Ensuring a safe surgical environment requires proper cleaning, hand washing, and sterilization of instruments. This includes cleaning the operating room before and after cases, as well as in between patients. Proper hand washing, especially surgical hand washing, is critical to remove microorganisms. Instruments must be cleaned, disinfected, and sterilized based on their classification as critical, semi-critical, or non-critical. Various methods can be used for sterilization including steam, hydrogen peroxide gas, and dry heat. Adhering to protocols at each step helps minimize infection risk and ensure safety for both patients and staff.
The sterilization of surgical instruments is a process that removes all microorganisms from medical instruments before a surgery can take place. Proper sterilization ensures that all equipment has been thoroughly cleaned, sanitized and sterilized, and minimizes the risk of preventable surgical site infections. This process should be completed by a certified central sterilization technician.
Operation Theatre Technician: Skills, Job Role and CareerNehaNaayar
With advanced technological development in medical science and an increase in public demand, modern surgical procedures are becoming more complex and expensive. Generally, in mid-size to larger hospitals, 50% of beds are allocated to the surgical department, surgical facilities can sometimes only be an option, and serves as a central life-saving activity. The operation or surgical procedures success and failures not only influences the hospital reputation but also impacts its operations and sustainability.
The sterilization of surgical instruments is a process that removes all microorganisms from medical instruments before a surgery can take place. Proper sterilization ensures that all equipment has been thoroughly cleaned, sanitized and sterilized, and minimizes the risk of preventable surgical site infections. This process should be completed by a certified central sterilization technician.
Operation Theatre Technician: Skills, Job Role and CareerNehaNaayar
With advanced technological development in medical science and an increase in public demand, modern surgical procedures are becoming more complex and expensive. Generally, in mid-size to larger hospitals, 50% of beds are allocated to the surgical department, surgical facilities can sometimes only be an option, and serves as a central life-saving activity. The operation or surgical procedures success and failures not only influences the hospital reputation but also impacts its operations and sustainability.
ORPs Educational Programme
Admin & Fascinator (Moule #01-Asepsis & Infection Control for the month of February-2013) • Karachi, Pakistan
1.Education for all ORPs
2.Produce Educated ORPs.
3.Teach & Training about all Surgical Technique & Skill
4.Conduct 2 seminars in each month at different Venue
5.Join All ORPs to Apply registration through
* sms * E-Mail *Facebook * Skype * other relationship
• ORPs Education
Apr 13, 2013 to present
COURSE OUTLINE :
*Module #1 (Operating Room)
*Medical Terminologies
*Feature of Surgical Equipment
Surgical instrumentation is critical to surgical procedure.
The performance of OR team is enhance when team members know each instrument by name, know how each is safely handled and know how each is used.
Preparing the instrument for appropriate processing will prolong its use in patient care and decrease the costs for repair and replacement.
Surgical instruments are incredibly important for hospitals around the country. They represent a significant investment hospitals make to take care of their patients. As such, they must always be maintained in good working order. Better care and maintenance leads to better patient care as well as cost savings by increasing the tools’ lifespan.
An operation theatre assistant is a healthcare professional who works in the operation theatre and assists the surgical team during surgical procedures. They are responsible for ensuring that the operation theatre is properly prepared before the surgery and that the surgical instruments and equipment are sterilized and ready for use. In this theory, we will discuss the role and responsibilities of an operation theatre assistant.
surgical draping ,meaning,definition, purpose,importance, principles, characteristic,type of materials, procedure , warning /precausions,after care, example of draping procedure,summary and conclusion etc
Prevention of Accidents in An Operation Theatre Part 2-NURSINGMariaKuriakose5
This contains a detailed information about what causes accidents in an operation theater,its preventive measures and what else to be done to prevent such hazards taking place in an OT
ORPs Educational Programme
Admin & Fascinator (Moule #01-Asepsis & Infection Control for the month of February-2013) • Karachi, Pakistan
1.Education for all ORPs
2.Produce Educated ORPs.
