This document discusses the components and history of electric vehicles. It begins with an introduction stating that electric cars are propelled by electric motors powered by rechargeable batteries. The first practical electric cars were produced in the 1880s and were popular until the 1900s when gasoline vehicles became more affordable and convenient. The document then discusses the history of electric cars in more detail and explains the key components of electric vehicles including motors, controllers, chargers, DC-DC converters, contactors, batteries, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars.

1. V.VISWA
B.E-EEE
SCAD IT

2. INTRODUCTION
 An electric car is an automobile that is propelled by one or more electric motors, using energy
stored in rechargeable batteries
 The first practical electric cars were produced in the 1880s.
 Electric cars were popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century, until advances in
internal combustion engines, electric starters in particular, and mass production of cheaper
gasoline vehicles led to a decline in the use of electric drive vehicles.

3. HISTORY OF ELECTRIC CARS:
In 1842, both Thomas Davenport and Robert Anderson invented practical electric cars.
Electric vehicles first appeared in the mid-19th century.
The high cost, low top speed, and short range of battery electric vehicles, compared to
later internal combustion engine vehicles, led to a worldwide decline in their use
But by 1935, electric cars were no longer popular.
It wasn't until the 1960s and 1970s when interest in electric cars began to grow again

5. MOTOR
If the motor is a DC motor, then it may run on anything from 96 to 192 volts. Many of the
DC motors used in electric cars come from the electric forklift industry.
If it is an AC motor, then it probably is a three-phase AC motor running at 240 volts AC
with a 300 volt battery pack.

6. CONTROLLER
Inside an Electric Car. A simple DC controller connected to the batteries and the DC
motor. If the driver floors the accelerator pedal, the controller delivers the full 96 volts
from the batteries to the motor. If the driver take his/her foot off the accelerator,
the controller delivers zero volts to the motor.

7. CHARGER
By using a 240-volt circuit (such as the outlet for an electric dryer), the car might be able
to receive 240 volts at 30 amps, or 6.6 kilowatt-hours per hour. This arrangement allows
significantly faster charging, and can fully recharge the battery pack in four to five hours.
... Plug the car in anywhere to recharge.

8. DC-DC CONVERTER
In electric engineering, a DC to DC converter is a category of power converters and it is
an electric circuit which converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to
another, by storing the input energy temporarily and then releasing that energy to the
output at a different voltage.

9. CONTACTOR
• A contactor is an electrically-controlled switch used for switching
an electrical power circuit. A contactor is typically controlled by a circuit which has
a much lower power level than the switched circuit, such as a 24-volt coil
electromagnet controlling a 230-volt motor switch.

10. BATTERY
Electric vehicles use lithium-ion batteries, mainly because the batteries have relatively
high energy densities, which range from 100Wh/kg to 300Wh/kg.
 There are three lithium-ion battery types for EVs – prismatic, pouch and cylindrical.

11. ADVANTAGES:
Decreased Emissions.
Pollution Free
No Need Of Fossil Fuels.
Less Weight.
Regenerative Braking Can Be Used.

12. DISADVANTAGES:
Driving range low compared to petrol vehicles.
Charging of the battery takes more time.
The cost of battery is very high.
The battery are not recyclable.
Electric cars are expensive.

13. THANK YOU