The document discusses opportunities and challenges in the electronics industry due to paradigm shifts driven by new technologies. It notes that mechanical systems are increasingly being replaced by intelligent electronic systems, enabling autonomous operation and adaptability. However, it also notes that working with manufacturers to understand requirements, long development times, and needing skills in areas like data analytics, signal processing, machine learning and control theory present challenges. The opportunities lie in developing solutions that leverage Sri Lanka's existing strengths and addressing niche application areas.

1. Paradigm Shifts and Opportunities
in the Electronics Industry
Dr. Ajith Amerasekera
University of California, Berkeley, USA
Synergen Technology Lab, Colombo, Sri Lanka
and Dallas, USA
September 2016

2. Outline
• Introduction
• Market Growth
• Technology Drivers
• Expertise
• Summary

3. LOOKING BEYOND WIRELESS
Market Growth
3

4. Technology Trends
• Mega-Trends:
–Population growth
–Super-urbanization
–Transportation and Connectivity
–Limited natural resources
• Electronic technology is changing the way
the world operates
– Replacing mechanical components as we automate
tasks that have never been automated before

5. World Market for Internet Connected Devices - New Device Shipments
Connected Devices (M)
Source: IMS Research Aug-12
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
2011 2012 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025
Military &
Aerospace
Medical
Industrial
Consumer
Computers
Communications,
Mobile
Communications,
Fixed
Automotive
Market Growth Opportunities
Driven by Industrial
And Consumer Apps

6. LOOKING BEYOND WIRELESS
What is driving the
technology?
6

7. New Application Drivers: A Fundamental
Transformation in Engineering
Pre-1950’s: Engineering the
physical world (industrial
revolutions)
Post 2000: “Cyberphysical Systems” bridging the
two, engaging society at large
1950-2000’s: Engineering abstract
objects (the “cyber world”)

8. The Many Faces of CyberPhysical/Biological
Systems
IoT
(Consumer, Smart Homes)
Sensor Nets
(Smarter Planet)
Industrial Internet
(Industry 4.0, M2M, V2V)
Human Intranet

9. 9
Connectivity – Platform for the Future
• Beyond 5G, networks will be required to provide
ubiquitous connectivity for large amounts of
information transfer – video, security, information.
• Semiconductor technologies transforming society –
from personal well-being to industrial automation and
transportation.
• Autonomous systems with closed loop control require
more data bandwidth driving higher communication
speeds, with lower latency, high robustness, and high
energy efficiency.

10. The IoT – More than just things
Cloud
Gateway
Bridge or
Router
Edge
Node
s
Edge
Nodes
• Connected Things
Enabling a More
Interactive
Environment
• Connected
Systems Enabling a
More Efficient
Environment
Smart SystemsSmart Things

11. The Next Frontier:
CoBots and the Industrial InternetThe Tactile Internet
The Manufacturing Revolution Ahead
Gerhard Fettweis Slide 13
http://jerryrushing.net/wp-
content/uploads/2012/04/robotic_assembly_line1.jpg http://www.witchdoctor.co.nz/wp-
content/uploads/2013/01/robot-fabrication-station.jpg
The Tactile Internet: Remote Controlled Humanoid Robots
Gerhard Fettweis
http://images.gizmag.com/hero/8456_51207105642.jpg
http://www.dvice.com/archives/2011/05/kinect_controll_1.php
An Internet
with co-joint
Senses
and Motor
Control
Human-Machine
Collaboration brings
new challenges and
opportunities
Driving the need for real-time communications

12. Internet of Things in Production
• The Smart Factory is an autonomous, self configurable, decentralized production facility
• The starting materials and the tools are intelligent, have their own identity and can be
located at any time; they know their history, status and how to reach their final state.
• The Smart Factory is able to handle complexity, achieving significantly higher flexibility and
adaptability by using highest productivity and quality levels with optimized use of resources
Internet of Things
Industrial
Internet of
Things
Industry 4.0
Consumer Building Industrial Manufacturing
Real-time
Functional Safety

13. After You
(⌒-⌒)
Go
Sagﾞ
Slow-down Propagation
Smooth flow at 50Km/h
Merger Assist
Passing Assist (w/BSW)
Sag Congestion
Highway Road
Local Group Cooperation
Go Assist for
Green Light
Green Wave Flow
Automotive – Future V2I and V2V Communication
Urban Road
Toyota, ISSCC 2013