3.Teach & Training about all Surgical Technique & Skill
4.Conduct 2 seminars in each month at different Venue
5.Join All ORPs to Apply registration through
* sms * E-Mail *Facebook * Skype * other relationship
• ORPs Education
Apr 13, 2013 to present
COURSE OUTLINE :
*Module #1 (Operating Room)
*Medical Terminologies
*Feature of Surgical Equipment
Surgical instrumentation is critical to surgical procedure.
The performance of OR team is enhance when team members know each instrument by name, know how each is safely handled and know how each is used.
Preparing the instrument for appropriate processing will prolong its use in patient care and decrease the costs for repair and replacement.
Surgical instruments are incredibly important for hospitals around the country. They represent a significant investment hospitals make to take care of their patients. As such, they must always be maintained in good working order. Better care and maintenance leads to better patient care as well as cost savings by increasing the tools’ lifespan.
An operation theatre assistant is a healthcare professional who works in the operation theatre and assists the surgical team during surgical procedures. They are responsible for ensuring that the operation theatre is properly prepared before the surgery and that the surgical instruments and equipment are sterilized and ready for use. In this theory, we will discuss the role and responsibilities of an operation theatre assistant.
surgical draping ,meaning,definition, purpose,importance, principles, characteristic,type of materials, procedure , warning /precausions,after care, example of draping procedure,summary and conclusion etc
Prevention of Accidents in An Operation Theatre Part 2-NURSINGMariaKuriakose5
This contains a detailed information about what causes accidents in an operation theater,its preventive measures and what else to be done to prevent such hazards taking place in an OT
Brief overview of OR guideliens and basic etiquette to be maintained in OR.
For interns, undergraduate and surgical residents. This would help to learn correct protocols and unlearn wrong things. Based on evidence from recent cochrane database studies and WHO guidelines for infection control following elective surgeries.
Safety precautions in the clinic and laboratory.pptxMustafa Al-Ali
Safety precautions in the clinic and laboratory.
Mustafa al-ali, 48
Safety precautions in the clinic and laboratory
Safety precautions in the dental clinic and laboratory are crucial to protect both patients and dental healthcare professionals. Here are some key safety measures to consider:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Hand Hygiene
Sterilization and Disinfection
Waste Management
Radiation Safety
Emergency Preparedness
Chemical Safety
Ergonomics
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be selected based on risk assessment and tasks to be performed.
These items are designed to provide a protective barrier during dental procedures and through the sterilization process. PPE must also be considered for patients as they enter the facility and provided to administrative staff who may be screening them upon arrival.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Gown
Dental Hygiene Care Professionals (DHCP) should wear protective clothing (eg, gowns, jackets) to prevent contamination of scrubs and to protect the skin from exposure to blood and bodily fluids.
Sleeves should be long enough to protect the forearms.
Protective clothing should be changed after use or when it becomes visibly soiled by blood or other bodily fluids.
DHCP should remove protective clothing before leaving the work area.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Eyewear/Face Shields
Protective Eyewear
DHCP should wear protective eyewear with solid side shields or a face shield during procedures likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood or bodily fluids or the spatter of debris. Reusable protective eyewear should be cleaned with soap and water, and when visibly soiled, disinfected between patients.
Personal eyeglasses are not considered PPE.
Protective eyewear should be provided to patients.
Face Shields
Face shields provide full-face coverage.
Must be worn with a face mask.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Gloves
DHCP should wear gloves to prevent contamination of their hands when touching mucous membranes, blood, saliva, or other potentially infectious materials and to reduce the likelihood that microorganisms on their hands will be transmitted to patients during patient care.
Gloves should be used for one patient only and discarded appropriately after use.
Hand hygiene should be performed prior to donning gloves and immediately after glove removal.
Hand Hygiene
Hand hygiene is extremely important to prevent the spread of the SARS CoV-2 virus. It also interrupts the transmission of other viruses and bacteria, thus reducing the overall burden of disease, Dental healthcare facilities should ensure that hand hygiene supplies are readily available in every patient care location.
Pre-washing considerations
Remove jewelry, ring, watches, or bracelets
Remove artificial nails if present.
Cover skin cuts, abrasions, breaks or cracks with waterproof adhesive dressings.
