3rd GRF One Health Summit 2015 Plenary IV: Engaging Developing Regions for Effective Global One Health implementation - The ICOPHAI approach Michael BISESI, PhD, REHS, CIH, Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, Director of the Center for Public Health Practice, Interim Chair of Environmental Health Sciences, and tenured Associate Professor of Environmental Health Sciences in the College of Public Health at The Ohio State University, USA Presentation Title: One Health Approach to Solve Complex Problems and Improve Livelihoods at the Human-Livestock-Wildlife Interface Rudovick KAZWALA, BVSc, MVM, PhD, Professor of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, Acting Dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania Presentation Title: The Environmental Component of the One Health Approach: An Expanded Paradigm Mateus MATIUZZI, DVM, PhD, Associate Professor of Bacteriology and Dean of Graduate Programs at the University of Sao Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil Presentation Title: Brazilian Experience in One Health: ICOPHAI - One Health for Sustainable Development Peter COWEN, DVM, MPVM, PhD, Associate Professor in the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine’s department of Population Health and Pathobiology, USA (tbc) Presentation Title: Key Elements for Starting Up One Health Surveillance and Response Systems: What ICOPHAI Brings to the Table Wondwossen GEBREYES, DVM, PhD, DACVPM. Professor of Molecular Epidemiology, Director of Global Health Programs at The Ohio State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Chair of the Ohio State Global One Health Task Force, USA Presentation Title: ICOPHAI: Engaging Health sciences and beyond for effective and sustainable Global One Health Implementation

1. ICOPHAI: Overview

2. Global One Health

3. Principles and Objectives
• Bring together developing region scientists and
policy-makers across the world;
• Build capacity, encourage interactions among
scientists from the fields of health, agriculture,
environment…;
• Establish a global knowledge-sharing platform
• Biennial Congress- http://icophai.org
• Conduct model Research, training and outreach
partnerships on priority global health issues
• Innovative- e.g. Novel Rapid Diagnostics of BTB
• Implementation- Rabies prevention and control

4. http://icophai.org
Chiang Mai, Thailand
August 6-8, 2015

5. ICOPHAI GenomeTrkr
924 isolates submitted
to FDA-CFSAN
• Brazil (4)
• Ethiopia (401)
• Kenya (86)
• Mexico (63)
• Tanzania (64)
• Thailand (60)
• U.S. –OSU (247)

6. Target focus/ recommendations

7. ICOPHAI…Global One Health
ICOPHAI network members
993 network subscribers; 65+ countries; 225+ institutes/ Mainly developing
Join ICOPHAI- info@icophai.org

8. 1. Peter Cowen- Key Elements for Starting Up One Health
Surveillance and Response Systems: What ICOPHAI
Brings to the Table
2. Rudovick Kazwala- One Health Approach to Solve
Complex Problems and Improve Livelihoods at the
Human-Livestock-Wildlife Interface
3. Michael Bisesi- The Environmental Component
of the One Health Approach: An Expanded Paradigm
4. Mateus Matiuzzi- Brazilian Experience in One
Health: ICOPHAI - One Health for Sustainable
Development
5. Wondwossen Gebreyes- Engaging Health Sciences and
Beyond
ICOPHAI GRF 2015 Panel

9. Key Elements for Starting Up One
Health Surveillance and
Response Systems:
What ICOPHAI Brings to the
Table
Peter Cowen, DVM, PhD
Population Health and Pathobiology
Department
Global
Risk
Forum
One
Health
Davos
2015

10. Map of Global Risk and Trends
Global Risks 2015 World Economic Forum
Wildli
fe
Animal
Human
Emergi
ng
Diseas
es

11. Multidimensionality: What ICOPHAI Brings to
the One Health Table
Inter
Disciplinar
yEcosystem
Health
Human
Health
Animal Health
Multi-
dimensionality
South-South
Partnerships
Epidemiologic
Diversity
Triangular
Networks
I
C
O
P
H
A
I
Effective Global One
Health Surveillance &
Response
Wildlife
Animal
Huma
n
Emerging
Disease

12. South-South and Triangular
Collaborations and Networks: A Key
Dimensionality of One Health Response.
…it is imperative not only
that research yield new
technologies but that the
broadest range of
already existing
alternative precedents –
and new combinations of
both –be identified and
examined critically for
possible applications in
different areas of the
world or to different
circumstances. And this
includes particularly
careful study of current
food production
practices in different
Third World countries for
their broader application.
– C.W. Schwabe, 1984
Many of the
technologic
al challenges
of today are
not local
needs of a
single
countries but
are part of
the basic
problem of
survival and
conversation
of the worlds
resources. -
Willy Brant,
1980

