The central dogma describes how DNA is transcribed into RNA which is then translated into protein. Eukaryotic transcription involves RNA polymerases that transcribe DNA into RNA, with RNA polymerase II transcribing mRNA. The transcription process consists of initiation, elongation, and termination. It also involves transcription factors, chromatin remodeling, 5' capping, poly-A tail addition, and intron removal through splicing.

2. What is the 'Dogma'Central ?
The ‘Central Dogma’ is the
process by which the
instructions in DNA are
converted into a functional
product (protein)

3. Central Dogma of Mecularol Biology;Eukayotic
model

4. Fine structure of a eukaryotic gene
1

5. Transcription
The synthesis of RNA molecule from template DNA by
using RNA polymerase is called transcription

6. Eukaryotic Transcription Process
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase
Transcription factors
Start point of RNA polymerase II
Unpacking DNA or Chromatin Rmodelling Complex
Transcription is divided into 3 stages
a)Inititiation
b)Elongation
c)Termination
RNA processing and modifications
a) 5' Capping
b) Addition of poly A tail
c) Removal of introns (Splicing)

7. 1.RNA Pol I: Transcribes
28s ribosomal RNA
18s rRNA
 5.8s rRNA
2.RNA Pol II: Transcribes
 m
-RNA
Some sn-RNA
3.RNA Pol III: Transcribes
t-RNA
5s rRNA
Some sn-RNA
Role of RNA Polymerase in Eukayotic transcrption

8. Transcriptional factors
Transcriptional factors are proteins that bind to DNA near the start of
transcription of a gene.
Transcription facors either inhibit or assit RNA polymerase in initiation and
maintenance of transcription.

9. Start Point Of RNA Polymerase II

10. Chromatin Remodeling Complexes (CRC)

11. Transcriptional Activation by recruitment

17. Transcription;Elongtion

18. Transcription;Termination

19. mRNA Processing & Post
Transcriptional Modifications

20. a) 5' Capping

21. b) Addition of poly A tail

22. c) Removal of introns (Splicing)

23. References
 Watson, James; Tania A. Baker; Stephen P. Bell; Alexander Gann;
Michael Levine; Richard Losik; Stephen C. Harrison. Molecular Biology of
the Gene (7th ed.). Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company.
 "Non-coding RNAs: the architects of eukaryotic complexity".
 Molecular cell biology (7th ed.). Sirri, Valentina; Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima;
Pascal Roussel; Danièle Hernandez-Verdun (2008).
 "Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body". Histochem Cell Biology
 Fromont-Racine, Micheline; Senger, Bruno; Saveanu, Cosmin; Fasiolo,
Franco (August 2003). "Ribosome assembly in eukaryotes"
 Lehninger Principles of biochemistry