Increasing marketing spending can help incumbent firms respond effectively and achieve strong financial performance when their markets are liberalized to foreign competition.
A critical yet largely unaddressed research question motivates our study: Can marketers help improve the world? We propose marketers can help entrepreneurs in emerging markets grow their businesses. And flourishing entrepreneurs in these markets can improve lives, sustain livelihoods, enhance overall living standards, and strengthen societies.
To test marketers’ unique effect on emerging market entrepreneurs, we conduct a randomized controlled field experiment with 930 Ugandan businesses. The experiment allows us to examine the impact of a business support intervention in which international professionals from varying functional backgrounds (e.g., marketing, consulting) volunteered time to help small-scale entrepreneurs. Our results show volunteer marketers are effective in helping entrepreneurs grow sales, profits, assets, and employees. The volunteers specifically help emerging market entrepreneurs differentiate their businesses and offer premium products, an outcome difficult for many firms to achieve.
Causally identifying the impact of a “marketer” on firm growth adds to the burgeoning work on marketing’s overall influence in firms. While it may seem obvious that marketing professionals focus on differentiation and premium products, the approach may be counterintuitive in emerging markets, where disposable income is low. Moreover, through additional insights on the role of market knowledge and resource availability, our study adds to the sparse marketing-entrepreneurship literature, particularly as it pertains to firm growth in an emerging market.
The paper speaks to several non-academic audiences. Given the positive and direct impact marketers can have on growth outcomes, we hope the study will motivate marketing practitioners to work with entrepreneurs and early-stage ventures in emerging markets. Governmental and non-governmental organizations actively serving emerging markets should also benefit from our findings when designing and implementing future business support services. Entrepreneurs should also take note of our findings and solicit marketers’ help by hiring them or contracting for their services.
The Marketing Evolution: Don't get left behindJarrang
This presentation provides viewers with the chance to get an update on the changing digital communications landscape and covers the following subjects:
How technology is changing buyer behaviour
How Google have changed the game
How content influences search
The rise of inbound marketing
Effective Social Media needs a content plan
The online advertising options
How to manage your leads/ enquiries
Why you need a digital strategy
Our research reveals actionable ways for managers to (1) successfully manage salespeople’s avoidance of relatively large opportunities, (2) better understand the role of conversion uncertainty in salesperson decision making when prospecting, and (3) effectively manage salespeople’s decision making when prospecting by altering their benefit–cost calculus and uncertainty calibration and paying attention to salespeople’s portfolio characteristics. Furthermore, salespeople should be aware of the biases their past performance success and experience create in their decision making when prospecting.
Marketing ethics and social responsibility | Criticisms of MarketingGaditek
Identify the major social criticisms of marketing.
Define consumerism and environmentalism and explain how they affect marketing strategies.
Describe the principles of socially responsible marketing.
Explain the role of ethics in marketing.
A critical yet largely unaddressed research question motivates our study: Can marketers help improve the world? We propose marketers can help entrepreneurs in emerging markets grow their businesses. And flourishing entrepreneurs in these markets can improve lives, sustain livelihoods, enhance overall living standards, and strengthen societies.
To test marketers’ unique effect on emerging market entrepreneurs, we conduct a randomized controlled field experiment with 930 Ugandan businesses. The experiment allows us to examine the impact of a business support intervention in which international professionals from varying functional backgrounds (e.g., marketing, consulting) volunteered time to help small-scale entrepreneurs. Our results show volunteer marketers are effective in helping entrepreneurs grow sales, profits, assets, and employees. The volunteers specifically help emerging market entrepreneurs differentiate their businesses and offer premium products, an outcome difficult for many firms to achieve.
Causally identifying the impact of a “marketer” on firm growth adds to the burgeoning work on marketing’s overall influence in firms. While it may seem obvious that marketing professionals focus on differentiation and premium products, the approach may be counterintuitive in emerging markets, where disposable income is low. Moreover, through additional insights on the role of market knowledge and resource availability, our study adds to the sparse marketing-entrepreneurship literature, particularly as it pertains to firm growth in an emerging market.
The paper speaks to several non-academic audiences. Given the positive and direct impact marketers can have on growth outcomes, we hope the study will motivate marketing practitioners to work with entrepreneurs and early-stage ventures in emerging markets. Governmental and non-governmental organizations actively serving emerging markets should also benefit from our findings when designing and implementing future business support services. Entrepreneurs should also take note of our findings and solicit marketers’ help by hiring them or contracting for their services.
