This document defines different types of pollution and their causes and effects. It discusses air, water, soil, noise, nuclear and thermal pollution. For each type of pollution, it outlines major sources such as industries, vehicles and agriculture. It also describes health, environmental and other impacts of pollution. The document concludes with some suggestions to prevent and reduce different forms of pollution, like properly disposing of waste, limiting chemical usage, and responsible consumption of resources.

1. BY-
AKASHDEEP NAYEK
BATCH- 2014
RAMAKRISHNA MISSION
VIVEKANANDA UNIVERSITY.

2.  Pollution
Definition
Types of pollution
 Pollutants
Definition
Types of pollutants
 Air Pollution
 Water Pollution
 Noise Pollution
 Soil Pollution
 Nuclear Pollution

3. Pollution is the undesirable change of our
surrounding environment which effects plants,
animals as well as human beings.
Pollution refers to the very bad condition of
environment in terms of quantity and quality.

4. There are mainly three major types of pollution-
a. Air Pollution
b. Water Pollution
c. Soil Pollution
Besides these other minor pollutions are-
d. Noise Pollution
e. Nuclear Pollution
f. Thermal Pollution

5. Pollutant is a substance or energy introduced
into the environment that has undesired effects,
or adversely affects the usefulness of a
resource.

6. Based on the state pollutants can be classified into
three category-
a. Solid
b. Liquid
c. Gaseous
and based on the degradability-
a. Degradable pollutants (ex. Domestic sewage)
b. Semi degradable pollutants (ex. Plastic, DDT)
c. Non degradable pollutants (ex. Lead, Hg)

7. It is the mixing of some
substances (chemical, physical or
biological) in the ambient air in
such a concentration that a
situation arises in which man and
his environment is badly
affected. (WHO)

8. Natural:
• Forest fire, volcano, dust, salt particles,
cosmic dust.
• Methane, emitted by the digestion of food
by animals.
• Radon gas from radioactive decay within the
Earth’s crust.
• Smoke and carbon monoxide from wildfires
etc.

9. Human made:
Major sources of Air Pollution
• Industries
• Automobiles and domestic fuels
• High proportion of undesirable gases, such
as sulphur di oxide and Carbon monoxide.

10. Air Pollution affects-
Human health
Animal
Plants
The atmosphere as a whole.

12. • Scrubbers, removal of pollutants.
• Filters, electrostatic participator.
• Building higher smoke-stacks.
• Carefully location of Industries.

13. The contamination of water with
undesirable substances which
make it unfit for usage is termed
as water pollution.

14. • Urbanization, industrialization, Excess
withdrawn of water, agricultural run-off,
improper agricultural practices.
• Various religious and social practices.
• Organic and inorganic industrial waste and
affluent discharged into rivers.

15. • Marine eco-system adversely affected.
• Affects the nervous system, kidney, liver and
brain damage.
• Radiation sickness (nausea, diarrhoea, general
weakness etc.) weakens body immune system,
genetic disorder, metabolism of plants.
• About 40% of worldwide death is associated
with water pollution.

16. • Rivers or domestic usable water source must
not be used for washing clothes or bathing of
animals.
• Harvesting of rainwater to meet the water
requirements.
• Dams and embankments must be created.
• Dead bodies should not be thrown in rivers.

17. Noise can be simply defined as
unwanted sound.
The sound is pleasant or not
depends upon its loudness,
duration, rhythm and the mood
of the person

18. • Traffic noise.
• Air-craft noise.
• Noise from construction and civil engineering
works.
• Noise from the industries etc.

19. • Hearing Loss.
• High Blood Pressure.
• Stress.
• Sleep Disturbance.
• Colour Blindness.

20. • The Govt. should ensure the new machine that
should be noise proof.
• Air ports must be away from residential area.
• The sound horn symbol is to be in school or
hospital roads.

21. Presence of different
undesirable particles in the
soil is coined as soil or land
pollution.

22. • Macro and micro nutrients like Zn, Cu, Mg, Mo
etc.
• Household garbage.
• Industrial waste.
• Sewage waste etc.

23. • These poor land is not suitable for constructing
house.
• The quality of agriculture is affected adversely.
• Ground water gets affected.
• Affects living organism like human, animal and
plants adversely.

24. • More and more land should be brought under
farming.
• Trees should be planted everywhere.
• Waste matter should be disposed immediately.
• Avoid drilling the land for more underground
water.
• Avoid using more fertilizer and pesticides.

25. Despite the advantage of
nuclear as a clean energy, the
big concern is the resulted
from nuclear reaction, which
is a form of pollution called
Radio activity.

26. • Nuclear power plants (Ex. Neyveli, Kalpakkam)
• Nuclear weapon (Ex. Missiles)
• Disposal of nuclear waste.
• Uranium mining.

27. • The diseases include blood in cough,
• Ulcer,
• Swelling of bone joints,
• Cancer,
• Lung cancer,
• Skin cancer,
• Bone cancer,
• Eye problems.

28. • Avoid constructing nuclear power plant.
• Avoid using nuclear weapons.
• Have proper treatment for nuclear waste.

29. • Masses at present level should determine to
consume optimum level of resources, which
would lead a comfortable life.
• Waste disposal at personal level should be
optimally reduced as waste destruction by any
means causes pollution.
• Use of chemical fertilizers should be limited as
to avoid water pollution e.g. DDT etc.