This document discusses emergency treatment and triage. It defines an emergency as a life-threatening situation requiring immediate action. It describes an emergency classification system with levels ranging from low to high priority. It also discusses triage systems that sort patients by priority level and the types of emergency services provided both before and after hospital care. Key assessment areas for emergencies include airway, breathing, circulation, and the Glasgow Coma Scale for evaluating patient responsiveness.

1. Emergency
Treatment
By
Akhmad Ivan Zulkarnaen, S.S.,M.Li

2.  TRIAGE SYSTEM
 DEFINITION EMERGENCY TREATHMENT
 EMERGENCY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
 EMERGENCY SERVICE
 AIRWAY, BREATHING AND CIRCULATOIN ASSESSMENT
OF EMERGENCIES
 GLASGO COMA SCALE ( GCS )

3. DEFINITION OF
EMERGENCY
Emergency is a condition that is considered life threatening,
while emergency conditions are conditions that need to get
treatment or immediate action to eliminate the life threat faced
with victim. In short, emergency is a life-threatening situation
and immediate action must be taken to avoid disability and even
death (Law No. 44, 2009).

4. EMERGENCY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
ALPHA (low priority)
BRAVO (medium priority)
CHARLIE (requires continued life
support)
DELTA OR ECHO(high priority,
requires support Advanced Life
maximum priority such as Code Blue)
02
03
04
01

5. Red Triage
The patient requires
immediate treatment due to a
life -threatening illness
or disability
Triage System
Green Triage
Intended for patients with
non-serious conditions or
no emergency and treatment
can be done after red or
yellow triage patients
Yellow Triage
Intended for patients with
stable conditions but
requiring close supervision,
although treatment can be
temporarily postponed
Black Triage
Intended for patients who
come to the ER in a
deceased condition

6. Emergency Services
Pre – Hospital
Triage or select and determine
emergency conditions and provide
first aid before more skilled health
workers come to help
In Hospital
Provide Basic Living Assistance
(BHD) and Advanced Living
Assistance (BHL).
Post – Hospital
Improve the perception of the reality
of his life in the future.

7. Breathing Assessment ( Pengkajian Pernapasan )
Breathing assessment is performed after airway assessment . Respiratory assessment is carried out by
means of inspection, palpation. When auscultation and percussion are required.
Airway, Breathing And Circulation Assessment Of Emergencies
Airway Assessment ( Pengkajian Jalan Napas )
Airway assessment aims to assess whether the airway is patent (loose) or has total or partial
obstruction while maintaining cervical bone.
Circulation Assessment ( Pengkajian Sirkulasi )
Circulation assessment aims to determine and assess the ability of the heart and blood vessels to pump
blood throughout the body. Circulatory assessment includes: Blood pressure; Pulse count; Acral state: cold
or warm; Cyanosis; Jugular vein dam

8. EYE
Assessment of this component of the patient's response to stimuli by opening his
or her eyes. Opening the eyes shows the patient's passion. There are 4 values
in this component:
GLASGO COMA SCALE ( GCS ) ( SKALA KOMA GLASGO )
VERBAL
This component is to assess the verbal response of the patient by asking
three orientation questions. The three questions are time (year), place
(tempai iya is located and the address is located), and person (name of
his immediate family).
MOTORIC
This component is testing the patient's best motor response to oral or
painful stimuli. The best motor responses are least affected by trauma.
This component in GCS is the most accurate indicator of predicting patient
outcomes 6. There are six values in this component

9. CONCLUSION
• Emergency Nursing is a comprehensive nursing service provided to patients with acute injury
or life-threatening illness
• Services in the emergency department are very important services to prevent death and
disability of victims. To be able to prevent death and disability of victims requires your
cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities to be able to help quickly and precisely.
One of the studies that must be mastered is the Basic Concepts and Principles of
Emergency. Triage , Airway, Breathing and Circulation assessment and basic life support for
obstructed and non-obstructive victims . These learning activities are very necessary in
providing care for emergency victims.
.

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VERY MUCH …