The document discusses various editing techniques used in filmmaking. The continuity editing system is the most common and aims to make cuts invisible, while the non-continuity system prioritizes other goals over narrative and can confuse viewers. Shot reverse shot is used in conversations to show both characters, while match cuts link similar objects or continue actions across shots. Other techniques include cross-cutting between locations, parallel editing, cutaways, inserts, and transitions like dissolves and wipes.

2. EDITING SYSTEMS:
 Continuity System: The Continuity Editing System is the most
common way of editing and is a part of the classical Hollywood
style of film. The editing is almost invisible to the audience which
makes for a seamless viewing of the film. It can be used to achieve a
number of effects such as shifting the audience’s attention to a
particular thing, imply emotion, cut between different events and
locations are to vary points of view.
 Non Continuity System: The Non Continuity System isn't used as
often as it's not a part of the Classical Hollywood Style of film. The
narrative is not the priority in the Non Continuity System which
can often confuse the audience.

3. CUTTING-Shot Reverse Shot:
 Once a 180 degree line has been established, we can
cut from one end to the other which allows us to see
both characters. This is often used in conversations as
we can see both characters to establish a relationship.

4. Eye Line Match:
 A cut which allows the audience to see what a certain
character was looking at that was previously off screen.
This allows the audience to find out extra information.

5. Graphic Match:
 Where two objects that are a similar shape
are dissolved into one another. This is used
to show a connection, similarity or
relationship between two objects.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sV56Ig
e8g14

6. Action Match
 An action that begins in one shot and ends in the
next shot to disguise the cut. This makes the action
more flowing so the viewing is seamless for the
audience.

7. Jump Cut:
 A cut from one shot to the next with no attempt at
continuity which creates the appearance of a ‘jump’.
This is a part of the non continuity system.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ov4mQJIHhc

8. Cross Cutting:
 When two events happening in separate locations are
cut together to give the appearance that they are
happening at the same time. This can show a
relationship between the two events.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmptU7vEkNU

9. Parallel Editing:
 When two related or similar actions are cut together.
This can show that they are similar, related or
connected.

10. Cutaway:
 A shot of an object/person that isn’t in the scene but is
related to it. This can highlight the importance of it to
the audience which otherwise they might not have
realised.

11. Insert Shot:
 A shot of a small element within a scene that is used to
draw the audience’s attention to it to highlight it's
importance.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vsUxVJufiUI

12. DISSOLVE:
 Also known as Mix or Crossfade, the dissolve
transition is usually a more relaxed transition than a
simple cut. They are commonly used for scenery
sequences or photo montages, they can also convey a
sense of time passing or a change of location.

13. FADE IN/FADE OUT:
 Fade ins are when a solid colour is gradually
replaced by a picture and fade outs are the
opposite, when a picture is gradually
replaced by a solid colour or blank film.
Even though they are one of the most
popular transitions, they are used sparingly
in films/TV as they usually imply a
beginning or end to a major story segment.

14. WIPE:
 Wipes are when the new picture pushes the old picture
off the screen. The wipe transition is deliberately used
for dynamic effect.

15. SUPERIMPOSITION:
 Superimposition is when a picture is placed over the
top of another, but both are visible to the viewer.
Superimposition is used for dramatic effect and can
also let the audience know what a character is
thinking.

16. LONG TAKE/SHORT TAKE:
 A long take is an uninterrupted piece of film that lasts
longer than a usual shot would take. Long takes
usually last several minutes and are rarely used in
film/TV because they require none or very little
editing.
 A short take is the opposite to a long take, they are very
fast shots that last a lot shorter than a usual shot,
giving the viewer less time to establish what is
happening in the shot.

17. SLOW MOTION:
 Movements on the screen appearing slower than they
would in actual life. A filmmaker achieves slow motion
by running film through his camera at a speed faster
than the standard 24 frames per second; subsequent
projection at 24 frames per second slows down the
action. A shot shown in slow motion can make the
shot more dramatic and tense for the viewer.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvKJ2gb9MJA

18. ELLIPSIS/EXPANSION OF TIME:
 Ellipsis is both a narrative device and the most basic idea in
film editing. Ellipsis concerns the omission of a section of
the story that is either obvious enough for the public to fill
in or concealed for a narrative purpose, such as suspense or
mystery.
 Expansion of time editing is when the time of a video is
manipulated into making the video sequence longer than it
originally was. This is usually used to make it easier for the
audience to see what is happening and is similar to slow
motion.

19. VISUAL EFFECTS:
 Visual effects are used to create scenes that seem/look
realistic to the audience when in reality they are
impossible to film in real life. The actual shots are
integrated with computer generated images to make
dangerous/expensive/impossible situations look real
to the viewer.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyvwhhLXl60

20. QUIZ:
1. Where is shot reverse shot often used?
2. What is the effect of a graphic match?
3. Which film making system is a jump cut a part of?
4. What is cross cutting?
5. Why would you use an insert shot?
6. Why would you use visual effects?
7. What are dissolve transitions also known as?
8. Why would you use a superimposition?
9. How is slow motion achieved?
10. Why is ellipsis used in editing?