Use running water; avoid dipping or washing hands in a basin of standing water
Rationale
Chain of infection
Routes of disease transmission
CDC and OSHA
Spauldings classification
Sterilization protocol
Methods of sterilization-physical and chemical agents
New methods of sterilization
Sterilization of scaler handpeice and inserts
Infection control
Infectious diseases commonly encounterd in dentistry
Medical history and dental safety
Immunization of personnel involved in dental care
Infection control practices
Hand hygiene
Personal protective equipments
Surface barriers
Waste management in dental practice
Cdc guidelines-special considerations
COLOUR CODING IN THE PERIOPERATIVE NURSING PRACTICE.SamboGlo
COLOUR CODING IN THE PERIOPERATIVE ENVIRONMENT HAS COME TO STAY ,SOME SENCE OF HUMOUR WILL BE APPRECIATED AT THE RIGHT TIME BY THE PATIENT AND OTHER SURGICAL TEAM MEMBERS.
The complete vital signs by a Nurse for every patient at every contact ranging from first contact at the out-patient department to the assessment of residents on admission.
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pdfNEHA GUPTA
The "ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance" PDF provides a comprehensive overview of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines related to pharmacovigilance. These guidelines aim to ensure that drugs are safe and effective for patients by monitoring and assessing adverse effects, ensuring proper reporting systems, and improving risk management practices. The document is essential for professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory authorities, and healthcare providers, offering detailed procedures and standards for pharmacovigilance activities to enhance drug safety and protect public health.
LGBTQ+ Adults: Unique Opportunities and Inclusive Approaches to CareVITASAuthor
This webinar helps clinicians understand the unique healthcare needs of the LGBTQ+ community, primarily in relation to end-of-life care. Topics include social and cultural background and challenges, healthcare disparities, advanced care planning, and strategies for reaching the community and improving quality of care.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Mor...The Lifesciences Magazine
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more of the deep veins in the legs. These clots can impede blood flow, leading to severe complications.
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...
Ensuring a safe surgical environment
1. ENSURING A SAFE SURGICAL
ENVIRONMENT: THEATRE
CLEANING,HAND
WASHING,CLEANING AND
STERILIZATION OF INSTRUMENT
BY SAMBO N.M
RN,RM,RPON,BNSC,PGDE,PM,MSc N
3. INTRODUCTION
• Safe and sufficient surgical operations
depends on a work environment larger than
the individual operating room (OR) and on
communications at the different levels of the
hospital organization.
4. DEFINITION OF TERMS
• Patient/resident safety in
the OR: It refers to the
safety (no harm) of both
the patient and the
working personnel
• Sterilization :destroys or
eliminates all forms of
microbial life
• Cleaning :reduces
bioburden of contaminants
present
• Disinfection :eliminates
many or all pathogenic
microorganisms, except
bacterial spores.
• The operating room
(OR): is a sterile,
organized environment
section in a hospital
5. SAFE SURGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Ensuring surgical safety in the operating room begins before
patient enters the operating room and include attention
to all types of medical errors that may affect the patient
or any of the team members.
This errors include;
• Wrong-patient surgery
• Wrong-side surgery
• Wrong-level surgery
• Retained foreign objects
• Medication errors
• Teaching and untrained personnel
Opportunities and challenges in improving surgical work flow(2008), The American college of obstetricians and
gynaecologists (2010)
6. PREVENTION OF ERRORS IN THE OR
• Universal protocol ; identification process,
marking of op-site and performing of time out.
• Stress management
• Use of surgical safety checklist
• Teaching
• Patient’s involvement
• Grant privileges for new procedures under
supervision
• Swab count before closing any cavity
• Avoid distractions
The American college of obstetricians and gynaecologists (2010)
7. CLEANING THE OPERATING ROOM(OR)
To ensure a clean and safe surgical
environment, cleaning an operating room or
procedure room requires a team approach
ORs should be cleaned:
Before the first case of the day.
Room turnover; In between cases.
Terminal clean after the last case of the day .
Cycle or Periodic deep cleaning
8. CLEANING PROCESS
Use Dedicated equipment.
Detergent and disinfectant solutions should be
prepared as needed according to
manufacturer’s instructions – and properly
labeled.
