Electrical thermography uses infrared cameras to detect thermal irregularities in electrical systems. It can locate faulty connections and overloads in equipment like switchgear, transformers, motors, and control cabinets. Proper maintenance strategies using thermography help prevent damage, outages, and costs from repairs. Standards and regulations govern how thermography inspections are performed to ensure safety. Factors like surface properties, reflections, and limit temperatures must be considered to obtain accurate temperature readings and properly evaluate electrical equipment conditions.
Thermography test of electrical panels Thermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panel
This ppt is made for making the topic clear. The aim is to make available content regarding thermocouple which is available on various sites. This ppt is made only for study purposes. The author doesn't claim originality of the content.
The thermocouple can be defined as a kind of temperature sensor that is used to measure the temperature at one specific point in the form of the EMF or an electric current. This sensor comprises two dissimilar metal wires that are connected together at one junction. A Thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature. Thermocouples consist of two wire legs made from different metals. The wires' legs are welded together at one end, creating a junction. The voltage can then be interpreted using thermocouple reference tables to calculate the temperature.The temperature can be measured at this junction, and the change in temperature of the metal wire stimulates the voltages. These are used as the temperature sensors in thermostats in offices, homes, offices & businesses.
These are used in industries for monitoring temperatures of metals in iron, aluminum, and metal.
These are used in the food industry for cryogenic and Low-temperature applications. Thermocouples are used as a heat pump for performing thermoelectric cooling.
These are used to test temperature in the chemical plants, petroleum plants. These are used in gas machines for detecting the pilot flame.
Thermography test of electrical panels Thermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panelThermography test of electrical panel
This ppt is made for making the topic clear. The aim is to make available content regarding thermocouple which is available on various sites. This ppt is made only for study purposes. The author doesn't claim originality of the content.
The thermocouple can be defined as a kind of temperature sensor that is used to measure the temperature at one specific point in the form of the EMF or an electric current. This sensor comprises two dissimilar metal wires that are connected together at one junction. A Thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature. Thermocouples consist of two wire legs made from different metals. The wires' legs are welded together at one end, creating a junction. The voltage can then be interpreted using thermocouple reference tables to calculate the temperature.The temperature can be measured at this junction, and the change in temperature of the metal wire stimulates the voltages. These are used as the temperature sensors in thermostats in offices, homes, offices & businesses.
These are used in industries for monitoring temperatures of metals in iron, aluminum, and metal.
These are used in the food industry for cryogenic and Low-temperature applications. Thermocouples are used as a heat pump for performing thermoelectric cooling.
These are used to test temperature in the chemical plants, petroleum plants. These are used in gas machines for detecting the pilot flame.
A thermocouple is a temperature-measuring device consisting of two dissimilar conductors that contact each other at one or more spots. It produces a voltage when the temperature of one of the spots differs from the reference temperature at other parts of the circuit.
1. THERMOCOUPLE
â Principle of Operation
â Materials Used
â Advantages
â Applications
â Comparison with RTD
â Limitations
By
AnandBongir
GirjashankarMishra
2. A thermocouple is a junction between two different metals that produces a voltage related to a temperature difference.
3. Principle of Operation
Thermocouples are based on the principle that two wires made of dissimilar materials connected at either end will generate a potential between the two ends that is a function of the materials and temperature difference between the two ends (also called the Seebeck Effect).
4. Seebeck Effect
5.
6. Materials Used
Type K:
Chromel â Alumel
⢠Range: â200 °C to +1350 °C
⢠Sensi: 41 ¾V/°C
Type J:
Iron â Constantan
⢠â40 to +750 °C
⢠55 ¾V/°C
Type E:
Chromel â Constantan
⢠401 to 900° C
⢠68 ¾V/°C
Type N:
Nicrosil â Nisil
⢠>1200 °C
⢠39 ¾V/°C
7. Advantages
It is rugged in construction
Covers a wide temperature range
Using extension leads and compensating cables, long transmission distances for temperature measurement possible. This is most suitable for temperature measurement of industrial furnaces
Comparatively cheaper in cost
Calibration can be easily checked
Offers good reproducibility
High speed of response
Satisfactory measurement accuracy
8. Limitations
For accurate temperature measurements, cold junction compensation is necessary
The emf induced versus temperature characteristics is somewhat nonlinear
Stray voltage pickup is possible
In many applications, amplification of signal is required
9. Applications
Type B, S, R and K thermocouples are used extensively in the steel and iron industries to monitor temperatures and chemistry throughout the steel making process.
Gas-fed heating appliances such as ovens & water heaters.
