The document describes a hydraulic hydro storage system that stores energy by pumping water into an underground cavity, lifting a rock cylinder and storing potential energy. When energy prices are high, the storage discharges through a power converter. Key advantages are large storage capacities over 1000GWh with known technologies at a cost that drops significantly with increasing radius. The system uses no chemicals and has a small surface footprint with minimal environmental impact.
Ocean renewable energy storage (ORES) systemDileep V Raj
This document proposes an Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES) system to store energy from offshore wind farms underwater. The system uses large concrete spheres anchored to the seafloor that can act as moorings for floating wind turbines. Energy is stored by pumping water out of the spheres into the pressure of the deep ocean, and released by allowing the water to flow back in through turbines. Analysis shows the system could economically store energy from over 20% of US electricity demand and provide reliable wind power to the grid. The spheres also create artificial reefs and synergistic benefits for fisheries.
Tidal energy harnesses the potential energy of ocean tides and converts it into electricity. There are three main types of tidal generators: tidal stream generators, dynamic tidal power systems, and tidal barrages. Tidal barrages capture potential energy by trapping water behind barriers that is then released through turbines. While large amounts of power can be generated with minimal emissions, tidal barrages require high upfront costs and can significantly impact marine environments and sediment flows. The Gulf of Kutch and Gulf of Cambay in India have significant tidal ranges and potential for tidal energy development.
Tidal energy is a renewable form of energy generated from tides. There are two main methods - tidal barrages which use dams across estuaries to capture potential energy from tides, and tidal stream generators which capture kinetic energy from moving water using underwater turbines similar to wind turbines. While tidal energy has advantages of being predictable and having high energy density, challenges include high construction costs, limited suitable locations, and impacts on aquatic environments.
The document discusses tidal fences as a method for harvesting tidal energy. A tidal fence consists of tidal turbines mounted in a row across tidal channels. Each turbine is attached to a vertical shaft that spins a generator to produce electricity from tidal currents. The document discusses the potential of tidal fences, environmental impacts, and locations where tidal fences have been implemented or considered, such as the United Kingdom, Scotland, Canada, South Korea, and France. The United Kingdom is identified as having strong potential for tidal power due to an estimated 50.2 TW h/yr that could be generated from tidal plants.
The document discusses tidal energy production from the moon's gravitational pull. Tidal energy has the potential to generate 3000 gigawatts globally but requires a tide height difference of at least 5 meters, found in only 40 sites worldwide. First generation "barrage" tidal power plants work by containing water after high tide and releasing it through turbines at low tide. Second generation designs eliminate the need for barrages and allow energy production on both ebbing and surging tides from tidal stream turbines. While tidal energy has advantages of being renewable, predictable and pollution-free, present technologies are costly to build and maintain and the resource is not fully developed.
This presentation discusses tidal power and Abhay Ocean's work in the area. It begins with an introduction to Abhay Ocean and its experience in offshore construction. It then covers topics like the advantages of tidal power, potential tidal power sites in India like the Gulf of Kutch, the technology of tidal turbines, environmental impacts, and India's potential for tidal power development. The presentation provides an overview of tidal power technologies and Abhay Ocean's vision to help India utilize its tidal energy resources.
Tidal energy harnesses the potential energy of tides to generate electricity. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the earth's oceans. A tidal power plant consists of a dam or barrage to impound tidal waters, sluice gates to control water flow, and a powerhouse containing turbines linked to generators. Tidal power is a renewable source of energy that produces predictable power without pollution, but has high construction costs and requires suitable coastal locations with adequate tidal ranges.
Ocean renewable energy storage (ORES) systemDileep V Raj
This document proposes an Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES) system to store energy from offshore wind farms underwater. The system uses large concrete spheres anchored to the seafloor that can act as moorings for floating wind turbines. Energy is stored by pumping water out of the spheres into the pressure of the deep ocean, and released by allowing the water to flow back in through turbines. Analysis shows the system could economically store energy from over 20% of US electricity demand and provide reliable wind power to the grid. The spheres also create artificial reefs and synergistic benefits for fisheries.
