India holds regular free and fair elections to determine the composition of government. The country is divided into 543 electoral constituencies where voters elect one representative to the Lok Sabha. Elections follow a process where candidates are nominated, an election campaign occurs, voting takes place at polling stations on a single day, and votes are counted afterwards to determine the winner in each constituency. The Election Commission of India oversees the entire process and enforces rules to ensure free and fair elections.

2. ELECTION
ELECTION SYSTEM OF
INDIA
SYSTEM
OF
INDIA

3. INTRODUCTION
• India is a constitutional
democracy with a parliamentary
system of government, and at the
heart of the system is a
commitment to hold regular, free
and fair elections.
• These elections determine the
composition of the government,
the membership of the two
houses of parliament, the state
and union territory legislative
assemblies, and the Presidency
and vice-presidency.

4. ELECTIONS
Elections are the
mechanism by which the
people can choose their
representatives at regular
intervals of time and
change them if they wish
to do so. An election is a
formal decision-making
process by which a
population chooses an
individual to hold public
office

5. FUNCTION OF
ELECTION
• It helps us to choose who
will make law for us.
• Voters can choose the
party whose policies will
guide the government.
• It is not physically
possible for the whole
population to sit
together and make
decisions.

6. DIFFERENT POLITICAL
PARTIES
INDIAN
NATIONAL
CONGRESS
BHARTIYA
JANTA PARTY
COMMUNIST
PARTY OF
BAHUJAN SAMAJ
PARTY
INDIA

7. The Method Of The
Election
Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections are
held regularly after every five years.
Elections are held in all constituencies at the
same time.
These are called GENERAL ELECTION.
ELECTORAL
CONSTITUENCIES

8.  Electoral Constituencies:
 India is divided into
different areas for the
purpose of elections
called electoral
constituencies
 The voters who live in
a constituency elect
one representative.
 Total constituencies
543
 General – 412
 Reserved (SC) – 84
 Reserved (ST) - 47

9. Electoral
Constituencies
The country is divided into
different areas for purposes of elections.
These areas are called electoral constituencies.
The representative elected from each constituency
is called a Member of Parliament.
For Lok Sabha Elections The Country Is Divided
Into 543 Constituencies. Each Constituency Has
Roughly Equal Population Living Within It . The
Member Elected From Each Constituency Is
Called ‘Member Of Parliament’ Or ‘MP’.

10. RESERVED CONSITUENCY
Electoral constituencies
that are reserved for
candidates from Scheduled
Castes and Scheduled
Tribes are known as
reserved constituencies.
This is to prevent
domination of those with
better resources and give a
chance to weaker sections
of society.
In an SC reserved
constituency,
only someone
from the SC’s can
stand for
elections.

11. Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Daman and Diu
Karnataka -
28
Constituencies with one
State with largest number of MP’s -
80
MP
Chandigarh
Sikkim
Andaman and Nicobar
islands
Nagaland
Mizoram
Lakshadweep Pondicherry

12. The Method of Election
• Constitution of India in Art
324 provides for a Election
Commissioner and other
Election commissioners, who
are appointed by the
president of India.
• The chief election
commissioner functions as
the chairperson of the
commission.
• Art 325 provides for creation
of a single election roll for
entire country

13. The Method of Election
• Art 326 establish universal adult suffrage as
the basis for the creation of roll.
• Art 327 and 328 provides that the parliament
and the state legislature can legislate on
matters of elections, subject to the provision
of the constitution.
• Art 329 bans the courts from interfering in
electoral matters

14. The Method of Election
• One MP must be elected
from each constituency.
• First past the post system
is used to determine the
winner
• State may reserve seats in
favor of SC/ST/OBC in
legislative bodies
• Voter who are not
physically present in their
constituency on polling
day can vote through the
Postal ballot system.
South Delhi MP
IS RAMESH
BIDHURI (BJP)

15. The Process of Election
• The country must be
delimited into various
constituencies.
• The president appoints
several regional
commissioners on advice of
chief election
commissioner.
• The electoral roll is
prepared
• The election commission
calls for a all party meeting
to discuss the poll dates.
President
Of India
Pranab
Mukharjee

16. The Process of Election
• Campaign managers of
political parties conduct
opinion polls
• The election commission
prepares a schedule for
election
• The code of conduct
prescribed by the election
commission comes into
forces as the dates are
declared.
• Political parties kick off their
campaigning when the poll
dates are announce.