The Marketing Evolution: Don't get left behindJarrang
This presentation provides viewers with the chance to get an update on the changing digital communications landscape and covers the following subjects:
How technology is changing buyer behaviour
How Google have changed the game
How content influences search
The rise of inbound marketing
Effective Social Media needs a content plan
The online advertising options
How to manage your leads/ enquiries
Why you need a digital strategy
Our research reveals actionable ways for managers to (1) successfully manage salespeople’s avoidance of relatively large opportunities, (2) better understand the role of conversion uncertainty in salesperson decision making when prospecting, and (3) effectively manage salespeople’s decision making when prospecting by altering their benefit–cost calculus and uncertainty calibration and paying attention to salespeople’s portfolio characteristics. Furthermore, salespeople should be aware of the biases their past performance success and experience create in their decision making when prospecting.
Marketing ethics and social responsibility | Criticisms of MarketingGaditek
Identify the major social criticisms of marketing.
Define consumerism and environmentalism and explain how they affect marketing strategies.
Describe the principles of socially responsible marketing.
Explain the role of ethics in marketing.
GREEN MARKETING: What is Green Marketing?, Principles Of Green Marketing, Significance Of Green Marketing, Green Marketing Mix, Challenges Of Green Marketing, Green Marketing Strategy Grid, & Suggested Solution.
How to Leverage a Social Impact Strategy to Gain Referrals in Young and Diver...Kristin Messerli
Social impact and corporate social responsibility have become common buzzwords amongst marketers when it comes to reaching Millennials. According to Nielsen, 72% of Gen Z will pay more for a product or service that has a social impact. In order to reach today’s socially-conscious consumers, it is important to not only adopt a social impact strategy for the sake of being “on-trend” but to put into action effective ways to support social causes that are important to consumers. In this webinar, participants will learn how to identify social causes that resonate with today’s consumers and practical ways to incorporate mission into regular business practices. Specifically participants will learn:
What motivates young consumers to care about social causes
Effective messaging tools based on storytelling
How to appropriately use social media for mission-based communication
Strategies to generate referrals through partnering with local organizations and nonprofits
13th cairo marketing club (holistic marketing) by dr.mohamed saadMahmoud Bahgat
13th cairo marketing club (holistic marketing) by dr.mohamed saad
*#Mahmoud_Bahgat*
*#Marketing_Club*
للاشتراك في نادي التسويق بالشرق الاوسط
*If you are a Marketer now*
To Join our whatsapp &Monthly Meeting in Middle East Cities
Send me ur data on Whatsap
00966569654916
*Fill ur data here as speaker or member*
https://lnkd.in/efkTE7T
Join now
*Marketing Club Facebook Page*
https://lnkd.in/gm4c4hD
*Marketing Club Facebook Group*
https://lnkd.in/gX-5au5
*Egyptian Pharmacists Society Facebook Page*
https://lnkd.in/fucnv_5
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
*#Mahmoud_Bahgat*
00966568654916
لخدمات التسويق والدعاية والاعلان
*#Legendary_ADLAND*
Complete Marketing Solutions
*www.LegendaryADLAND.com*
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
للحصول على اقامة او شركة في اوروبا
*#Legendary_Europe*
Europe Companies & Residency
*www.LegendaryEurope.info*
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*Contact Bahgat*
M.Bahgat@TheLegendary.Info
Theory: What are the unique marketing challenges that social enterprises face?
Practice: How have social enterprises applied marketing principles in the real world to market their social venture?
http://www.socialentrepreneurship.ca/entr4800
Franchising - The Future Of Business ExpansionKarrox
A presentation looking at the franchising industry for a business wanting to expand through franchising.
Looks at the various franchise models and also other business expansion models.
End result is that any succesful franchise is probably a mix of the various models.
There are as many models of Franchises as there are business multiplied by the different ambitions and desires of the owners of those bsuinesses.
Orignally created for entrepreneurs interested in the franchising industry and want to partner with Karrox as part of their Franchisor Business Development Program
GREEN MARKETING: What is Green Marketing?, Principles Of Green Marketing, Significance Of Green Marketing, Green Marketing Mix, Challenges Of Green Marketing, Green Marketing Strategy Grid, & Suggested Solution.