Tidal energy harnesses the potential energy of ocean tides and converts it into electricity. There are three main types of tidal generators: tidal stream generators, dynamic tidal power systems, and tidal barrages. Tidal barrages capture potential energy by trapping water behind barriers that is then released through turbines. While large amounts of power can be generated with minimal emissions, tidal barrages require high upfront costs and can significantly impact marine environments and sediment flows. The Gulf of Kutch and Gulf of Cambay in India have significant tidal ranges and potential for tidal energy development.
Tidal energy is a renewable form of energy generated from tides. There are two main methods - tidal barrages which use dams across estuaries to capture potential energy from tides, and tidal stream generators which capture kinetic energy from moving water using underwater turbines similar to wind turbines. While tidal energy has advantages of being predictable and having high energy density, challenges include high construction costs, limited suitable locations, and impacts on aquatic environments.
The document discusses tidal fences as a method for harvesting tidal energy. A tidal fence consists of tidal turbines mounted in a row across tidal channels. Each turbine is attached to a vertical shaft that spins a generator to produce electricity from tidal currents. The document discusses the potential of tidal fences, environmental impacts, and locations where tidal fences have been implemented or considered, such as the United Kingdom, Scotland, Canada, South Korea, and France. The United Kingdom is identified as having strong potential for tidal power due to an estimated 50.2 TW h/yr that could be generated from tidal plants.
The document discusses tidal energy production from the moon's gravitational pull. Tidal energy has the potential to generate 3000 gigawatts globally but requires a tide height difference of at least 5 meters, found in only 40 sites worldwide. First generation "barrage" tidal power plants work by containing water after high tide and releasing it through turbines at low tide. Second generation designs eliminate the need for barrages and allow energy production on both ebbing and surging tides from tidal stream turbines. While tidal energy has advantages of being renewable, predictable and pollution-free, present technologies are costly to build and maintain and the resource is not fully developed.
This presentation discusses tidal power and Abhay Ocean's work in the area. It begins with an introduction to Abhay Ocean and its experience in offshore construction. It then covers topics like the advantages of tidal power, potential tidal power sites in India like the Gulf of Kutch, the technology of tidal turbines, environmental impacts, and India's potential for tidal power development. The presentation provides an overview of tidal power technologies and Abhay Ocean's vision to help India utilize its tidal energy resources.
Tidal energy harnesses the potential energy of tides to generate electricity. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the earth's oceans. A tidal power plant consists of a dam or barrage to impound tidal waters, sluice gates to control water flow, and a powerhouse containing turbines linked to generators. Tidal power is a renewable source of energy that produces predictable power without pollution, but has high construction costs and requires suitable coastal locations with adequate tidal ranges.
Tidal energy can be harnessed by constructing dams or barrages between tidal basins and the sea. During high tide, seawater fills the basin through sluice gates and turbines. During low tide, the water flows back to the sea through the turbines, turning them to generate electricity. There are different types of tidal power plants based on the number of basins and generation cycles. Single basin one-way plants generate power during ebb tides only, while double basin plants alternate generation between two basins to provide continuous power. Tidal energy is a renewable source but has high capital costs and generation varies with tidal patterns.
Tidal power plants harness the energy of tides by using structures like tidal barrages and tidal turbines. There are two main types of tidal power plants: single basin and double basin. The document outlines the working of tidal power plants, examples from around the world including in India, and discusses their advantages in being pollution free and having no fuel costs, as well as disadvantages like high capital costs and potential effects on marine life. It also notes tidal power is practically inexhaustible due to its source being gravitational interactions between celestial bodies.
This document discusses tidal power and tidal energy generation. It begins with an introduction to tidal power and the causes of tides. It then describes the different types of tides and tidal barrages used in tidal power plants. The main parts of a tidal power plant including the barrage, sluice gates, and turbine generators are explained. Advantages like being renewable and efficient and disadvantages like high costs and environmental impacts are highlighted. Major tidal power plants currently operating in the world are briefly mentioned. The future potential of tidal energy is discussed in the conclusion.