In the testing of prototype electrical and mechanical apparatus
Thermal Imaging in your Maintenance Program: Intermediate Infrared Concepts a...Transcat
Â
Industrial Maintenance Professionals, please join us on August 2nd for the latest Thermal Imaging best practices webinar presented by Sat Sandhu, Thermography Services Support Manager Thermal / Infrared Thermography, Level III, Fluke. View our Fluke Thermal Imager Selection Guide: http://www.transcat.com/calibration-resources/selection-guides/fluke-thermal-imager/
esistance thermometers, also called resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), are sensors used to measure temperature. Many RTD elements consist of a length of fine wire wrapped around a ceramic or glass core but other constructions are also used. The RTD wire is a pure material, typically platinum, nickel, or copper. The material has an accurate resistance/temperature relationship which is used to provide an indication of temperature. As RTD elements are fragile, they are often housed in protective probes.
Resistance thermometers are constructed in a number of forms and offer greater stability, accuracy and repeatability in some cases than thermocouples. While thermocouples use the Seebeck effect to generate a voltage, resistance thermometers use electrical resistance and require a power source to operate. The resistance ideally varies nearly linearly with temperature per the CallendarâVan Dusen equation.
The platinum detecting wire needs to be kept free of contamination to remain stable. A platinum wire or film is supported on a former in such a way that it gets minimal differential expansion or other strains from its former, yet is reasonably resistant to vibration. RTD assemblies made from iron or copper are also used in some applications. Commercial platinum grades exhibit a temperature coefficient of resistance 0.00385/°C (0.385%/°C) (European Fundamental Interval).[7] The sensor is usually made to have a resistance of 100 Ί at 0 °C. This is defined in BS EN 60751:1996 (taken from IEC 60751:1995). The American Fundamental Interval is 0.00392/°C,[8] based on using a purer grade of platinum than the European standard. The American standard is from the Scientific Apparatus Manufacturers Association (SAMA), who are no longer in this standards field. As a result, the "American standard" is hardly the standard even in the US.
Lead-wire resistance can also be a factor; adopting three- and four-wire, instead of two-wire, connections can eliminate connection-lead resistance effects from measurements (see below); three-wire connection is sufficient for most purposes and is an almost universal industrial practice. Four-wire connections are used for the most precise applications.
Partial Discharge Detection Products by EA TechnologyRyan McFallo
Â
EA Technology is the global leader in MV Partial Discharge detection. EAâs unique technology allows real time partial discharge detection and monitoring without interrupting service, EA also provides on-site partial discharge surveys.
Would you like to learn more about partial discharge detection and monitoring products/services?
Visit Technical Sales-Northwest at http://www.techsalesnw.com
Resistance Temperature Detector
WHAT IS RTD ?
WHY IS RTD USED?
Typical Design
RTD PROBE
Common Resistance materials for RTD
Advantages of RTD
Application OF RTD
Question and Answers
Usage of Platinum
PARTIAL DISCHARGES
IN TRANSFORMERS PARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERS
A Thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature. Thermocouples consist of two wire legs made from different metals. The wires legs are welded together at one end, creating a junction. This junction is where the temperature is measured. When the junction experiences a change in temperature, a voltage is created. The voltage can then be interpreted using thermocouple reference tables to calculate the temperature.
There are many types of thermocouples, each with its own unique characteristics in terms of temperature range, durability, vibration resistance, chemical resistance, and application compatibility. Type J, K, T, & E are âBase Metalâ thermocouples, the most common types of thermocouples.Type R, S, and B thermocouples are âNoble Metalâ thermocouples, which are used in high temperature applications (see thermocouple temperature ranges for details).
Thermocouples are used in many industrial, scientific, and OEM applications. They can be found in nearly all industrial markets: Power Generation, Oil/Gas, Pharmaceutical, Bio Tech, Cement, Paper & Pulp, etc. Thermocouples are also used in everyday appliances like stoves, furnaces, and toasters.
Thermocouples are typically selected because of their low cost, high temperature limits, wide temperature ranges, and durable nature.
ThermaLogix is a full-service advanced thermographic nondestructive testing (NDT) solution provider offering a complete suite of turnkey solutions ranging from field inspection services to co-located service models. We work closely with clients to develop and deploy value added solutions. Our team includes certified operators, engineers, and scientists with decades of real world experience in thermographic NDT.
katalog fluke digital multimeter, jual fluke digital multimeter, beli, info,harga, spesifikasi review.