13. Nigeria’s Avian Influenza Control Program
Blocking HPAI H5N1with One Health
Preparation of HPAI plan by Agriculture prior to
outbreak
First African outbreak near Kaduna - 2006
Federal Government set up intersectoral HPAI
steering committee jointly chaired by FMANR
and MOH.
Initial Meetings at Aso Rock chair by Nigerian
President Obasanjo
Joint Preparedness and Response plan prepared
with Ministry of Communication
International and multisectorial cooperation
included $50 million loan for farmer
compensation and other activities
Disease eradicated from over 300 farms
Highly successful program run with high levels of
One Health cooperation.

14. Nigeria Defeats Ebola: One Health NFELTP – A Key
Response Resource
This is not the first time Ebola has appeared
in Africa. There have been more than 20
outbreaks since 1976. Not one of them has
been declared a global problem. Of
course, circumstances are different this
time. But if we had been prepared, if we
had learned from the past, we wouldn’t be
where we are today.
NFELTP Inaugural Cohort Abuja, 2008-
10
Following this diagnosis, the Federal
Ministry of Health (FMOH), the Nigerian
Center for Disease Control (NCDC) and
the Nigeria Field Epidemiology and
Laboratory Training Program (NFELTP )
were mobilised to investigate, manage
and control the epidemic - with support
from the Lagos State Government.

15. Cowen JAVMA
2006

16. Central Question: Does information sharing and the use of
‘informal’ or unofficial sources speed up the detection of
emerging diseases?
ProMED founders: Stephen
Morse, Jack Woodall,
Barbara Hatch Rosenberg
in a 1999 photo.
ProMED – mail
Editorial Team,
2009
The Organizational Design and Potential for
a Multidisciplinary South -South and
Triangular Dialogues
Third ProMED –
Mail Editorial
Team, 2006

17. Regional Networks

18. One Health Approach to Solve Complex Problems and
Improve Livelihoods at the
Human-Livestock-Wildlife Interface

19. Ruaha Landscape of Tanzania
PI
Ihefu
Wetland

20. Ruaha Landscape of Tanzania – in 20th century

21. Water Scarcity – sharing
of resources
Pre-1993: Year round flow
of Great Ruaha
2005: 119 days of
no flow
Mtera Dam meter gauge -
2005
22 Aug
1991
322
km2
21 July
2000
153
km2
2-9 Feb
2006
84 km2
Declining wet lands
Increasing Water Scarcity …21st century

22. Identifying the
Problem Model
• Pastoralist
interviews
• Field visits
• Pre-project
stake holder
workshop
Stakeholder-Research Partnership
Humans
LivestockWildlife
ONE HEALTH

23. HALI Project – Approach
Pastoralist
household
surveys,
workshops,
& focus groups
Livestock sampling
Wildlife sampling
Water sampling
Disease Data
Health and economic
impact of disease
Recommendations
for disease prevention
Recommendations
for water management
TRAINING & CAPACITY BUILDING
Socioeconomic
Data

24. HALI Project – Livestock Disease
Slaughtered animals
• 170 cattle and 58 shoats
• 18% M. bovis
– Both cattle & shoats
Live cattle
• BTB reactor prevalence = 2%
(n=1350 cattle)
• Herd BTB reactor prevalence = 18%
(18/102 households)
• Herd BTB prevalence w/ suspects = 28%
(28/102 households)
• Brucella seropositve = 7%
(88/1334 cattle)
• Herd Brucella seropositive = 42%
(39/93 households) Photo: HALI

25. HALI Project – Wildlife Disease
BTB
Samples collected in 2006/2007 through mid-
2009
11/70 (15.7%) positive for BTB via culture
2 impala, 1 buffalo, 1 lesser kudu
Brucella
1/27 (4%) tested to date seropositive
Only seropositive animal was the BTB
infected buffalo

26. HALI Project – Potential BTB Transmission
Animal spp 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4
Buffalo 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 9 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 1 1 1 0 0
Impala 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 1 0 0
Lesser kudu 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 1 1 1 0 0
Cow 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Cow 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 9 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 1 1 0 0
Cow 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Cow 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Cow 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Cow 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0