Explains how energy from tides is produce and mechanically obtained. A practical application of Hydraulic Machines. After reading this you will be able to understand the tidal energy, waves, and ways we use to obtain energy or generate electricity practically.
This document provides an overview of tidal energy and methods for generating electricity from tides. It discusses how tides are caused by gravitational interactions between the Earth, Moon, and Sun. Tidal energy can be harnessed via tidal barrages, tidal fences, tidal lagoons, or tidal turbines. Barrages trap water in a basin during high tide to power turbines on the ebb and flood. Tidal fences and lagoons use vertical-axis turbines. Tidal turbines are placed in fast-moving tidal currents. The document also examines types of tides, tidal power station components, energy conversion methods, and equations for calculating tidal energy potential.
Hydroelectric power harnesses the gravitational potential energy of flowing or falling water to generate electricity. It works by water turning turbines that are connected to generators. There are several types including dams, pumped storage, and run-of-river. Hydroelectricity provides flexible, renewable energy but depends on consistent water flow and can disrupt wildlife. While having low operating costs, hydroelectric plants can cause environmental damage if not properly maintained.
Tidal energy has potential prospects in Pakistan due to its tidal processes. Tidal energy exploits the movement of water caused by tidal currents and rise/fall of sea levels, which can power turbines. Pakistan has suitable sites like the Indus Delta creek system and Korangi/Sir Creeks, which see high tidal fluctuations of 2-5 meters that could produce 1100KW of power. Developing tidal energy plants could boost the socio-economics of coastal communities and help overcome Pakistan's energy shortage, though it cannot fulfill all demand and more research is needed to reduce costs.
Tidal energy harnesses the power of ocean tides to generate electricity. It has advantages of being a renewable source that produces no greenhouse gases or waste once constructed. However, suitable tidal sites are limited and tidal power is only available for around 10 hours per day. The closest tidal power plant is the Annapolis Tidal Power Station in Nova Scotia. Tidal energy does not contribute to global warming as it releases no pollutants, but constructing large tidal plants can cost up to $48 billion. Tidal power costs a comparable 5-8 cents per kilowatt hour to generate as oil.
Hydroelectricity is a renewable way to generate electricity without burning fossil fuels by harnessing the kinetic energy of flowing water using dams. Dams are built across rivers to form reservoirs; water is then released through turbines to generate electricity. Major hydroelectric dams exist around the world, including the Hoover Dam in the United States. While hydroelectricity has advantages like low operating costs, dams can also negatively impact animal habitats and come with high construction costs.
This document discusses tidal power and provides details about how it works. It describes two types of tidal power facilities: tidal barrages and tidal current turbines. Tidal barrages utilize potential energy by building dams across estuaries and bays, while tidal current turbines capture the kinetic energy of moving water using underwater turbines similar to wind turbines. The document outlines some of the first tidal power plants built, including one in France from 1960-1966, and provides advantages like predictability and efficiency, and disadvantages like high construction costs and potential environmental impacts.
Tidal energy harnesses the movement of tides to generate electricity. Early tidal power plants used barrages to contain water after high tide, releasing it through turbines to power generators. Newer tidal stream technologies place turbines directly in tidal currents, allowing energy production on both ebbing and surging tides. While tidal energy has the advantages of predictability and zero emissions, development has been limited by high costs and potential environmental impacts.
This document provides an overview of clean tidal power technologies, including their economics and environmental effects. It discusses two main tidal power methods - barrage systems that utilize tidal differences to power turbines, and tidal stream technologies that extract kinetic energy from moving water. While tidal power is renewable and predictable, its major drawbacks are high upfront costs to build infrastructure and potential negative environmental impacts. Barrage systems in particular can disrupt tidal flows and harm marine life. However, the document notes tidal power's competitiveness on cost once built, and that environmental effects are site-specific. It concludes that further turbine design advances could help lower costs and minimize impacts of tidal stream technologies.
