3. Technology is simply a tool to aid education and
learning, also technology should not be told as a
separate schools subject, but as a tool, technology
should be used in all classrooms. Any learning
concerning technology should be based around the
theme and objectives of the class. The place
of technology in pedagogy is based on various factors
far the most popular topic concerning 21st century
learning and education and many of the videos on
YouTube are about just that. Although some of these
videos cover other ideas, technology still seems to be
the central focus. So the purpose of this article is two-
fold: One is to address some of the misconceptions
out there about technology and also is about how to
implement technology effectively and use in practical
pragmatic way.
4. When schools cut corners in terms of spending on
technology the result of this is that the things that they do
buy are already outdated before they have bought them.
For technology to be relevant, constant investment has to
be made in that technology, its replacement and updating. I
think that any investment in technology has to be made
very consciously of the reasons why and how it's going to
Another issue up with technology at the moment is the poor
investment in such technology without the support and
consultation of EdTech staff. Schools are spending money on
technology but they don’t know what it's for how to use it. And
because they spent so much money on the technology they
lack in spending more on training teachers properly on how to
use it. So the end result of this is that things such as
interactive whiteboards end up being glorified TV sets in the
classroom or simply used as regular whiteboards.
5. Current Trends in Teaching
and Learning in the future.
Student-Centered Learning
Teaching Higher Cognitive and Non-Cognitive
Skills
The Spread of New Information Technology
6. Student-Centered Learning
- also known as learner-centered education,
broadly encompasses methods of teaching
that
shift the focus of instruction from the teacher
to
the student.
The student-centered techniques will not replace
completely the teacher institution-centered
approach but there will be a slow and steady
increase in the use of student-centered learning
within
the traditional system.
To become competent and people must continue
studying.
New forms of education delivery such as open
university.
7. Teaching Higher Cognitive
and Non-Cognitive Skills
Increasing emphasis on group learning activities
Group learning activities has given further
impetus
by the development of science and technology
based games, simulation and case studies.
Decision-making, communications, and
interpretation skills are now regarded as the
essential part of a properly rounded education.
8. The Spread of New
Information Technology
IT in all various forms and manifestations is
making
an increasing impact on education.
IT is now becoming the current trend in
equipping
quality education.
IT equipments are rapidly becoming cheap.
9.
10. Overhead Projector in
Education
A device that projects an enlarged image of a transparency
placed
on it onto a wall or screen by means of an overhead mirror.
The Overhead Projector, or “OHP” is one of the most frequently
used (and misused) tools in education and training today. It may
be
facing a challenge from the data projector, but it is still more
flexible and useful for all except uninterrupted, rehearsed
presentations.
NOTES TO USE:
The use of the OHP or data projector sends a message: “This
has
been prepared.” This is in contrast to using the whiteboard or flip
chart, which sends “This is spontaneous,” or, "I am reacting to
11. OHP vs. Data Projector
Data projectors are becoming increasingly popular and more
frequently built in to classrooms. If you have to choose, consider
these factors:
OPH
• Not much to go wrong: and if
it does, you can often fix it
yourself
• Restricted in the range of
media it can use: OHTs and a
few transparent or silhouetted
objects
• Can easily take OHTs out of
sequence, to re-cap or jump
ahead to respond to a
question.
DATA PROJECTOR
• Requires a computer as well, and
a link: there's a lot of
temperamental hardware.
• Can use static or animated
graphics, sound and even movie
clips, with a sufficiently powerful
machine
• Needs a dual-monitor set up, if
students are not to see the nuts
and bolts of the set-up when you
want to select a slide out of order
(learn to blank the screen while
12. OPH
• OHTs are bulky and rather
fragile
• Temptation to use badly-
designed OHTs: pages of books
copied onto transparencies, for
example.
• You can write on and otherwise
amend OHTs on the fly.
• Students can use write-on OHTs
for reporting back from groups,
etc.
DATA PROJECTOR
• You can put an entire lecture
sequence's material on one
floppy—your entire teaching
career's output on CD or DVD.
• Your presentation package
makes it harder to produce a
bad show than a good one.
• On the whole you are stuck with
what you have prepared.
• Not really practicable, except
with a smart-board
13. Tips for use:
It's sucking eggs time again! Get the OHP set up for optimum image size,
focused, etc. before the class starts. Make sure everyone can see.
Once you are sure of the above, you have no need to look at the screen. You can
concentrate on the class. Needless (?) to say, don't get in their way.
So do not point to material on the screen itself. Use a pen or other pointer on the
stage of the OHP. If your hand is at all shaky, lay the pointer down on the OHP
stage. Standing in front of the screen to point out salient topics:
- means that you are tempted to talk to the screen and not the class
- means that some of the image is projected onto you, and there is a
large obscuring shadow on the screen
The only exception is when you are projecting onto a whiteboard, and
writing/drawing on the board to elaborate on the image. (This is also the only
occasion when you should project onto a whiteboard, which will also reflect back
the light source, and may well form a "hot-spot" obscuring the image for some
students.) Even this can usually be dealt with more effectively by writing on an
overlaid transparency on the OHP stage.
Do not leave an old OHT showing when you have moved on to talk about
something else. Switch off between OHTs, or at least between sequences.
14. Advantage and Disadvantage of
Overhead Projector in Education.
ADVANTAGES
Lecture can use it in the same
way.
Lecture can always face the
class.
Lecture can use it again and
again.
OHP serves both as an
outward non-verbal
communication channel for
the teacher and as a means
of obtaining feed back form
the class on how a session is
going.
DISADVANTAGES
It requires power supply.
It need a suitable flat surface
on which to project its image.
Unless the surface is inclined
forward at the correct angle, the
image will probably suffering
from key stoning.
It requires certain amount of
routine maintenance.
15. ADVANTAGES
OHP can be used to show
pre-prepared material. The
material projected can be
changed easily and quickly,
shapes can be presented and
compared, colors may be
included and exposure can be
controlled.
OHP does not need room to
blackout. It can be used in well
lighted room.
Users friendly and does not
require any technical skill or
knowledge.
DISADVANTAGES
Liable to break down
occasionally.
It is always advisable to
have a spare bulb.
Some lectures find glare
from OHP immediately as
soon as the lamp is switched
off.