17. The Process of Election
• On election day, voting
commences in the morning
and ends in the evening.
• As voters leave polling
booth exit polls are
conducted.
• The ballot boxes and EVMs
are secured in
strongholds.
• The votes are counted and
the winners are
determined by the first
past the post system.

18. Election Process
18
Announcement of Elections
Nomination Phase
Scrutiny of Nominations
Withdrawal of Candidates
Polling
Counting
Electorate
Information
Contesting
Candidates
information

19. Nomination of candidates
• This happens only when there
are no restriction on anyone
to contest an election.
• Anyone who can be voter can
also be a candidate in the
election.
• A candidate should be at least
25 years and a voter should be
at least 18 years.
There are some restriction on
criminals etc.
• Politics parties nominate
their candidates ,who gets the
party symbol and support.

20. VOTING
• Any citizen over the age of 18
irrespective of caste, creed, religion or
gender can cast vote.
• Those who are convicted of certain
criminal offences are not allowed to vote.

21. Voter’s List
The list of people who are eligible for
voting is prepared by the Election
Commission of India.
This ensures that everyone in the
country gets an equal opportunity of
choosing their political representatives.
Regardless of a person's caste, creed,
colour and gender, every citizen of and
above 18 years of age is eligible to vote.
This is an important step, it is linked to
the first condition of a democratic
election: everyone should get an equal
opportunity to choose their
representatives.

22. VOTING DAY
 Government schools and colleges are
chosen as polling stations. The
Collector of each district is in charge
of polling.
 Government employees are employed
to many of the polling stations.
 Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs)
are being increasingly used instead of
ballot boxes to prevent election fraud
via booth capturing, which is heavily
prevalent in certain parts of India.
 An indelible ink is applied usually on
the left index finger of the voter as an
indicator that the voter has cast his
vote.

23. ELECTION CAMPAIGN
 Election campaigns in India takes
place for two weeks, starting from
the declaration of the final list of
candidates contesting the elections
and concluding 48 hours before
the date of polling.
 During this campaign, candidates
reach out to the voters. Political
leaders hold election meetings and
rallies for informing the voters
about their policies and
persuading them to vote for them.
 The main purpose of election is to
give people chance to choose the
representative ,the govt and
policies they prefer.

24. Polling and
counting of votes
• The final stage of an election is the
day when the voters cast their vote
.this is called election day.

25. Polling and Counting of votes
 A person, with his name on the
voter's list can go to a polling
booth, get identified by the
officials, get the mark on his
finger, and caste the vote for
the candidate of his choice.
 Agents of the candidates are
permitted to be seated inside
the polling booths for ensuring
that a fair voting takes place.
 Electronic Voting Machines
(EVMs) are used for casting
votes instead of the ballot
paper.

26.  Counting of votes begin after few days of election.
 The final stage of an election is the day when the
voters cast their vote. That day is usually called the
election day. Every person whose name is on the
voters list can go to a nearby polling booth situated
in a govt schools or offices.

27. The votes
are being
counted
The
highest
voted
wins

28. ELECTION
COMMISSION
• It is a powerful body
which conducts elections
in our country
• It implements the code of
conduct and punishes
any candidate or party
that violates it.
• Election commission is
free from political
influence.

29. APPOINTMENT AND REMOVAL
 The President of India
appoints the two Election
Commissioners. They have
tenure of 6 years, or up to the
age of 65 ; which ever is
earlier. Sixty five however is
the age limit.
 The salary and other
conditions of service of the
Election Commissioner are
determined by the Parliament
of India through - "Election
Commission Act 1991.”
Election
Commissioner
Veeravalli
Sundaram
Sampath