This document summarizes different methods of tidal energy generation including tidal barrages, tidal stream generators, dynamic tidal power, and tidal lagoons. It discusses their basic operations, advantages, and disadvantages. Global tidal energy production is currently very low, but some countries like France and South Korea have larger tidal energy facilities that provide power for thousands of homes. While tidal energy is clean and predictable, its infrastructure is very expensive and viable locations are limited.
The document discusses tidal power as a renewable energy source. It begins with an introduction that explains tidal power is generated from the motion of the Earth-Moon system and can be captured via barrages or tidal current systems. While costly to implement, tidal power plants have durability over 100 years with relatively low operating costs. A case study of Poland found opportunities in access to the Baltic Sea but also threats from an unstable political situation and lack of long-term energy vision. The document concludes tidal energy is predictable but current technology has severe environmental impacts, though development may reduce costs and effects on ocean life.
The Sihwa Tidal Power Plant project in South Korea involved constructing a 254MW tidal power plant using 10 turbines along the Sihwa Tide Embankment to generate electricity from the tidal changes in Sihwa Lake. The goals of the project were to develop renewable energy supplies, improve water quality in Sihwa Lake, reduce annual oil consumption by 862,000 barrels and lower CO2 emissions by 315,000 tons. The project was completed between 2003-2010 at a cost of US$355.1 million.
Tidal energy harnesses the power of ocean tides and converts it into electricity. There are two main types of tidal power plants - tidal barrages and tidal stream generators. Tidal barrages use dams and turbines across tidal estuaries and bays to capture potential energy from high and low tides. Tidal stream generators are underwater turbines similar to wind turbines that capture kinetic energy directly from moving tidal currents. While tidal power is a renewable source with predictable generation, the construction of tidal plants can be costly and impact aquatic environments. However, some countries like France and South Korea have operational tidal power stations, and India is exploring developing tidal power in the Gulf of Kutch.
This document discusses tidal power generation. It describes the different types of tides and methods for generating tidal energy, including tidal stream generators, tidal barrages, dynamic tidal power, and tidal lagoons. It also discusses tidal turbines, present tidal power plants worldwide, environmental concerns, and advantages of tidal power. The key methods discussed are tidal barrages, which use dams to capture potential energy of tides, and tidal turbines, which resemble wind turbines and can be placed in tidal currents. Environmental concerns include impacts on estuary ecosystems and risks to fish.
This document discusses sea water cooling towers. It provides an overview of why industries use sea water cooling systems, the typical infrastructure requirements like intake structures and piping, and the main types of cooling including once-through and evaporative cooling. It also describes advantages of circular cooling towers like lower costs and maintenance needs compared to mechanical draft towers. The case study of Jubail Industrial City in Saudi Arabia outlines the large-scale sea water cooling system used to provide cooling to multiple industrial plants.
Dams and reservoirs provide many benefits but require careful geological investigation and design. Dams are typically classified by their design as gravity, arch, buttress or embankment dams. Proper site selection is important, considering factors like foundation stability and permeability. Past dam failures show the importance of understanding rock structures, weathering, and seismic activity. Reservoirs are categorized as storage, flood control or distribution based on their purpose. Geological studies of reservoir areas examine topography, groundwater conditions, permeability, and rock stability to ensure safe water storage and minimize leakage or sedimentation over time.
Tidal energy can be harnessed by constructing dams or barrages between tidal basins and the sea. During high tide, seawater fills the basin through sluice gates and turbines. During low tide, the water flows back to the sea through the turbines, turning them to generate electricity. There are different types of tidal power plants based on the number of basins and generation cycles. Single basin one-way plants generate power during ebb tides only, while double basin plants alternate generation between two basins to provide continuous power. Tidal energy is a renewable source but has high capital costs and generation varies with tidal patterns.
Tidal power plants harness the energy of tides by using structures like tidal barrages and tidal turbines. There are two main types of tidal power plants: single basin and double basin. The document outlines the working of tidal power plants, examples from around the world including in India, and discusses their advantages in being pollution free and having no fuel costs, as well as disadvantages like high capital costs and potential effects on marine life. It also notes tidal power is practically inexhaustible due to its source being gravitational interactions between celestial bodies.