Untuk informasi dan pemesanan hubungi :
sales@tridinamika.com
lihat produk lainnya di :
www.tridinamika.com
A thermocouple is a temperature-measuring device consisting of two dissimilar conductors that contact each other at one or more spots. It produces a voltage when the temperature of one of the spots differs from the reference temperature at other parts of the circuit.
1. THERMOCOUPLE
â Principle of Operation
â Materials Used
â Advantages
â Applications
â Comparison with RTD
â Limitations
By
AnandBongir
GirjashankarMishra
2. A thermocouple is a junction between two different metals that produces a voltage related to a temperature difference.
3. Principle of Operation
Thermocouples are based on the principle that two wires made of dissimilar materials connected at either end will generate a potential between the two ends that is a function of the materials and temperature difference between the two ends (also called the Seebeck Effect).
4. Seebeck Effect
5.
6. Materials Used
Type K:
Chromel â Alumel
⢠Range: â200 °C to +1350 °C
⢠Sensi: 41 ¾V/°C
Type J:
Iron â Constantan
⢠â40 to +750 °C
⢠55 ¾V/°C
Type E:
Chromel â Constantan
⢠401 to 900° C
⢠68 ¾V/°C
Type N:
Nicrosil â Nisil
⢠>1200 °C
⢠39 ¾V/°C
7. Advantages
It is rugged in construction
Covers a wide temperature range
Using extension leads and compensating cables, long transmission distances for temperature measurement possible. This is most suitable for temperature measurement of industrial furnaces
Comparatively cheaper in cost
Calibration can be easily checked
Offers good reproducibility
High speed of response
Satisfactory measurement accuracy
8. Limitations
For accurate temperature measurements, cold junction compensation is necessary
The emf induced versus temperature characteristics is somewhat nonlinear
Stray voltage pickup is possible
In many applications, amplification of signal is required
9. Applications
Type B, S, R and K thermocouples are used extensively in the steel and iron industries to monitor temperatures and chemistry throughout the steel making process.
Gas-fed heating appliances such as ovens & water heaters.
In the testing of prototype electrical and mechanical apparatus
Thermal Imaging in your Maintenance Program: Intermediate Infrared Concepts a...Transcat
Â
Industrial Maintenance Professionals, please join us on August 2nd for the latest Thermal Imaging best practices webinar presented by Sat Sandhu, Thermography Services Support Manager Thermal / Infrared Thermography, Level III, Fluke. View our Fluke Thermal Imager Selection Guide: http://www.transcat.com/calibration-resources/selection-guides/fluke-thermal-imager/
esistance thermometers, also called resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), are sensors used to measure temperature. Many RTD elements consist of a length of fine wire wrapped around a ceramic or glass core but other constructions are also used. The RTD wire is a pure material, typically platinum, nickel, or copper. The material has an accurate resistance/temperature relationship which is used to provide an indication of temperature. As RTD elements are fragile, they are often housed in protective probes.
Resistance thermometers are constructed in a number of forms and offer greater stability, accuracy and repeatability in some cases than thermocouples. While thermocouples use the Seebeck effect to generate a voltage, resistance thermometers use electrical resistance and require a power source to operate. The resistance ideally varies nearly linearly with temperature per the CallendarâVan Dusen equation.
The platinum detecting wire needs to be kept free of contamination to remain stable. A platinum wire or film is supported on a former in such a way that it gets minimal differential expansion or other strains from its former, yet is reasonably resistant to vibration. RTD assemblies made from iron or copper are also used in some applications. Commercial platinum grades exhibit a temperature coefficient of resistance 0.00385/°C (0.385%/°C) (European Fundamental Interval).[7] The sensor is usually made to have a resistance of 100 Ί at 0 °C. This is defined in BS EN 60751:1996 (taken from IEC 60751:1995). The American Fundamental Interval is 0.00392/°C,[8] based on using a purer grade of platinum than the European standard. The American standard is from the Scientific Apparatus Manufacturers Association (SAMA), who are no longer in this standards field. As a result, the "American standard" is hardly the standard even in the US.
Lead-wire resistance can also be a factor; adopting three- and four-wire, instead of two-wire, connections can eliminate connection-lead resistance effects from measurements (see below); three-wire connection is sufficient for most purposes and is an almost universal industrial practice. Four-wire connections are used for the most precise applications.
Partial Discharge Detection Products by EA TechnologyRyan McFallo
Â
EA Technology is the global leader in MV Partial Discharge detection. EAâs unique technology allows real time partial discharge detection and monitoring without interrupting service, EA also provides on-site partial discharge surveys.
Would you like to learn more about partial discharge detection and monitoring products/services?