How to Leverage a Social Impact Strategy to Gain Referrals in Young and Diver...Kristin Messerli
Social impact and corporate social responsibility have become common buzzwords amongst marketers when it comes to reaching Millennials. According to Nielsen, 72% of Gen Z will pay more for a product or service that has a social impact. In order to reach today’s socially-conscious consumers, it is important to not only adopt a social impact strategy for the sake of being “on-trend” but to put into action effective ways to support social causes that are important to consumers. In this webinar, participants will learn how to identify social causes that resonate with today’s consumers and practical ways to incorporate mission into regular business practices. Specifically participants will learn:
What motivates young consumers to care about social causes
Effective messaging tools based on storytelling
How to appropriately use social media for mission-based communication
Strategies to generate referrals through partnering with local organizations and nonprofits
13th cairo marketing club (holistic marketing) by dr.mohamed saadMahmoud Bahgat
13th cairo marketing club (holistic marketing) by dr.mohamed saad
*#Mahmoud_Bahgat*
*#Marketing_Club*
للاشتراك في نادي التسويق بالشرق الاوسط
*If you are a Marketer now*
To Join our whatsapp &Monthly Meeting in Middle East Cities
Send me ur data on Whatsap
00966569654916
*Fill ur data here as speaker or member*
https://lnkd.in/efkTE7T
Join now
*Marketing Club Facebook Page*
https://lnkd.in/gm4c4hD
*Marketing Club Facebook Group*
https://lnkd.in/gX-5au5
*Egyptian Pharmacists Society Facebook Page*
https://lnkd.in/fucnv_5
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
*#Mahmoud_Bahgat*
00966568654916
لخدمات التسويق والدعاية والاعلان
*#Legendary_ADLAND*
Complete Marketing Solutions
*www.LegendaryADLAND.com*
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
للحصول على اقامة او شركة في اوروبا
*#Legendary_Europe*
Europe Companies & Residency
*www.LegendaryEurope.info*
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
*Contact Bahgat*
M.Bahgat@TheLegendary.Info
Theory: What are the unique marketing challenges that social enterprises face?
Practice: How have social enterprises applied marketing principles in the real world to market their social venture?
http://www.socialentrepreneurship.ca/entr4800
Franchising - The Future Of Business ExpansionKarrox
A presentation looking at the franchising industry for a business wanting to expand through franchising.
Looks at the various franchise models and also other business expansion models.
End result is that any succesful franchise is probably a mix of the various models.
There are as many models of Franchises as there are business multiplied by the different ambitions and desires of the owners of those bsuinesses.
Orignally created for entrepreneurs interested in the franchising industry and want to partner with Karrox as part of their Franchisor Business Development Program
The Rise of Direct Selling in India Trends, Challenges, and OpportunitiesSmartValue
For More Information Visit - https://smartvaluelimited.wordpress.com/2023/12/15/the-rise-of-direct-selling-in-india-trends-challenges-and-opportunities/
A Project Report on the impact of surrogate advertisement in surrogate produc...Shameer M
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
As in today’s advertisement scenario, surrogate advertisements holds great potential and growth when compare to other advertisements.
This growth and potentiality directed to enter into this sector. The success story of a good advertisement depends on how it creates image before customer’s mind. This study tries to reveal the knowledge and perception of customer’s by exploring their experiences and valuable suggestions.
Also trying to find out whether the surrogate advertisements make some impact throughout the market. Only some advertisements make the customers to try the product.
So descriptive type of research is adopted for studying the overall market. Non probability sampling technique, convenient sampling is carried out for collecting the primary data. Though the percentage method data’s is being interpreted .
Primary as well as secondary data’s were collected through questionnaire method, and it helps to experience the advertisement perception of customer directly.
Customers mainly remind the surrogate advertisements because on the medium, it is represented through different media’s. The entire study points out the area of improvements, while doing the surrogate advertisements.
As every advertisement were intended to create some good impacts on customer’s mind; ethically it has to satisfy all the desires and needs of customer. It came to know that people remember the brand names and ask for the surrogate products. Because of the knowledge and awareness level of surrogate advertisements are high, it is sure that liquor companies can take the mileage through surrogate products.
Retail is a sunrise sector in the Indian business world. In the past few years, Indian has seen a revolution in the retail sector. More and more foreign retailers are now eyeing India as a perfect investment destination for retail ventures. Not only from the investment side , but also from the employment angle as it represents a large employment opportunity for people with diverse skill set
Addressing Competition and Driving Growth. Presentation Sebagai kelengkapan pengerjaan Tugas Besar satu, mata kuliah Strategic Marketing. Universitas Mercu Buana Program Studi Magister Management. Kampus Warung Buncit
DIFFERENT LOYALTY PROGRAMS IN BIG BAZAAR AND ITS VALUE TO THE CUSTOMER.NITESH RANJAN
This is a Project work done with the research o the Loyalty programs in Big Bazaar at the time of 2015 during Marketing internship at Jamshedpur store. It covers most of the information about the response of customer towards the loyalty programs through the pie charts and subjective matter according to the Market situation at that time.