This document discusses tidal power and tidal energy generation. It begins with an introduction to tidal power and the causes of tides. It then describes the different types of tides and tidal barrages used in tidal power plants. The main parts of a tidal power plant including the barrage, sluice gates, and turbine generators are explained. Advantages like being renewable and efficient and disadvantages like high costs and environmental impacts are highlighted. Major tidal power plants currently operating in the world are briefly mentioned. The future potential of tidal energy is discussed in the conclusion.
Explains how energy from tides is produce and mechanically obtained. A practical application of Hydraulic Machines. After reading this you will be able to understand the tidal energy, waves, and ways we use to obtain energy or generate electricity practically.
This document provides an overview of tidal energy and methods for generating electricity from tides. It discusses how tides are caused by gravitational interactions between the Earth, Moon, and Sun. Tidal energy can be harnessed via tidal barrages, tidal fences, tidal lagoons, or tidal turbines. Barrages trap water in a basin during high tide to power turbines on the ebb and flood. Tidal fences and lagoons use vertical-axis turbines. Tidal turbines are placed in fast-moving tidal currents. The document also examines types of tides, tidal power station components, energy conversion methods, and equations for calculating tidal energy potential.
Hydroelectric power harnesses the gravitational potential energy of flowing or falling water to generate electricity. It works by water turning turbines that are connected to generators. There are several types including dams, pumped storage, and run-of-river. Hydroelectricity provides flexible, renewable energy but depends on consistent water flow and can disrupt wildlife. While having low operating costs, hydroelectric plants can cause environmental damage if not properly maintained.
Tidal energy has potential prospects in Pakistan due to its tidal processes. Tidal energy exploits the movement of water caused by tidal currents and rise/fall of sea levels, which can power turbines. Pakistan has suitable sites like the Indus Delta creek system and Korangi/Sir Creeks, which see high tidal fluctuations of 2-5 meters that could produce 1100KW of power. Developing tidal energy plants could boost the socio-economics of coastal communities and help overcome Pakistan's energy shortage, though it cannot fulfill all demand and more research is needed to reduce costs.
Tidal energy harnesses the power of ocean tides to generate electricity. It has advantages of being a renewable source that produces no greenhouse gases or waste once constructed. However, suitable tidal sites are limited and tidal power is only available for around 10 hours per day. The closest tidal power plant is the Annapolis Tidal Power Station in Nova Scotia. Tidal energy does not contribute to global warming as it releases no pollutants, but constructing large tidal plants can cost up to $48 billion. Tidal power costs a comparable 5-8 cents per kilowatt hour to generate as oil.
Hydroelectricity is a renewable way to generate electricity without burning fossil fuels by harnessing the kinetic energy of flowing water using dams. Dams are built across rivers to form reservoirs; water is then released through turbines to generate electricity. Major hydroelectric dams exist around the world, including the Hoover Dam in the United States. While hydroelectricity has advantages like low operating costs, dams can also negatively impact animal habitats and come with high construction costs.
This document discusses tidal power and provides details about how it works. It describes two types of tidal power facilities: tidal barrages and tidal current turbines. Tidal barrages utilize potential energy by building dams across estuaries and bays, while tidal current turbines capture the kinetic energy of moving water using underwater turbines similar to wind turbines. The document outlines some of the first tidal power plants built, including one in France from 1960-1966, and provides advantages like predictability and efficiency, and disadvantages like high construction costs and potential environmental impacts.
Tidal energy harnesses the movement of tides to generate electricity. Early tidal power plants used barrages to contain water after high tide, releasing it through turbines to power generators. Newer tidal stream technologies place turbines directly in tidal currents, allowing energy production on both ebbing and surging tides. While tidal energy has the advantages of predictability and zero emissions, development has been limited by high costs and potential environmental impacts.
This document provides an overview of clean tidal power technologies, including their economics and environmental effects. It discusses two main tidal power methods - barrage systems that utilize tidal differences to power turbines, and tidal stream technologies that extract kinetic energy from moving water. While tidal power is renewable and predictable, its major drawbacks are high upfront costs to build infrastructure and potential negative environmental impacts. Barrage systems in particular can disrupt tidal flows and harm marine life. However, the document notes tidal power's competitiveness on cost once built, and that environmental effects are site-specific. It concludes that further turbine design advances could help lower costs and minimize impacts of tidal stream technologies.