Visit Technical Sales-Northwest at http://www.techsalesnw.com
Resistance Temperature Detector
WHAT IS RTD ?
WHY IS RTD USED?
Typical Design
RTD PROBE
Common Resistance materials for RTD
Advantages of RTD
Application OF RTD
Question and Answers
Usage of Platinum
PARTIAL DISCHARGES
IN TRANSFORMERS PARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERSPARTIAL DISCHARGES IN TRANSFORMERS
A Thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature. Thermocouples consist of two wire legs made from different metals. The wires legs are welded together at one end, creating a junction. This junction is where the temperature is measured. When the junction experiences a change in temperature, a voltage is created. The voltage can then be interpreted using thermocouple reference tables to calculate the temperature.
There are many types of thermocouples, each with its own unique characteristics in terms of temperature range, durability, vibration resistance, chemical resistance, and application compatibility. Type J, K, T, & E are âBase Metalâ thermocouples, the most common types of thermocouples.Type R, S, and B thermocouples are âNoble Metalâ thermocouples, which are used in high temperature applications (see thermocouple temperature ranges for details).
Thermocouples are used in many industrial, scientific, and OEM applications. They can be found in nearly all industrial markets: Power Generation, Oil/Gas, Pharmaceutical, Bio Tech, Cement, Paper & Pulp, etc. Thermocouples are also used in everyday appliances like stoves, furnaces, and toasters.
Thermocouples are typically selected because of their low cost, high temperature limits, wide temperature ranges, and durable nature.
ThermaLogix is a full-service advanced thermographic nondestructive testing (NDT) solution provider offering a complete suite of turnkey solutions ranging from field inspection services to co-located service models. We work closely with clients to develop and deploy value added solutions. Our team includes certified operators, engineers, and scientists with decades of real world experience in thermographic NDT.
katalog fluke digital multimeter, jual fluke digital multimeter, beli, info,harga, spesifikasi review.
Untuk informasi dan pemesanan hubungi :
sales@tridinamika.com
lihat produk lainnya di :
www.tridinamika.com
Infrared thermography (IR/T) as a condition monitoring technique is used to remotely gather thermal information for monitoring the condition of virtually all of the electrical components on an entire system and from generation to end user. When equipments operating under regular conditions, has a normal operating thermal signature which is typical of the specific component being inspected. Infrared thermography presents this normal signature or baseline to us. Once the baseline is established, IR/T will reveal the thermal variances deviating from the norm this localized thermal deviation can either be caused by an overheated condition or absence of heat. The information is reviewed and decisions are made for repair or to plot the temperature change over time and repair the component at a more opportune time. The information can be stored and fully analyzed at a later date providing complete computer aided predictive maintenance capabilities and trending.
Generation of Electricity training at BELDurga Singh
Â
Bajaj Hindusthan through its SPV, Bajaj Energy Limited has setup new coal based power generation plants of 90 MW each in the vicinity of 5 of its existing sugar units.
The five new coal based plants under Bajaj Energy were commissioned early 2012 at Barkhera (Pilibhit), Maqsoodapur (Shahjahanpur), Khambarkhera (Lakhimpur), Kundarkhi (Gonda), Utraula(Balrampur) in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
Pemesanan produk, hubungi PT Siwali Swantika melalui WhatsApp, Jakarta : 0811-1519-949 (chat only) | Surabaya : 0811-1519-948 (chat only). Kunjungi website kami di www.siwali.com, untuk detail informasi spesifikasi dan model alat.
Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that refers to the skill sets needed in the contemporary, advanced automated manufacturing industry. At the intersection of mechanics, electronics, and computing, mechatronics specialists create simpler, smarter systems.
Pemesanan produk, hubungi PT Siwali Swantika melalui WhatsApp, Jakarta : 0811-1519-949 (chat only) | Surabaya : 0811-1519-948 (chat only). Kunjungi website kami di www.siwali.com, untuk detail informasi spesifikasi dan model alat.
Temperature measurments and its used devices. i.e, divided into three catageory mevhanical,electrical and wireless devices used for temperature devices.
