The document outlines the sounds of the English language, categorizing them into consonants and vowels, along with examples of words exemplifying each sound. It details 26 letters, comprising 5 vowels and 21 consonants, and further classifies the sounds into various types such as plosives, fricatives, and monophthongs. Additionally, it provides symbol representations for each sound alongside relevant illustrations of language use.

1. ALPHABETS
(26)
05 Vowels21 Consonants24 Sounds 20 Sounds
Plosives=06Affricates=02Fricatives=09Nasals=03Frictionless=02
Semi-vowels=02
MONOPHTHONGS
PURE VOWELS = 12
DIPHTHONGS = 08
Chart made by Kashif Ahmad
Department of English
Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
#
Sound’s
Symbol
Sound’s
Like
Examples
1. / p / ‫ہ‬َ‫پ‬ pen, people, sheep
2. / b / ‫ہ‬َ‫پ‬ bag, about, bulb
3. / t / ‫ہ‬َ‫پ‬ tea, stop, rat
4. / d / ‫ہ‬َ‫ڈ‬ day, advance attend
5. / k / ‫ہ‬ َ‫ک‬ key, account, black
6. / g / ‫ہ‬َ‫گ‬ goat, ago, egg
7. / tʃ / ‫ہ‬َ‫چ‬ chair, teacher, much
8. / dʒ / ‫ہ‬َ‫چ‬ jeep, budget, judge
9. / f / ‫ہ‬ َ‫ف‬ fail, after, if
10. / v / ‫ہ‬ُ‫و‬ُ‫و‬‫ہ‬ very, lover, five
11. / θ / ‫ہہہہہہ‬‫ہہہہہ‬‫ث‬‫ہ‬ ‫ت‬ think, birthday, earth
12. / ð / ‫ذ‬‫ہہ‬ ‫د‬ there, other, with
13. / s / ‫ہس/سس۔۔۔‬ see, fast, miss
14. / z / ‫ہ‬َ‫ز‬ zoo, lazy, was
15. / ʃ / ‫شش۔۔۔‬ she, musician, fish
16. / ʒ / ‫ژژ۔۔۔‬ vision, casual
17. / h / ‫ہہ‬ hot, adhere,
18. / m / ‫مم‬/‫م‬َ‫ء‬‫۔۔‬ madam, lemon, lamb
19. / n / ‫ن‬/‫ن‬ِ‫ء‬ nurse, orange, green
20. / ŋ / ‫ں‬/)‫ءں(گ‬ sing, english
21. / l / ‫ہ‬‫ہ‬‫ل‬ love, allow, full
22. / r / ‫رہ‬/‫ہ‬‫ہ‬‫رر‬ run, brown, war
23. / j / ‫ہ‬ََ‫ی‬)‫(ہ‬ yes, bureau
24. / w / )‫وا(ہ‬ wet, away, window
#
Sound’s
Symbol
Sound’s
Like
Examples
1. / i: / e ‫ہ‬ِ‫ا‬/‫ی‬ eagle, seet, see
2. / u: / ‫ہ‬ُ‫ا‬‫و‬‫و‬‫ہ‬)‫/(ااٹلشیپ‬ food, two
3. / ɑː / ‫آہ‬‫ہہہ‬ ark, dark, bar
4. / ɔː / ‫ہ‬‫ا‬‫ہ‬‫ہ‬َ‫و‬‫و‬‫ہ‬ orbit, call, saw
5. / ɜː / ‫ہ‬
ِ
‫ا‬‫ہ‬)‫(ر‬ earth, adverb, blur
6. / I / ‫ء‬ِ‫ا‬‫/زری‬ ill, sit
7. / e / a ‫ہ‬ِ‫ا‬/‫اے‬/‫ح‬ egg, bet
8. / æ / ‫ہ‬‫ا‬‫ء‬‫زرب‬‫/ڑھکا‬ apple, cat
9. / ʌ / ‫ہ‬َ‫ا‬‫ء‬‫/زرب‬ /uh up, won
10. / ɒ / ‫ُہ‬‫ا‬ obviously, not
11. / ʊ / /‫ُء‬‫ا‬‫ہ‬‫شیپ‬ Good
12. / ə / '‫'ر‬َ‫ا‬/‫َح‬‫ا‬ observer, method
13. / aɪ / ‫آےئ‬ ice, line, buy
14. / eɪ / ‫ہ‬َ‫ا‬‫ےئ‬ age, basis, they
15. / ɔɪ / ‫ُوےئ‬‫ا‬ oil, join, toy
16. / eə / ‫ای/اےآ‬‫اے‬ air, theirs, tear
17. / ʊə / ‫اووا‬ over, bureau, sure
18. / ɪə / /‫ای‬‫ی‬ِ‫ا‬‫آ‬‫ی‬ِ‫ا‬ ear, period, beer,
19. / əʊ / ‫اؤ‬ own, smoke. bureau
20. / aʊ / ‫آؤ‬ out, coward, now
Long-vowels=05Short-vowels=07
Gliding/I/
=03
Gliding/ə/
=03
Gliding/ʊ/
=02