Energy is the ability to do work or cause change and there are different types, the most important being kinetic and potential energy. Kinetic energy is related to motion and calculated using the formula of half mass times velocity squared, while potential energy is energy that can be released to transform into kinetic energy, as stated by Newton's law of conservation of energy. This law says that energy is neither created nor destroyed, merely changed from one form to another, which is important for understanding how devices like solar panels and batteries work by transforming energy. Other types include chemical (stored in food), thermal (related to heat), and nuclear (from atomic nuclei fusion or fission).