10 - Ac Power Regulators & Control Power Transformers - Fuji ElectricCTY TNHH Háş O PHĆŻĆ NG
Â
Catalog thiáşżt báť ÄĂłng cắt Fuji Electric - 10 - Ac Power Regulators & Control Power Transformers
*********************************************************************
CTY TNHH Háş O PHĆŻĆ NG - NhĂ phân pháťi chĂnh thᝊc cĂĄc thiáşżt báť Äiáťn cĂ´ng nghiáťp vĂ táťą Äáťng hĂła cᝧa hĂŁng FUJI ELECTRIC JAPAN tấi Viáťt Nam
Xem chi tiết cåc sản phẊm Fuji Electric tấi
http://haophuong.com/b1033533/fuji-electric
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
Â
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties â USA
Expansion of bot farms â how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks â Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Â
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projectsâ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, youâre in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part âEssentials of Automationâ series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Hereâs what youâll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
Weâll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Donât miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
Â
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Â
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
Â
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more âmechanicalâ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
Â
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an âinfrastructure container kubernetes guyâ, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefitâs both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
Â
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. Whatâs changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Â
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But thereâs more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, youâll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the âApproveâ button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
Butâif the âRejectâ button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Â
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Â
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Â
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
2. 2/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Introduction
Electrical thermography is used to detect thermal
conspicuities.
A load current flows through electrical
installations and equipment:
⢠âNaturalâ internal resistance
⢠Transfer resistance at the connection points
Depending on the voltage, the electrical current
can be life threatening.
ď Special safety aspects
Thermal load in a switch cabinet
Caution! Electrical installations can
be life threatening.
3. 3/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measuring tasks
Thermographic measurements at all voltage levels:
⢠Low, medium and high voltage switchgear systems
⢠Overhead power lines
⢠Transformers
⢠Compensation systems
⢠Electrical drives
⢠Control cabinets
⢠Electric drives
Main measurement tasks: Locating faulty electrical connections and detecting
any overloads on lines and motors.
4. 4/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Target groups
The mentioned measuring tasks can be allocated to the
areas of activity of certain people:
⢠In-house technicians
⢠Electrical experts
⢠Company electricians
⢠General electricians
This results in the following Testo target groups:
⢠Facility management services
⢠Professional services
⢠Other contractors
⢠Industrial plant maintenance
⢠Plant maintenance high energy industry
⢠Electrical trade (TASC 431 âelectriciansâ) An electrician at work
5. 5/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Reasons for measurement
The aim is to inspect electrical systems in process and production plants to detect
thermal irregularities at an early stage in order to:
⢠prevent damage
⢠reduce operational disruptions
⢠prevent downtime and ensure system availability
⢠reduce maintenance and follow-on costs (avoid
urgent contracts)
⢠reduce energy costs
ď Increased system safety
ď Improved fire protection
Fire damage
caused by electrics
Low voltage main distribution board under load
6. 6/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Maintenance strategies
⢠Reactive maintenance (âfire brigade strategyâ)
⢠Use of the resource until it fails
⢠In case of damage, it is necessary to react to unplanned events
⢠Technical diagnostics: Meaningless
⢠Preventive maintenance (time-dependant)
⢠Replacement of the resource at certain intervals
⢠It is often an uneconomical strategy: poor utilisation risk of failure
⢠Technical diagnostics: subsequent analysis of the resourceâs condition
⢠Condition-based maintenance
⢠Precise analysis of the resourceâs condition
⢠Maximum utilisation and events with greater cost-effectiveness
⢠Technical diagnostics: Key role
7. 7/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Eletrical basics â Electricity grid
(1) generate the power,
(2) transform the voltage,
(3) supply industrial companies with medium voltage,
(4) transform the voltage to the supply voltage
for small companies and residential homes (5) and (6)
Highest and high voltage
Supra-regional energy
transmission
Distribution of electrical energy
Medium voltage
Distribution into the low
voltage grid or supply of
large companies
Low voltage
Lowest voltage level
Supply of the
households
Power supply based on
Germany as an example
8. 8/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Electrical basics â Electricity grid
Substation:
⢠Transmits electrical energy over several voltage levels
⢠Connects power lines with different voltage levels
Transformer station:
⢠Components: Transformer, medium voltage switchgear system
and low voltage distribution board
⢠Transforms the electrical medium voltage of the regional
distribution grid into the low voltage used by the local grid
ď Difference: Size of the system
Substation
Transformer station
9. 9/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Electrical basis â Electricity grid
Distributor:
⢠Known as junction boxes or fuse boxes
⢠Closable boxes containing fuses and switch elements for
