The document discusses peer tutoring and team teaching as techniques for teaching natural science. Peer tutoring involves students supporting other students' learning, with various models like cross-age pairing. Team teaching involves two or more teachers collaboratively planning and conducting lessons, with advantages like variety of ideas and better student involvement but disadvantages like potential resistance to change.

1. EDU-04.9 : THEORETICAL BASIS OF NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION
ASSIGNMENT
TOPIC: Techniques of teaching –
Peer tutoring & Team
teaching
Submitted to, Submitted by,
Dr. Asha K Thomas Ardra S B
Assistant Professor B.Ed Natural
Science
Mount Tabor Training MTTC,
College, Pathanapuram. Pathanapuram.

2. Teaching techniques
 Teaching is the stimulation, guidance, direction
and encouragement of learning (Burton,1963).
 Teaching is a tripolar process- pupils, teacher
and the subject.
 Teaching science to different grades of pupils
presents different problems and the technique
adopted for teaching science also differs .
 Innovations in teaching are mainly based on
the assumption that if we create a proper
situation, we can achieve the desired
modification in the behavioural pattern of the
pupil.
 Some such innovations are simulated social
skill training, team teaching, micro teaching,
peer tutoring, etc .

4. PEER TUTORING
 Peers- people who share a similar status or ability.
 Peer tutoring is a general name for a strategy in
which students support other students in the
learning process.
 Teacher ➡ Student➡ Peers
 Peer tutoring is an approach where learners work
together to impart knowledge and provide teaching
support to each other.
 The student pairs might work on academic, social,
behavioural, functional, or even social skills. There
are many different ways to pair students, such as
by ability level, skills mastered, or age.

5. Characteristics:
 Teachers choose a model best suited
to their students' needs.
 Teachers train students to effectively
act as peer tutors.
 Students support other students in the
learning process .
 Teachers monitor the peer tutoring
process.

6. Peer tutoring models:
 Class Wide Peer Tutoring (CWPT):
whole class is divided into pairs or small groups
no larger than five.
 Cross-Age Peer Tutoring(CAPT): Younger
students are paired with an older student.
 Peer Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS):
Students are paired with students around the
same ability level. The tutee and tutor roles can
change.
 Reciprocal Peer Tutoring (RPT): RPT is a
collaborative learning strategy in which students
alternate between the role of tutor and tutee,
with equitable time in each role.
 Same age peer tutoring

7. Advantages:
 Establishes an environment where
students can learn in small groups and
learn how to work as a team
 Enhances students’ engagement,
communication, and independence skills
 Promotes critical thinking and problem-
solving based learning
 Increases the understanding of course
content
 Builds self-reliance and confidence
 Fosters leadership qualities
 Satisfaction for helping fellow students

8. Disadvantages:
 Peers may lack the knowledge and
professionalism an experienced adult
can provide.
 Supervision is often needed in peer
tutoring situations.
 Relationships between students and
teachers may not be as strong.
 Time consuming.

10. TEAM TEACHING
 Team teaching can be defined as a
group of two or more teachers working
together to plan, conduct and evaluate
the learning activities for the same
group of learners.
 Quinn and Kanter (1984) define team
teaching as "simply team work
between two qualified instructors who,
together, make presentations to an
audience.“

11. Characteristics:
 Involves two or more teachers participating in the
process of teaching.
 The team-teaching activities are decided by the teachers
themselves.
 The team-teaching plan is flexible;
 The responsibility is shared by all the members of staff.
 Different aspects of any topic are taught by an individual
teacher turn by turn.
 In the process the needs of the students, schools and
currently used exciting variety of resources are
considered.
 Every teacher involved in the team-teaching process
teaches and executes the team teaching
process cooperatively.
 Every teacher taking part in the team teaching applies

12. Types:
 Interactive team teaching
 Rotational format team teaching
 Participant- observer team teaching
 Team coordination

13. Advantages:
 Low cost
 Support for teachers
 Closer integration of staff, Staff development
 Variety of ideas
 Better involvement of students
 Mental stimulation to students
 Breaks traditional lecture boredom
 Better bonding between student and teacher
 Provokes participation / interaction, Teachers
can give individual attention
 Imparts the lesson of team management
 Develops interpersonal skills and logic of
students
 Long-term knowledge retention

14. Disadvantages:
 Acceptance of change by teachers.
Resistance from students
 Rigidity in teachers
 Bad team management
 Personality conflict
 Inability to complete curriculum
 Time for coordination and planning.
Takes time to develop.
 The expectation of higher
compensation.