An increasing number of online retailers (e.g. Amazon) are investing billions of dollars in building their own delivery services (ODS) and delivering products to customers’ homes through their own logistics network. ODS not only improves delivery quality but also builds customer trust, which together increases customers’ monthly spending, purchase frequency, and the number of items ordered. ODS has greater value for markets with lower trust levels, infrequent customers, high-risk product categories, and consumers who prefer the focal retailer.
Brands have tremendous opportunities to disseminate socially relevant messages embedded in the narratives of their TV ads to impact socially beneficial outcomes. Brands should be strategic about their advertising not just from a brand-outcome standpoint, but also from a societal-outcome standpoint. Brand advertising can indeed do societal good!
A decentralized onboarding program can develop salespeople into higher performers than a centralized onboarding program can, partly due to its ability to foster in newcomers a more innovative and adaptive approach to their role.
Stock market pressures are known to reduce manager incentives to invest in breakthrough innovations. Innovation imprinting, which captures establishing product priorities and building market capabilities before the firm goes public, helps companies remain innovative after the IPO. This works because innovation imprinting attracts a segment of concordant investors whose risk preferences are more supportive of innovation.
The marketing literature has defined authenticity as a perceptual quality that consumers attribute to a brand. Following this definition, research has sought to identify the essential features that brands, business, or celebrities possess, which drive these perceptions of authenticity and conversely, to identify the contrasting features that generate perceptions of inauthenticity. We argue that this conventional approach, while making intuitive sense, is unable to effectively grapple with the cultural complexity manifest in the process of “authenticating” a brand. Using semiotic theory, we develop a framework that marketing managers can use to analyze the cultural contradictions of authenticity that can undermine their authenticity claims.
The slides describe the nature, functioning, and performance relevance of Machiavellianism in alliance partnerships. The paradox of Machiavellianism is that it is a strategy a firm uses to manipulate the partner to improve its own gain, but doing so is likely to prove detrimental to its performance in the alliance. Our Theories-in-Use discussions surfaced manifestations of Machiavellianism’s behavioral side that would allow the detection of a Machiavellian partner. Machiavellian firms are likely to exhibit behaviors that reflect its dimensions, such as hypervigilance, authoritative work patterns, and calculative adaptations. Managers’ ability to harness shared experiences provides a way to work with these firms more successfully.
This research examines the impact of premium organic specialist store entry on category sales at incumbent generalist stores. The results indicate that incumbent stores lose about 3% in sales after a local organic store entry. The study also examines managerially relevant factors that can influence the magnitude of sales losses. The results show that incumbent generalist stores can reduce sales losses by reducing the relative distinctiveness of the entrant along three dimensions: variety, price-quality, and authenticity.
A new study in the Journal of Marketing shows that the design of websites used for buying health insurance combined with high-quality big data can produce big savings for consumers. When health insurance products are ordered such that the best options for the consumer appear first in the presented list, this strongly improves consumers' decisions. If the list is also partitioned to show a small number of options first (with an easy option to click through to see all options), this further improves consumers' decisions. However, importantly, if the best options are not at the top of the list, partitioning can harm consumer decision quality.
A new study in the Journal of Marketing shows that the design of websites used for buying health insurance combined with high-quality big data can produce big savings for consumers. When health insurance products are ordered such that the best options for the consumer appear first in the presented list, this strongly improves consumers' decisions. If the list is also partitioned to show a small number of options first (with an easy option to click through to see all options), this further improves consumers' decisions. However, importantly, if the best options are not at the top of the list, partitioning can harm consumer decision quality.
While marketing researchers increasingly employ web data, the idiosyncratic and sometimes insidious challenges in its collection have received limited attention. How can researchers ensure that the datasets generated via web scraping and APIs are valid? A new article in the Journal of Marketing proposes a methodological framework that highlights how addressing validity concerns requires the joint consideration of idiosyncratic technical and legal/ethical questions. The framework covers the broad spectrum of validity concerns arising from the automatic collection of web data for academic use along the three stages of collecting web data: selecting data sources, designing the data collection, and extracting the data.
