Essential principles about our ocean
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The document outlines 7 essential principles of the ocean: 1) The ocean covers 70% of the planet's surface and has a single interconnected global circulation system. 2) The ocean shapes Earth's features through erosion, sediment deposition, and interactions with tectonic plates and sea level changes. 3) The ocean has a major influence on weather and climate through absorbing solar radiation, influencing rainfall and moderating temperatures. 4) The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems from the surface to the seafloor.
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Plastic is poisoning our oceans and a lot of that plastic comes from plastic beverage bottles. Stop using disposable plastic water bottles and switch to using filtered tap water in reusable water bottles. It's easy to do. It will help save the ocean. It will save you money.
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Global climate change is affecting coastal environments in several ways:
1) Sea-level rise is leading to inundation and erosion of coastal areas and saline intrusion into waterways.
2) Low-lying coastal deltas, floodplains, and estuaries are particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise.
3) Changes in ocean currents are also impacting coastal environments.
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The document discusses the relationship between climate change and the ocean. It notes that the ocean absorbs over 30% of carbon dioxide emissions, which is causing the ocean to warm and become more acidic. This is negatively impacting ocean ecosystems and species. Species are migrating to new areas as the climate changes, which could create international issues. Addressing climate change will require significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions globally through policies like the Paris Agreement. Protecting coastal ecosystems like mangroves and seagrasses can also help mitigate climate change by storing carbon.
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The document discusses several key topics related to oceans and ocean habitats:
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The Earth is like a big team where different parts work together to make everything work well. There are four main parts: the air around us (atmosphere), the water all around (hydrosphere), the solid ground beneath our feet (lithosphere), and all living things (biosphere). Each part has its special job.
The air around us is important because we need it to breathe and live. The water, like oceans and rivers, is a big part too. The solid ground is what we walk on, and all the living things, from plants to animals, make up the biosphere.
These parts work together to make sure everything is balanced and that life can happen. Learning how these parts work together helps us understand how our planet works and changes. It's like a big puzzle, and each piece is important!
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The Earth's atmosphere is a complex and dynamic system that surrounds the planet. It is a mixture of gases that are held in place by the Earth's gravity. The atmosphere plays a crucial role in supporting life on Earth by providing the necessary gases for respiration, regulating temperature, and protecting the planet from harmful solar radiation.
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The biosphere refers to the part of Earth where life exists. It includes the surface of the land, the ocean, the lower atmosphere, and the upper lithosphere. The biosphere is a complex and interconnected system that sustains and supports life.
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The hydrosphere refers to the total amount of water on Earth's surface, including oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and even the water vapor in the atmosphere. It is a critical component of the Earth system and plays a crucial role in supporting life and influencing climate.
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The lithosphere is the outermost shell of the Earth and is composed of the Earth's crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. It is one of the Earth's four major spheres, along with the hydrosphere (water), atmosphere (air), and biosphere (living organisms). The term "lithosphere" comes from the Greek words "lithos," meaning rock, and "sphaira," meaning sphere.
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2. It discusses evidence that climate change is occurring, including present day observations and computer models, and that scientists are very confident that human activities are the main cause of warming over the past 30 years.
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The document discusses the impacts of climate change on coastal communities and fisheries in the Philippines. It notes that the Philippines has extensive coastlines and coastal populations that are highly dependent on marine fisheries for food and livelihood. Climate change is expected to negatively impact coral reefs, fisheries, and coastal resources through rising sea levels, increased temperatures, and more extreme weather. This will threaten food security and biodiversity in the Philippines. The document also discusses observed shifts in species ranges and abundances due to ocean warming globally.
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This document provides an overview of marine ecosystems. It discusses the key characteristics of marine ecosystems, including the abiotic (temperature, nutrients, salinity) and biotic (organisms, predators) components. It also describes several important marine habitats like oceans, estuaries, and on-shore ecosystems. Estuaries are productive areas where freshwater and saltwater mix that provide nurseries for many species. On-shore ecosystems like beaches, lagoons, and salt marshes experience tidal influences and land-sea interactions.
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Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Essential principles about our ocean
- 2. Essential Principles 1. One big ocean with many features 2. The ocean and life in the ocean shape the features of the earth 3. The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate 4. The ocean makes Earth habitable 5. The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems 6. Oceans and humans are inextricably interconnected 7. The ocean is largely unexplored
- 3. One Big Ocean 70% of planet surface Size and shape determined by plates Single interconnected circulation system driven by wind, tides, Coriolis, Sun, and density differences Sea level changes with tectonics, ice cap melting, and water warming (expansion) 97% of water on earth is in ocean Integral part of global water cycle Connected to all major watersheds Although large, is finite and resources are limited
- 4. The ocean shapes the features of the Earth Many earth materials and geochemical cycles originate in the ocean Sea level changes over time shaped land surface Erosion occurs in coastal areas as wind, waves, and currents in rivers and ocean move sediments Sand consists of tiny bits of animals, plants, rocks and mineral eroded from land sources or by waves that also redistribute Tectonic activity, sea level changes, and waves influence physical structure and landforms of the coast
- 5. The ocean is a major influence on weather Absorbs most of solar radiation reaching earth Most rain on land was originally evaporated from the tropical ocean Half of global primary productivity occurs in the ocean The ocean has a significant influence on climate change by absorbing, storing and moving heat, carbon and water Changes in ocean circulation have produced large, abrupt changes in climate in the last 50,000 years
- 6. The ocean makes Earth habitable Most of oxygen originally came from ocean Earliest evidence of life is found in the ocean
- 7. The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems Diversity of major groups of organisms is much greater in the ocean The ocean provides unique examples of life cycles, adaptation etc. not seen on land The ocean is 3D with most of living space on earth Oocean habitats are defined by environmental factors with patchy distribution of ocean life Tides, waves, and predation cause vertical zonation in the shore Estuaries provide important and productive nursery areas
- 8. Oceans and humans are inextricably interconnected The ocean affects every Human life by supplying water, moderating climate, influencing weather, and affecting human health The ocean provides food, medicine, mineral and E resources, jobs, national economy, highway for transportation, and plays role in national security; The ocean is a source of inspiration, recreation, rejuvenation and discovery, plus an element of cultural heritage Most of population lives in coastal areas Humans impact ocean in a variety of ways (laws, development, pollution, overfishing) Coastal regions are susceptible to natural hazards; Everyone is responsible for caring for the ocean
- 9. The ocean is largely unexplored less than 5% has been explored; use of ocean resources has increased significantly in last 40 years and future sustainability depends on our understanding of those resources; new technology is expanding our ability to explore the ocean; ocean exploration is truly interdisciplinary and requires close collaboration among biologists, chemists, climatologists, computer programmers, engineers, geologists, meteorologists, physicists and a new way of thinking