This document summarizes different methods of tidal energy generation including tidal barrages, tidal stream generators, dynamic tidal power, and tidal lagoons. It discusses their basic operations, advantages, and disadvantages. Global tidal energy production is currently very low, but some countries like France and South Korea have larger tidal energy facilities that provide power for thousands of homes. While tidal energy is clean and predictable, its infrastructure is very expensive and viable locations are limited.
The document discusses tidal power as a renewable energy source. It begins with an introduction that explains tidal power is generated from the motion of the Earth-Moon system and can be captured via barrages or tidal current systems. While costly to implement, tidal power plants have durability over 100 years with relatively low operating costs. A case study of Poland found opportunities in access to the Baltic Sea but also threats from an unstable political situation and lack of long-term energy vision. The document concludes tidal energy is predictable but current technology has severe environmental impacts, though development may reduce costs and effects on ocean life.
The Sihwa Tidal Power Plant project in South Korea involved constructing a 254MW tidal power plant using 10 turbines along the Sihwa Tide Embankment to generate electricity from the tidal changes in Sihwa Lake. The goals of the project were to develop renewable energy supplies, improve water quality in Sihwa Lake, reduce annual oil consumption by 862,000 barrels and lower CO2 emissions by 315,000 tons. The project was completed between 2003-2010 at a cost of US$355.1 million.
Tidal energy harnesses the power of ocean tides and converts it into electricity. There are two main types of tidal power plants - tidal barrages and tidal stream generators. Tidal barrages use dams and turbines across tidal estuaries and bays to capture potential energy from high and low tides. Tidal stream generators are underwater turbines similar to wind turbines that capture kinetic energy directly from moving tidal currents. While tidal power is a renewable source with predictable generation, the construction of tidal plants can be costly and impact aquatic environments. However, some countries like France and South Korea have operational tidal power stations, and India is exploring developing tidal power in the Gulf of Kutch.
This document discusses tidal power generation. It describes the different types of tides and methods for generating tidal energy, including tidal stream generators, tidal barrages, dynamic tidal power, and tidal lagoons. It also discusses tidal turbines, present tidal power plants worldwide, environmental concerns, and advantages of tidal power. The key methods discussed are tidal barrages, which use dams to capture potential energy of tides, and tidal turbines, which resemble wind turbines and can be placed in tidal currents. Environmental concerns include impacts on estuary ecosystems and risks to fish.
This document discusses sea water cooling towers. It provides an overview of why industries use sea water cooling systems, the typical infrastructure requirements like intake structures and piping, and the main types of cooling including once-through and evaporative cooling. It also describes advantages of circular cooling towers like lower costs and maintenance needs compared to mechanical draft towers. The case study of Jubail Industrial City in Saudi Arabia outlines the large-scale sea water cooling system used to provide cooling to multiple industrial plants.
Dams and reservoirs provide many benefits but require careful geological investigation and design. Dams are typically classified by their design as gravity, arch, buttress or embankment dams. Proper site selection is important, considering factors like foundation stability and permeability. Past dam failures show the importance of understanding rock structures, weathering, and seismic activity. Reservoirs are categorized as storage, flood control or distribution based on their purpose. Geological studies of reservoir areas examine topography, groundwater conditions, permeability, and rock stability to ensure safe water storage and minimize leakage or sedimentation over time.
Developing smart drilling fluids that can adapt to harsh downhole conditions with extreme pressures and temperatures over 7,000 meters deep is challenging. Drilling fluid must maintain stable density and rheology at these conditions while transporting cuttings and cooling drill bits. Improved rheological models and hydraulics modeling are needed to better predict downhole pressure and optimize fluid properties. Additives also need to be developed that can withstand the hostile environments encountered during deep drilling.
The hydraulic hydro energy storage system can store a whole day of the electricity of a country like Germany.