27. HALI Project – Water Sampling
Cryptosporidium oocyst
Giardia oocyst
Note:
• Heaviest protozoa
burden in water source
frequented by humans
and livestock
Detection of water
borne parasites:
• Giardia
• Cryptosporidium

28. HALI Project – Water Sampling
571bp
244bp
M 14 15 16 17 18 19 C2 C3 C4 C5
Salmonella -virulence gene PCRs
19 Salmonella isolates characterized for
relatedness using rapid PCR and virulence genes
Isolations of enteric
bacteria:
• E. coli
• Salmonella
• Vibrio
• Shigella

29. One Health Approach to Livelihood
Improvement
• HALI Project has demonstrated that when livestock and
wildlife are in close proximity, diseases can have severe
impacts on livelihoods and biodiversity, and may also affect
human health.
• These findings call for the One Health approach in
intervening the challenges presented in ecosystems with
interfaces between livestock, wildlife and humans.
• Trade-offs are needed to balance the needs of people and
their domestic animals with wildlife.
• Disease control must consider natural resource use, cultural
or indigenous practices, and perceptions.

30. The Environmental Component
of the One Health Approach:
An Expanded Paradigm
Michael S. Bisesi, PhD, REHS, CIH
Senior Associate Dean, College of Public Health
Chairman (interim), Environmental Health Science
Director, Center for Public Health Practice
Ohio State University USA

31. Some Emerging Certainties in
Developing Countries. . .
Historically and currently there has been more
focus on pathogenic organisms and vectors and
associated communicable infectious diseases. . .
With growing economic development,
transportation, and industrialization, there are
expanding needs to address
non-communicable diseases, including those
attributable to toxic chemical exposures. . .

32. EXAMPLE: “Ambient” Environment . . .

33. EXAMPLE: “Occupational” Environment
Abattoir to Tannery

34. . . . and, “contamination” from
“occupational” to “ambient”
environments. . .

35. Physical (Energy) Agents:
- Toxic Ionizing and
Nonionizing Radiation
- Noise
- Illumination
Chemical Agents:
- Toxic Inorganic and
Organic Elements
or Compounds
Biological Agents:
- Infectious, Allergenic,
or Intoxicating Organisms
EXTERNAL
EXPOSURES
Psychological Agents:
- Distress

36. Environmental Quality
Air
Wate
r
Food
Soil
n
Health
c
o
n
t
a
m
i
n
a
n
t
s
c
o
n
t
a
m
i
n
a
n
t
s
c o n t a m i n a n t s
Human
Health
Animal
Health
Michael Bisesi, PhD
2014

37. Impacting
Resulting
in
Environmental Controls
 Engineering/Technology
 Regulations , Policies,
and Guidelines
 Management Practices
 Community Education
Which
Drive
Societal Processes
 Political
 Legal
 Economic
 Ethical
Personal / Group
Responses
 Emotional/social
reactions to
-real and perceived
hazards/risks/effects
Environmental
Agents
 Physical
 Chemical
 Biological
Environmental
Matrices/
Pathways
 Air
 Water
 Soil
 Food
 Surfaces
Sources of
Environmental
Agents
 Natural
 Anthropogenic
Human and Animal
Receivers’
Exposures/Impacts
Exposures
- External
- Internal
 Transmissible?
 Effects
Release
What kind of agent is it?
Where does the agent come from?
Where does the agent go?
Distribution
 Movement through
and/or storage in
media
 Agents changed in
and/or eliminated
from media
 Vector? Vehicle?
How does the agent
get to humans
and animals?
What are the possible
effects on the health of the
people and animals?
How do people respond to the
effects or possible effects?
What do people do to
get the issue
addressed?
How is the issue
addressed?
Environmental Health
Science Model
(revised for One Health Approach
Reference: NIH-NIEHS Project Excite - C. Keil and M. Bisesi
Enter
Move/Change

38. Physical (Energy) Agents:
- Toxic Ionizing and
Nonionizing Radiation
- Noise
- Illumination
Chemical Agents:
- Toxic Inorganic and
Organic Elements
or Compounds
Biological Agents:
- Infectious, Allergenic,
or Intoxicating Organisms
EXTERNAL
EXPOSURE
EFFECTS
INTERNAL
EXPOSURE
Human Health
&
Animal Health
Psychological Agents:
- Distress

