This document discusses electricity and electrical circuits. It defines conductors as materials that allow electric current to pass through and insulators as materials that do not allow current to pass through. It explains that batteries and generators are common sources of electric current and that batteries produce electricity through chemical reactions, with primary cells being non-rechargeable and secondary cells being rechargeable. The document also provides diagrams of open and closed circuits and labels the basic parts of a simple light bulb.

4. Flow of charge (electrons)
through a conducting wire in a
unit time.

5. SOURCES OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
GENERATOR
BATTERY

6. What are CONDUCTORS?
What are INSULATORS?

7. MATERIALS THAT DO NOT ALLOW
CURRENT TO PASS-INSULATORS

8. MATERIALS THAT ALLOW
CURRENT TO PASS-CONDUCTORS

11. When electrodes are
placed in the electrolyte.
the production of electricity is by a chemical
reaction that changes chemical energy into
electrical energy

13. Electrical energy is
from the chemicals
inside them.
Can’t be charged
Eg: dry cells and
simple voltaic cells.
Electrical energy
produced by chemical
reaction within.
Chemical reactions are
reversible, hence energy
is stored.
Can be charged
Eg: lead accumulator
and nickel-iron
accumulator

14. PRIMARY CELLS
used in torches,
wall clocks, toys,
etc
SECONDARY CELLS
used in mobile
phones, car
batteries, etc.

15. SOLAR/PHOTOVOLTAIC
CELL:

16. WORKING OF
PRIMARY
CELL

17. Cathode is the
positive end.
Here the
cathode is
Carbon
Anode is the
negative end.
Here the anode
is Carbon and
Manganese
dioxide
mixture

18. HENCE IN THE DRY CELL,
CELL THE FLOW OF ELECTRICITY IS FROM CARBON ROD TO
THE ZINC END.
FLOW OF ELECTRICITY IS FROM POSITIVE
END TO NEGATIVE END

20. A CIRCUIT
MIGHT BE
CLOSED OR
OPEN

23. COMMONLY USED SYMBOL

25. open circuit
and the
current will
not flow
closed circuit
and the
current will
flow

27. PART FUNCTION
bulb Produces light
Reflector&
lens
helps to focus
light
Plastic body Holds the parts
switch Controls flow
of current
battery Source of
power

28. PARTS OF A LIGHT
BULB