Barbering, beer, coffee, hand soaps, tattoos, and even ice cream. The craft movement is everywhere. Everything is becoming artisanal, boutique, custom, and handcrafted. How did we get there? How can firms take advantage of this?
The findings of this research provide substantive practical implications to policy makers, marketers, and charity organizations by identifying a quite simple and highly actionable strategy to promote charitable giving, that is framing charitable giving as gift rather donation.
This paper outlines a strategy to identify brand alliances by examining co-followership on Twitter. By examining the brands who share the same followers, it is possible to model the closeness of brands over time and across product categories.
GMO labels create vertical differentiation for many consumers by signaling that non-GM products are better than GM products, drawing attention away from factors such as price – making it less important – and allowing firms to charge a premium for non-GM products.
Exposure to dogs (cats) makes consumers subsequently more promotion- (prevention-) focused, meaning that consumers will become more eager (cautious) in pursuing a goal and more risk-seeking (risk averse) when making decisions.
Exposure to dogs (cats) makes consumers subsequently more promotion- (prevention-) focused, meaning that consumers will become more eager (cautious) in pursuing a goal and more risk-seeking (risk averse) when making decisions.
Quasi-experimental methods are an increasingly important tool for marketing scholars. This work aims to broaden the understanding of quasi-experimental methods among marketing scholars and those who read their work by describing the underlying logic and set of actions that make their work convincing.
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024FelixPerez547899
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
Holger Mueller of Constellation Research shares his key takeaways from SAP's Sapphire confernece, held in Orlando, June 3rd till 5th 2024, in the Orange Convention Center.
An introduction to the cryptocurrency investment platform Binance Savings.Any kyc Account
Learn how to use Binance Savings to expand your bitcoin holdings. Discover how to maximize your earnings on one of the most reliable cryptocurrency exchange platforms, as well as how to earn interest on your cryptocurrency holdings and the various savings choices available.
Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptxJeremyPeirce1
Discover the top mailing list providers in the USA, offering targeted lists, segmentation, and analytics to optimize your marketing campaigns and drive engagement.
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024SEOSMMEARTH
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
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Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...my Pandit
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
In the Adani-Hindenburg case, what is SEBI investigating.pptxAdani case
Adani SEBI investigation revealed that the latter had sought information from five foreign jurisdictions concerning the holdings of the firm’s foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) in relation to the alleged violations of the MPS Regulations. Nevertheless, the economic interest of the twelve FPIs based in tax haven jurisdictions still needs to be determined. The Adani Group firms classed these FPIs as public shareholders. According to Hindenburg, FPIs were used to get around regulatory standards.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
FIA officials brutally tortured innocent and snatched 200 Bitcoins of worth 4...jamalseoexpert1978
Farman Ayaz Khattak and Ehtesham Matloob are government officials in CTW Counter terrorism wing Islamabad, in Federal Investigation Agency FIA Headquarters. CTW and FIA kidnapped crypto currency owner from Islamabad and snatched 200 Bitcoins those worth of 4 billion rupees in Pakistan currency. There is not Cryptocurrency Regulations in Pakistan & CTW is official dacoit and stealing digital assets from the innocent crypto holders and making fake cases of terrorism to keep them silent.
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
Effects of Liberalization on Incumbent Firms’ Marketing Mix Responses and Performance: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment
1. From:
Can marketing help incumbent
firms respond to foreign firms
entering the market?
“the retail sector…should not be given away to the foreign
players while it is too young to compete on a level-playing field”
-Kishore Biyani, CEO of largest incumbent retailer in India, in
response to foreign entrants to the Indian retail industry
Ramani and Srinivasan (2019)
2. From:From:
What is liberalization? Opening a market to foreign
competition.
Foreign entrants following liberalization have superior capital, technology, and
management practices
For incumbent firms, relatively inexperienced at operating in open markets, foreign
entrants represent learning opportunities
How does liberalization affect incumbent firm performance?
Increases competition, leading to poorer profitability and revenues
May threaten incumbent firm survival, causing them to exit the market
Liberalization
Ramani and Srinivasan (2019)
3. From:From:
A study of 3,927 Indian incumbent firms between 1989 and 2000
examined how marketing can help incumbent firms effectively face
liberalization
For incumbent firms with greater knowledge of domestic
institutions and market forces: increasing their distribution
improved profitability
For incumbent firms with prior exposure to foreign markets and
firms: increasing their promotions, i.e. discounts and consumer
rebates, improved profitability
How marketing can help to combat
threats from liberalization
Ramani and Srinivasan (2019)