39. Dr. Michael S. Bisesi
One Health Approach Improved Global Health
Environmental Health Sciences
Environmental Quality:
Control pathogen and
toxicant contamination of
air, water, soil and food;
and, related exposures to
humans and animals

40. Brazilian Experience in
One Health: ICOPHAI - One
Health for Sustainable
Development
Mateus Matiuzzi
Federal University of São
Francisco
Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil

41. Brazil
http://blogs.estadao.com.br/

42. • Tuberculosis
• Malaria
• Infectious diarrhea
• Rabies
• Leishmaniasis
• Chagas Diseases
• Dengue
• Leptospirosis
• Schistosomiasis
Zoonosis and Vector Borne
Diseases

43. Organizing Partners
Sponsors

44. Participants
• 275 researchers were enrolled from more
than 40 countries;
• 55 in the pre-congress activities,
• Scientists
• Ministries/ Policy-Makers
• Intergovernmental Organizations- FAO
• Ungraduate students,
• Post-graduate students
• Professionals

45. Subjects
Pre-Congress (August, 11 to 14 of 2013):
Molecular Epidemiology and Applications in
Foodborne, Nosocomial and Vector-borne
Infectious Diseases of Global Significance

46. Congress (August, 14 to 17 of 2013): One
Health for Sustainable Development

47. • ONE HEALTH AND META-LEADERSHIP:
CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS
• VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOSES AND IMPACT ON
PUBLIC HEALTH
• EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THE
ROLE OF WILDLIFE
• DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND ANTIMICROBIAL
RESISTANCE
• FOODBORNE AND WATERBORNE DISEASES
• GENOMICS AND MOLECULAR DETECTION
SYSTEMS
• ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND GLOBAL IMPACT
• IMMUNOLOGY, HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTION
AND VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
Thematic areas

48. Scientific Presentations
301 Abstracts
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Oral
Pôster

49. 3rd ICOPHAI- Thailand
Countries with Abstracts
Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Brazil, Cameroon,
Canada, Chad, Colombia, Cote D’ Ivoire, Ethiopia,
France, Gabon, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan,
Kenya, Nigeria, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi
Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Tunisia, Uganda and United States of
America

50. Thematic areas
1. One Health and Meta-Leadership
2. Vector-borne; Emerging Zoonoses and Wildlife
3. Antimicrobial alternatives, Drug Development and
Resistance
4. Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases
5. Genomics and Rapid Detection Systems
6. Immunology and Vaccine Development

51. Opportunities
• Multidisciplinarity
• Government agencies

53. Ohio State-Ethiopia One Health Partnership

54. Social work
Business
Engineering
Pharmacy
Optometry
Dentistry
Ohio State Partners

55. Capable professionals, healthy public!

56. Capacity Building TrainingService LearningResearch- MERS

57. Innovation
Zoonotic TB- Rapid Diagnostics
Control
Sample
5+ 5+ 5+ 5+ 5+ 4+ 3+ 2+ 1+ 0 0
200100
50
10
5
1
0.5
0.10.050.010.0050.001
0.00050.0001
0
0
1
2
3
Spiked M.tb H37Rv LAM (mg/ml)
SampleBandInt
D
Sample Band
Intensity:
+
++
+++
++++
+++++
0
1
2
3
4
5
Urine Spiked LAM
(0.005mg/ml)
SampleBandIntensity
Rv Ra Erd 878
No a-mannosidase
a-mannosidase
Rv Ra Erd
/ +
878
- / + a-mannosidase
Control
Sample
- / + - / + - / +
200100
50
10
5
1
0.5
0.10.050.010.0050.001
0.00050.0001
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Spiked M.tb H37Rv LAM (mg/ml)
B
SampleBandIntensity
Detection as low as 500 pg/ml (1+)
Sample Band
Intensity:
+
++
+++
++++
+++++
Spiked LAM
05mg/ml)
a Erd 878
No a-mannosidase
a-mannosidase
A B
SampleBandIntensity
SampleBandIntensity
C
SampleBandIntensity

58. Implementation- Rabies

59. Mutually-Beneficial Partnership

60. Outreach and Resource Stewardship
for cancer screening and treatment access

61. Technology
efficient and transformative partnership

62. Challenges
The
Silo effect
Impact
v.
Revenue
Need
v.
Infrastructure