TOPIC-CONJUNCTION

1. CONJUNCTION

2. DEFINATION
A conjunction is a word that joins together two words,
phrases and parts of sentence.
The most common used conjunctions are:
• and
• but
• or

3. “AND“
The conjunction "and" shows addition and is used when
the statements are similar.
1. I called Jane and we talked for an hour.
2. Balu and Vithal are good bowlers.
"BUT“
The conjunction "but" is used to connect statements
that express opposite ideas.
1. The man is poor, but honest.
2. I called Steve, but he wasn't home.

4. "OR“
The conjunction "or" is used to connect sentences which
has alternatives.
1. You must work or starve.
2. You may take this book or that one.

5. TYPES OF CONJUNCTIONS
There are three main types of Conjunction:
1. Coordinating Conjunction
2. Subordinating Conjunction
3. Correlative Conjunction

6. A coordinating conjunction join words, phrases
or clauses having similar grammatical
structure.
It joins the following:
 Word + Word
 Phrases + Phrases
 Clauses + Clauses

7.  F – for
 A – and
 N - nor
 B – but
 O – or
 Y – yet
 S - so

8.  You can eat your cake with a spoon or fork.
 My dog enjoys being bathed but hates getting
his nails trimmed.
 Bill refuses to eat peas, nor will he touch
carrots.
 I hate to waste a drop of gas, for it is very
expensive these days.

9. A subordinating
conjunction is a
word that connects
an independent
clause to
a dependent clause.

10.  An independent clause can stand alone as a
sentence.
 In other words, it does not need any
additional information to operate as a
sentence.
EXAMPLE:
"The student failed the
test"

11.  A dependent clause adds extra information to
the main clause.
 These clauses cannot stand by themselves
and their meaning is dependent on the
independent clause. They are not complete
sentences.
EXAMPLE: "because she didn't study" is not a
complete sentence.

12. However, combine the two clauses, and we
have "The student failed the test because she
didn't study." A complete idea has been
expressed and enough information has been
presented to fully explain the thought. What
joined the two clauses? The word "because.“
And there we have our first subordinating
conjunction.

13. After
In order to Though Wherever
Although Once Whereas Unless
As Provided
that
That While
Because Rather
than
Than Where
Before Since So that Wherever
Even if Why Whether Unless
Even
though
When Until
If When Whenev
er

14. They come in pairs, and you have to use both
of them in different places in a sentence to
make them work.

15. Correlative conjunctions include pairs such as
"both/and," "either/or," "neither/nor,“
not/but" and "not only/but also.“
They get their name from the fact that they
work together (co-) and relate one sentencE
element to another.

16.  either/or - I want either the cheesecake or the chocolate cake.
 both/and - We'll have both the cheesecake and the chocolate
cake.
 whether/or - I didn't know whether you'd want the
cheesecake or the chocolate cake, so I got both.
 neither/nor - Oh, you want neither the cheesecake nor the
chocolate cake? No problem.
 not only/but also - I'll eat them both - not only the
cheesecake but also the chocolate cake.
 not/but - I see you're in the mood not for
desserts but appetizers. I'll help you with those, too.