This study aimed to examine the applicability of ultrasonography (ULT) for estimating human muscle volume by comparing it to the gold standard of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The tibialis anterior muscle volume of 6 subjects was estimated using both ULT and MRI. ULT produced highly reproducible results but tended to underestimate volumes below 120cm3 and overestimate volumes above. Overall, ULT was found to be a valid and reproducible method for estimating volume in superficial muscles, though it was more time consuming than MRI and restricted to superficial muscles only. ULT may introduce a measurement error of around 7% for muscle volumes between 70-400cm3.