distributing electrical power
⢠Main distributors and sub-distributors
Home junction box:
⢠Connects homes to the public power grid (local grid)
⢠Transmission point from the grid operatorâs
distribution grid to the consumer system
Junction box at
the roadside
Main distributor Sub-distributor
Home junction
box, old
Home junction
box, new
10. 10/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Switch cabinet:
Electrical components of a system that are not
directly attached within or to the machine
Bus bar:
Arrangement of cables for the central
distribution of electrical energy
Contactor:
Electrically-controlled switch
for large amounts of power
Circuit breaker:
Special switches that also
withstand extreme loads
Electrical basis â Electrical installations
11. 11/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Standards and directives in Germany
DIN VDE 0105-100: âOperation of electrical installationsâ
All matters relating to the operation of and all work on, with or near electrical installations
BGV A3: The accident prevention regulation
Inspection of the electrical devices used in the companies
Successors: TRBS 2131 and BetrSichV
TRBS 2131: The Technical Rule on Operational Safety
Specific information about how the requirements of the Operational Safety Ordinance
(BetrSichV) can be observed
BetrSichV: The Operational Safety Ordinance
Regulation of the provision of resources by the employer
12. 12/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Standards on electrical thermography
DIN 54191: âNon-destructive testing â thermographic testing of electric installationsâ
⢠Specifies how a thermographic system inspection should be carried out
⢠Defines terms within the field of electrical thermography
⢠Defines the minimum requirements on IR cameras
⢠Regulates the classification of inspection results
⢠Defines the minimum contents of an inspection report and describes how to handle
the inspection results
CNPP DTG.06.090 - Thermographie Infrarouge - Controle d'installations electriques
Risk assessment, risk evaluation and development of safety regulations and
procedural instructions
ď Minimum technical and functional requirements for the thermal imagers
13. 13/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
German Property Insurersâ Association
(VdS) Directives (CFPA)
Directives on electrical thermography
VdS 2858: âThermography in electrical installationsâ
Leaflet: Benefits, typical fields of application and
importance of thermography
VdS 2859: âDirective for the accreditation of experts for electrical
thermography (electrical thermographers)â
⢠Qualification requirements for electrical thermographers and
minimum technical requirements for suitable camera systems
ď Certification is possible
Standards on electrical thermography
14. 14/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Standards on electrical thermography
VATh-Richtlinie: Electrical thermography
⢠Training requirements for electrical thermographers as well as requirements relating to
health and protective equipment
⢠Description of how to conduct an electrical thermographic measurement
⢠Minimum requirements for thermal imagers used for electrical thermography
⢠Minimum contents of the evaluation document
⢠Fault groups and temperature classes
SK 3602: âfire clauseâ
Instruction that electrical installations must be inspected using an infrared thermometer or a
thermal imager to check for any conspicuous temperature values
(The Directive on the fire clause is VdS 2871 - âInspection guidelines according to clause 3602â)
15. 15/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Application knowledge
Several influencing factors and important application basics:
⢠Influences on measurements
⢠Limit temperatures
⢠Defect definition
⢠Defect classes
⢠Measurement of small objectives
⢠Calculation of the measurement spot
Basic safety rules:
⢠Workplace safety
⢠Protective distance
Safety always plays a decisive role!
16. 16/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Workplace safety
When inspecting an electrical installation, the
following points must therefore be observed in all
cases:
⢠ONLY approach electrical equipment IF ACCOMPANIED
by an electrician
⢠Familiarize yourself with the safety regulations on site
⢠Keep a SAFE DISTANCE from all electrical installations
⢠DO NOT TOUCH! Work on electrical installations must
only be carried out by authorized specialists.
Proper thermographic
inspection
Basic rules of
operational safety
Electric arc injury
17. 17/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Protective distance
VDE, employersâ liability insurance associations, DIN:
Definition of safe distances ď Ensures safe work with energized parts
Safe distance
= Minimum required distance between
the energized part and the
thermographer
Nominal
voltage
Safe distance to be
kept by electricians
< 1.000 V 0,5 m
1 kV - 30 kV 1,5 m
30 kV - 110 kV 2 m
110 kV - 220 kV 3 m
220 kV - 380 kV 4 m
Info: When using thermography on overhead power lines,
a consultation with the line operator is essential.
18. 18/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Influences on measurements
Surface of the measuring object:
⢠Objectâs surface properties
Measurements are often taken on bare metals (cables)
ď The emission level must be carefully determined.
If necessary, an emission tape can be used.
⢠Specular reflections
Reflection?
Real
temperature?
Scanning the measuring
object with thermal imager
Emission tape
This method only works
if the installation is not
energized!
19. 19/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Practical information for the measurement
⢠Measure on the isolator â this usually has an emission level of e = 0.9
⢠Measure the âcavitiesâ (e.g. the gaps next to the terminals) â these behave
similarly to black body radiators (e = 1)
⢠Measure painted, dusty, smudged or otherwise dirty points â these usually have
a good emission level (e = 0.95)
⢠Use stickers that are already available (e.g. type plates) as a
reference radiator for determining the emission level
⢠Most important rule: NEVER measure the bare terminal
â this produces nearly all the time a false measurement result!