It uses only conventional turbine techniques and has a very low land usage. The price per kWh is an order below known systems like pumped hydro power. But see the details!
This document provides a summary of a minor project report on hydro power. It discusses the history and types of hydro power plants. It describes the basic components and working of hydro power plants including dams, water reservoirs, turbines and generators. It presents a case study of the Hirakund Dam located in India, describing its structure, power generation and key features. It also lists some advantages like no fuel requirement and disadvantages like high capital costs and environmental disruption.
This document provides information about Crownswear's third generation soft drain hose product. It describes the hose's layered structure, materials used including high carbon steel wire and polyester fibers, and advantages over other drain pipes. The document also outlines suitable applications, installation methods, and testing properties of the drain hose.
This document provides information about Crownswear's third generation soft drain hose product. It describes the hose's layered structure, materials used including high carbon steel wire and polyester fibers, and advantages over other drain pipes. The document also outlines suitable applications, installation methods, and testing properties of the drain hose.
This document discusses reservoir sedimentation and methods for managing sediment in reservoirs. It begins by describing physical processes in watersheds like weathering, erosion, and sediment yield. Methods for estimating sediment yield in a watershed are then presented. The document outlines three forms of sediment transport in rivers and describes depositional zones in reservoirs. Consequences of reservoir sedimentation include loss of storage capacity. Elements of sediment management include reducing sediment inflow, routing sediments, removal of deposited sediments, providing large storage volumes, and sediment placement. Case studies on sediment routing at the Three Gorges Dam and the Sanmenxia Key Water Control Project in China are also summarized.
This document provides the design calculations and requirements for upgrading the cathodic protection system for an existing gas pipeline and three new LPG product pipelines in Vietnam. An impressed current cathodic protection system using titanium anodes will be installed to supplement the pipeline coatings and provide corrosion control. Soil resistivity measurements along the pipeline route indicate aggressive soil that justifies an effective groundbed for cathodic protection. The design calls for a 30-year life, 30 mA/m2 current density, 95% coating efficiency, and 850mV negative potential criteria. Calculations determine the necessary cathodic protection current, number of anodes, and estimated groundbed resistance at two station locations along the pipelines.
The document summarizes hydroelectric power, including its history, types, components, working principles, and the case study of the Hirakund Dam in India. Hydropower harnesses the kinetic energy of flowing water to generate electricity. It has been used for over 2000 years and provides renewable, large-scale power. The document describes various types of hydro plants and components like dams, reservoirs, turbines and generators. It also discusses advantages like no emissions but disadvantages like ecosystem disruption.
This document provides information about Prathyusha Powergen Pvt Ltd, a 10MW biomass power plant located in Hyderabad, India. It discusses the plant's geographical location, raw material sourcing practices, industry advantages of biomass power, plant and machinery details, involvement in clean development mechanisms, and support from associated firms. The plant generates electricity from woody biomass waste available in the region in a sustainable way.
Dams and Reservoirs -Hydraulics engineeringCivil Zone
Dams are barriers built across rivers or streams to control water flow for uses like irrigation, hydropower, and flood control. The main types are embankment dams made of earth or rock and concrete dams like gravity, arch, and buttress dams. Dams provide benefits like irrigation, power, flood control, and recreation but can also negatively impact river ecosystems and require relocation of people. Engineers consider factors like geology, material availability, and hydrology to select the optimal dam type and site for a given project. Ancillary structures like spillways and outlets control water release.
This document summarizes key considerations for conducting environmental due diligence on solar photovoltaic projects, including:
1) Conducting Phase I and II environmental site assessments to identify contamination risks and liabilities but also other regulatory issues;
2) Identifying natural environment issues like wildlife habitats, special species, and water needs early in planning to avoid costly redesigns later;
3) Evaluating impacts to cultural and historic resources through surveys and agency consultation.