14. Extend ourselves!
[Time Magazine, September 2014]
The Future

15. A Human Intranet
[J. Rabaey, Pervasive. Comp., 2014]
Image courtesy Y. Khan, UCB
An open scalable platform
enhancing human capabilities
Empowered Humans in an
Augmented World

16. IoT : System on a Chip
Energy
storage
Sensor
Wireless Sensor
Node
Energy Storage
Energy Harvesting
MEMS SensorMotivation and desig
The "smart grid" will require new, inexpensive senso
throughout the network. Applications include monito
condition monitoring of underground distribution cab
and diagnosis.
We have developed a new MEMS (micro-electro-me
sensor for these applications. It is passive, requiring
suitable for wireless sensor node deployment. The s
without needing to encircle the current carrier or bre
installation, resulting in an expanded set of possible
Cable
Piezoelectric
MEMS Cantilever
Microscale
Magnet
Output
Voltage
Magnetic
Field
Cable
Piezoelectric
MEMS Cantilever
Microscale
Magnet
Output
Voltage
Magnetic
Field
• AC cu
magne
• Cantil
the en
magne
• Piezo
output
• Oscill
are pr
curren
Radio
Energy
harvesting
Radio

17. Expertise
17

18. Electronic Control Systems
Interpret
ControlActuate
Sense
• Data Acquisition
• Signal
Processing
• Machine
Learning
• Control Theory
• Computing

19. Challenges
• At all possible levels:
–Physical layer and low latency networks
–Architecture and infrastructure; closed loop
and control systems
–Ultra low-energy cognitive processing
–Machine learning, system modeling ,
planning and anticipation, game theory,
collaboration, decision making
Combining many fields together for system-level solutions

20. The Global Industry
• High speed communication systems have changed the way we
operate with ease of access to people, machines, databases…..
• Global access to manufacturing, no longer restricts the industry to
a few countries with large investment capability in manufacturing
infrastructure.
• New systems will be small and deployed in vast numbers
distributing intelligence across the board and dramatically
changing the management of our cities, buildings, personal life,
health, transportation, safety and security.
• These systems require data acquisition and analysis, along with
machine learning and adoption.
• Expertise in digital signal processing, data analytics, neural
networks, and control systems theory, will be important in
developing the new applications.
• Countries producing strong computer science and engineering
skills, will be abe to engage in the economic growth enabled by
these technologies

21. Areas of Opportunity for Sri Lanka
• Digital Health/Telemedicine: This is an area that is wide open for technology. Todays
systems are still very primitive. $76B in 2015 – 22% CAGR
– Needs an infrastructure that enables simple, transparent, interaction between remote devices and the
central management systems – iTunes for Medical Systems
– Medical practitioners have to be able to quickly access and analyze the data and
provide direction.
• Wearables: $14B in 2014, $70B in 2022
– Synergies with strong Sri Lanka’s textile industry
– Ultra low power systems, signal processing and data analytics
– Flexible electronics, including batteries and energy harvesting.
• Factory and Industrial Automation: $150B in 2014, $200B in 2020
– Mechatronics - Intelligent systems for Cobots, Robots, and Automation.
– Need to work with systems manufacturers to understand their needs and driver technologies
• Smart Agriculture: $3B in 2015 to $5B in 2020
– Need to work with users to develop solutions to make electronics in agriculture a differentiator.
• Investments:
– Governments see technology investment as a forcing function
– Long development times require deep pockets to withstand market pressures
– Big investments across Asia as other countries see the economic value of technology.
21

22. 22
Opportunities for Sri Lanka
• Synergen Tech Labs – An Example
• Self-funded by entrepeneurs with healthcare software experience. Began
in 2014 and has 9 recent undergraduates from University of Moratuwa.
• Focus on Intelligent Systems for the IoT. Quickly came up to speed on IoT
technologies using existing and new platforms. The platforms are not
differentiating.
• Differentiating skills are signal processing, communication
theory, and control systems.
• Areas where Universities in Sri Lanka have great advantages.
• Combined with mechanical engineering, to enable
mechatronics – a growing need in this field.
• STL identified niche areas in health care (e.g. telemedicine),
wellness and wearables as providing opportunities for
differentiation at global level.

23. 23
SUMMARY
• Opportunities: mechanical systems are being
replaced by electronics with intelligence
enabling autonomous operation, adaptability,
energy efficiency.
• Challenges: need to work with the systems
manufacturers to understand the requirements
• Introduction times are long and so are
development times; need patience
• Skills: data acquisition and analytics, signal
processing, machine learning, and control
theory, are critical.