Coping with Disaster discusses emergency preparedness and disaster management at the city-wide or larger level. It defines a disaster as an unexpected calamity that overwhelms normal coping mechanisms, requiring extraordinary measures. A disaster risks significant human suffering and economic losses. Developing an effective disaster response plan involves assessing risks and available resources. The plan should address different disaster scenarios, objectives, tasks, responsibilities, and needs like supplies, logistics, funding, and communication systems. Rehearsals help ensure those involved maintain skills and improve any issues in the plan.

1. Essay on Coping with Disaster
Coping with Disaster This paper will discuss Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management that are city wide or larger in scope. It will first
define disaster, then examine the typical stages in preparing for and coping with a disaster. Selected types of disasters will be considered, and examples
reviewed, namely biological, chemical, and radiation related disasters. What is a disaster? A disaster is an unexpected calamity that is of sufficient
magnitude that the normal societal coping mechanisms are insufficient, and extraordinary measures must be taken to remedy the situation
(Kroll–Smith and Couch, 1991). It involves a significant amount of physical and/or economic suffering to the extent that a break down in the
socioeconomic...show more content...
The available Emergency Response infrastructure is also considered in the risk assessment to determine what types of disasters can be handled
autonomously, and what ones require regional, national, or international assistance. After the risks and currently available resources are known, a
written plan is drafted with separate sections for each disaster scenario. The plan should have clear objectives and follow a systematic approach which
assigns tasks and responsibilities, both beforehand during the preparation phase, and during an actual disaster. The plan considers all dimensions that
have the potential to influence the outcome such as: threat level and probability of occurrence, required response time frames, local demographics,
professional training and public education, needed supplies (food, medical, temporary housing, equipment, etc.), logistics and transportation, funding,
available assistance from other areas, communication systems, chain of command and responsibilities. Rehearsals and exercises should be completed
on a scheduled basis by those involved to ensure skills are kept current and any deficiencies in the plan are uncovered and addressed (Kent, 1991;
United Nations, 2008). Disaster Management: Response Disaster Response are those activities and actions taken immediately before, and during, a
disaster to minimize human injury, damage to property, and the
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