The document provides an overview of AEP's Mountaineer Commercial Scale Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS II) Project Phase I and lessons learned. Key points include: (1) The project aimed to demonstrate Alstom's Chilled Ammonia Process CO2 capture technology and deep saline CO2 storage at commercial scale. (2) Technical challenges included integrating the capture system with the existing power plant and variable coal supply, and managing water from the capture process. (3) Lessons involved selection of anhydrous ammonia as the reagent, exhaust stack options, water management approaches, steam sourcing for the capture system, and using variable speed pumping for CO2 compression and injection.
This document describes various equipment used in deepwater drilling rigs and equipment selection. It discusses components of the drilling riser system such as the diverter, spider/gimbal, flex joints, tensioning ring, and their functions. It provides information on riser connectors and coupling classes. Components below the riser like the BOP connector and wellhead connector are also outlined. Technical specifications for items like pressure rating, load capacity, and angular deflection of flex joints are provided.
Similar to Hydraulic Hydro Storage, Energy Storage Forum 2012 Rome (16)
2. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Operation Principle
power grid r
E~r4
2r
connect
power hmax=r
capacity
converter
o Water is pumped into a subsurface cavity, using cheap electrical power
o The rock cylinder is lifted by hydraulic forces
o The storage is discharged when the energy price is high, using a power converter
3. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Physical Properties
r mass ~ r³
maximum heigth ~ r
l=2r
storage capacity:
h=r
E = 2 π g ρ * r4
surface ~ cost ~ r²
advantage cost per kWh capacity ~ 1/r²
4. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Construction
construction
road
1kr
2
m
1. tunnel mine shaft
2. tunnel
base tunnel,
water intake
5. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
base plate seperation
mined space
waterproofing
base-tunnel excavated 2. tunnel
exca-
material vator
waterproofing
side view
6. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
base plate seperation
base-tunnel
cutted
excavated rock
material
rock
exca-
vator
2. tunnel
top view!
7. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
base plate seperation
base plate seperated
zylinder is monted on a ballast bed
waterproofing
base-tunnel excavated 2. tunnel
material
waterproofing
side view
9. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Diamond wire sawing
surface drilling holes
traction
rock
cut surface
r Diamond
wire saw
1. tunnel
side view
10. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
utility
tunnel
Due to rock mechanics,
it is neccessary to cut a
V-shaped trench
sawing string
rock mass
utility
tunnel
boulder
side view
11. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
utility
tunnel
trench will get smaler
due to rock pressure
geo-
membrane
every surface is sealed
using geomembrane rock mass
utility
tunnel
side view
12. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Sealing and Securing
rock securing
sealing ring
metal
floating piston
Sealing
to keep cylinder
rock dry capacity filled
with water
13. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Sealing O-ring
steel
steel pin joint with
cover
cover steel sensor
rock mass wa
te
rp
re podest
ss
ur
e
seal
piston
14. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Setup: multi O-ring sealing
rock
v
podest
pressure: 10 Bar per O-ring
pressure: 10 Bar per O-ring v
v
piston
15. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Safety
There should be systems, that stop a leakage by physical means
self inflating
in case of 1. backup
water contact sealing ring
floating piston
blocking in
case of high 2. backup
flow cylinder sealing ring
capacity filled
with water
17. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Technical and Financial Data*
Radius [m] 62,5 125 250 500
storage capacity [GWh] 0,5 7 100 1600
pressure [Bar] 25 50 100 200
Investment² [Mio. €] 40 112 400 1800
Investment
per kWh [€] 80 16 4 1
value of one loaded
system 100€/MWh [Mio. 12 200
€] 0,05 0,800
ROI [# of cycles] 800 140 33 9
*figures rounded
²invest does not include pumping system
18. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
Advantage
storage capacity beyond 1000 GWh visible
efficiency: 80% known value
no resource problem
no mountains neccessary
no enviromental problems, because no chemicals needed
only small footprint (up to 2 MWh/m²)
less water consumption than PHS (~1/4)
known technologies
price drops with 1/r²
20. Hydraulic Hydro Storage System
contact
Furtwangen University
Prof. Dr. Eduard Heindl
Robert Gerwig Platz 1
78120 Furtwangen
Germany
+49 177 2183578
hed@hs-furtwangen.de
www.hydraulic-hydro-storage.com