Influences on measurements
20. 20/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Limit temperatures
Limit temperatures:
⢠When analyzing the condition of equipment with a thermal imager, component-specific limit
temperatures must be considered.
⢠These are stipulated in standards, directives and technical specifications
Thermal weaknesses should be defined and allocated to defect classes.
Examples:
PVC- insulated cables (in acc. with VDE 0207):
Limit temperature ⤠70 °C
Copper bars (in acc. with DIN 43671):
Limit temperature ⤠105 K
Ambient temperature ⤠50 °C
Plastic and other non-metals:
Limit temperature ⤠50 K
Ambient temperature ⤠40 °C
21. 21/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Defect definition
Depending on the type of installation to be inspected,
there are different ânormal conditionsâ.
When defining possible defects, it is also important to
determine the current load under which the
installation is inspected (operating current lb).
The ânominal currentâ (ln) of the installation is usually
defined as a reference.
Example criteria that can be used to evaluate the
condition:
⢠Permissible temperatures according to the relevant
product standards
⢠Visually detectable areas of weakness or damage
⢠Temperature differences of any kind
Evaluation criterion: âTemperature
difference between the cablesâ
22. 22/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Defect classes
Defect classes:
When defining the defects, the possible defects are divided into
several classes:
ď For further procedural instructions for external
thermographers
ď and as a yardstick for in-house electricians
Defect classes in acc. with VdS criteria (see also VATh Directive):
Defect class 1 0 K < âT < 10 K
Defect class 2 10 K < âT < 35 K
Defect class 3 35 K < âT < 7 K
Defect class 4 âT > 70 K
No measures
Rectify weakness on occasion
Maintenance within six months
Acute danger, isolate and rectify the defect as
soon as possible, reduce load if necessary
23. 23/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measuring small objectives
Particular field of application: Electronics development
⢠Electronic components are becoming ever smaller and therefore being positioned on circuit
boards more compactly
⢠Heat development plays an important role
ď Can impair their ability to function in the long term
⢠When used on microelectronic components in particular, the resolution (determined by the
detector size and lens) is decisive:
The testo 890 can be used to measure
the smallest structures of just 113 Îźm
(that equates to 0.113 mm!).
24. 24/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
The following generally applies to thermography:
The (real) measurement spot should never be larger than the object to be measured.
The size of the measurement spot depends on the field of view (IFOV) and the distance
from the measuring object.
The IFOV value is determined by the used imager
system and is indicated in mrad.
For example, an IFOV of 3.5 mrad, specifically means:
At a distance of 1 m, the imager can still measure an
object with an edge length of 3.5 mm.
For the smallest measurable
object (IFOVmeas), there is a rule of thumb:
IFOV x 3 â IFOVmeas
In our example, the smallest measurable
object has an edge length of
3 x 3.5 mm = 10.5 mm.
Calculating the measurement spot
25. 25/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measuring technology
The following device requirements have proven in practice to enable good
measurement results for electrical thermography:
Spectral range 8 - 14 Îźm
Temperature measurement range - 20 ⌠+500 °C
Range of application - 10 ⌠+40 °C
Design
A rotating fold-out display is beneficial as measurements can be
taken in installations that are difficult to reach.
Lenses
Different lenses are required depending on the measuring task. For
measurements on high voltage installations, telephoto lenses of
between 12° and 7° must be depending on the measurement
distances and imager technology
Thermal resolution ⤠100 mK
Geometric resolution ⤠2 mrad
Measuring accuracy, absolute: +/- 2 K
26. 26/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurement preparations
The following points should be considered in preparation for the measurement:
1.Is the area to be inspected visually accessible?
2.Check whether there are temperature specifications or comparative measurements for
the measuring object that describe its normal condition.
3. Put on personal protective equipment. Other
equipment such as ladders or a power supply
may also be required.
4. Thermographic inspections must be reported:
a safety briefing and approval for the work
must be provided by the company
management or responsible departmental
manager.
5. Set the right emission level and RTC on the
measuring instrument to minimize
measurement errors.