Follow Standard precautions.
Be alert for sharps and sharp objects
Follow protocol for hand hygiene
Wet floor sign
9. HAND WASHING
The most important tool for caring placed upon each
patient who is hoping for answers, understanding, and
healing remedies
Hand hygiene is simple yet effective way to remove
transient micro-organisms, acquired through everyday
tasks in the clinical setting, from the surface of the hands.
Good hand hygiene protects both patients and staff
Alcohol-based formulations and soap & water.
To maintain optimum hand hygiene; nothing is worn
below the elbows (only a plain bands), and that
the fingernails are clean and trimmed.
Teachmesurgery, 2018 and https://www.cdc.gov, 2019
10.
11. SURGICAL HAND WASHING
• Surgical hand washing requires the removal and
killing of transient micro-organisms and
substantial reduction and suppuration of the
resident flora from the nails, hands, and
forearms of the surgical team for the duration of
the operation, in case a surgical glove is
punctured/torn.
https://www.infectioncontroltoday.com/view/how-perform-surgical-hand-scrubs (2001)
12.
13.
14.
15. STERILIZATION OF INSTRUMENTS
• INTRODUTION
The delivery of sterile products for use in patient
care depends on the effectiveness of the
sterilization process, the unit design,
decontamination, disassembling and packaging of
the device, loading the sterilizer, monitoring,
sterilant quality and quantity, and the
appropriateness of the cycle for the load contents,
and other aspects of device reprocessing.
16. Spaulding's Classification of
Disinfection
Classification Definition Level of Processing Required
• Critical Device that Cleaning followed by
enters sterile tissues sterilization
• Semi-critical Device in contact Cleaning + high-level disinfection
with nonintact skin or +sterilization if preferred
mucous membranes
• Noncritical Device that touches Cleaning followed by low-level
only intact skin and not disinfection. In some cases, cleaning
mucous membranes or does alone is acceptable
not directly touch the
client/resident
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/sterilization-and-disinfection
17. CLEANING OF THE INSTRUMENTS
• Friction (scrubbing the soiled area with a
brush) is an old and dependable method.
• Fluidics ( fluids under pressure) is used to
remove soil and debris from internal
channels after brushing and when the
design does not allow passage of a brush
through a channel.
• https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinfection/cleaning.html(2016)
18. METHODS OF
STERILIZATIONS/DISINFECTION
• Hypochloride 1% ,PH 6-8
• Glutaraldehyde (CIDEX ) 2% at 20ºC
• Dry Heat Sterilization. 160 °C /170 °C
/190°C
• Steam autoclaving uses steam, pressure
and time. At high temperature of 121°C
(250°F) to 132°C (270°F)
• Hydrogen peroxide gas
3%/ 1.5%/ 0.75%
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/hse/forms/cidexopa/opahowtouse.pd
f
• 10 minutes
• 20 minutes
• 2h/1h/6-12min
• 20-30 minutes
• Aprox.10 /20 /60 min respectively
www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinfection/sterilization/sterhttpsilizing-
practices.(2008)
19. Factors Affecting the Efficacy of
Disinfection and Sterilization
• Concentration and Potency of Disinfectants
• Physical and Chemical Factors
• Organic and Inorganic Matter
• Innate Resistance of Microorganisms
• Duration of Exposure
• Biofilms
20. CONCLUTION
• Members of the surgical team most work hard to
coordinate their efforts to ensure the safety and
care of their patients and themselves.
• Nosocomial Infection rates are frequently
reported
• There are systems that we can put in place to
ensure that the theatre environment is clean and
safe to minimize this infection risk such as
reducing the bioburden before disinfection and
sterilization
21. REFERENCES
• Laurence McKeen,( 2012) .The Effect of Sterilization on
Plastics and Elastomers (Third Edition).
• https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinf
ection/cleaning.html(2016)
• https://www.infectioncontroltoday.com/view/how-
perform-surgical-hand-scrubs, (2001)
• Teachmesurgery, 2018
• https://www.cdc.gov, 2019
• Opportunities and challenges in improving surgical
work flow(2008).
• The American college of obstetricians and
gynaecologists (2010)