5. THREE ELEMENTS OF PLOT
NARRATIVE ORDER
a. Chronological – events are related in the order
of their happening.
b. Flashbacks – writer disrupts normal time
sequence to recount some past event.
6. THREE ELEMENTS OF PLOT
CONFLICT
a. Person against self – character typically faces an
internal conflict which pulls her/him toward two courses of
action.
b. Person against person – involves a struggle between a
character, or characters and either social mores, cultural
values or sometimes the law.
c. Person against nature – involves a conflict between
a character and some force or forces of nature
7. THREE ELEMENTS OF PLOT
PATTERN OF ACTION
a. Suspense – state of uncertainty about what events will
happen in the story—cliffhanger, foreshadowing, and
sensationalism.
b. Climax – peak and turning point of conflict, point at which
the reader knows the outcome of the action.
c. Denouement – resolution or tying together of the plot that
gives the reader a sense of completeness at the end.
9. TYPES OF CHARACTERS
Round Characters – fully developed in the story—central
characters and protagonists.
Flat Characters – less important characters, but essential to
the action.
Dynamic Characters – changes in the course of the action.
Static Characters – no change in the course of the action –
flat characters, stereotypes and foils (a minor character
whose traits are in direct contrast to the main character).
11. TYPES OF SETTINGS
Background Setting – setting is of secondary importance; story
focus is likely to be on characters, character confrontation, dialogue,
action and the development of conflict.
Time and place influence the action, character and/ or theme.
Characters behave in a given way because of time and place .
12. e. THEMES
The theme of a book is
its central idea; the
underlying message
the author is conveying
to the reader.
13. f. STYLE
cannot be isolated from
the words of the story,
and often style is
challenging to detect.