With glass pane
Without glass pane
27. 27/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measuring tasks
Typical measuring objects in the field of electrical thermography are:
⢠Junction boxes
⢠Contacts/ connections
⢠Resistances
⢠Cables
⢠Contactors
⢠Power distributors
⢠Transformers
⢠Substations
Typical reasons for temperature spikes and deviations are:
⢠Uneven load distribution
⢠Overloaded systems/ excessive power consumption
⢠Increased resistance in the electrical circuit due to loose contacts or rusty connections
⢠Defective isolators
⢠Wiring faults
⢠Undersized components (e.g.: fuses)
28. 28/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurement on switch cabinets
Measurement on switch cabinets, junction boxes and
fuse boxes
⢠The object to be measured must be âthermographically
accessibleâ.
⢠This means that any switch cabinet to be inspected has to
be opened for the measurement
⢠and any contact protection muss be removed so as to
provide an unobstructed view of the components to be
inspected
⢠Only surface temperatures can be visualized using
thermography
⢠It is not possible to detect the heat sources behind glass
or plastic panes.
⢠When inspecting the switch cabinets, weak points on
sensitive components are indicated by increased
temperatures known as âhot spotsâ.
IR image for a switch cabinet
29. 29/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurements: Fuse boxes
Medium fuse under load
(normal mode):
hot spot = 25 °C
âθ ⤠7 K
ď no unusual heating,
everything fine
70,0°C
142,0°C
80
100
120
140
Inspection of a
fuse box
Fuses on a 500 V
distribution board
Super-heated fuse block,
T ⤠145 °C (âθ ⤠49 K)
Ib = no measurement
(Ib = operating current)
ď Defect class 3
(maintenance within six
month)
30. 30/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurements: LV HRC fuse, power distribution
Faulty lower fuse contact
âL2â: T ⤠129 °C (âθ ⤠72 K)
Ib = 112 A (90 % In)
(In = nominal current)
ď Defect class 3
LV HRC fuse block,
plug-in 500 V main
distribution board
Faulty output terminal
âL1â: T ⤠49 °C (Îθ ⤠18 K)
Ib = 139 A (75 % In)
ď Defect class 2
Be careful with reflections
on bare metals!
(See arrow)Output cable on
500 V main
distribution board23,0°C
49,0°C
25
30
35
40
45
31. 31/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurements: Junction boxes, cable floors & vaults
Thermography on a
transportable
junction box
Result: faulty cable
coupling,
T ⤠142 °C (Îθ ⤠86 K)
Ib = 137 A (69 % In)
ď Defect class 3
22,0°C
39,0°C
25
30
35
Cable temperature
T ⤠40 °C
Cable vault low
voltage switch room
32. 32/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurements: EMCR systems, electric motors
Diode overheats:
T ⤠97 °C (âθ ⤠22 K)
ď Defect class 2
Operating temperature:
T = 40 °C
ď Normal condition
Pump motor for the
hot water circuit
51,0°C
96,0°C
60
70
80
90 Control card in an
EMCR switch cabinet
33. 33/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurements: High voltage systems, transfomers I
Tension terminal:
the âcurrent loopâ is
connected to the current
cable via a terminal
connection
ď Inductive heating of the
bushing
1,5°C
42,0°C
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
14,5°C
31,0°C
15
20
25
30
Transformer (110 kV on 6 kV)
34. 34/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurements: Transfomers II, circuit boards
Circuit board
13,5°C
65,0°C
20
30
40
50
60
Transformer
20 kV / 0.4 kV
Damaged bus bar
connection âL3â on the
secondary side:
T ⤠70 °C (âθ ⤠46 K)
Ib = 73 A (50 % In)
ď Defect class 3
35. 35/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Measurements: Photovoltaic systems
Solar energy systems deliver their
maximum performance in bright
sunshine.
Thermal imagers can be used to
monitor photovoltaic systems of all
sizes in a way that is wide-ranging,
contact-free and exceptionally
efficient.
Photovoltaic systems
36. 36/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Evaluation: Testo IRSoft
Testo IRSoft reporting software
⢠Comprehensive analysis options
⢠Clear structure and intuitive layout
⢠Several templates for report generation
⢠Report designer
ď Thermographers and the system
operators can prove that the
measurements have been conducted
37. 37/37Testo AG, Electrothermography
Evaluation: Report generation
A standard report for electrical thermography should
contain the following information:
1. Name of the thermographer conducting the
measurements and the other people involved
2. The imager system used
3. The inspection date
4. The site of the inspected company
headquarters, plant or energy supply company
5. The aim of the work
6. For outdoor measurements: the weather
conditions (including relative humidity in %, wind
in m/s and global radiation in W/m²)
7. Evaluation and results
Note:
The Testo IRSoft PC software contains
a report template that is specially
tailored to industrial and electrical
thermography for the quick and simple
creation of thermographic reports.