This document provides information about the history of alphabets and literature in Bulgaria. It discusses:
- Saints Cyril and Methodius who created the Glagolithic alphabet, the first alphabet for Slavic manuscripts in the 9th century.
- The development and spread of the Cyrillic alphabet from the Glagolithic.
- The establishment of literary schools in Bulgaria where theology was taught in Old Church Slavonic and the Glagolithic alphabet.
- Important Bulgarian writers, poets, and literary works from the 19th and 20th centuries that helped develop Bulgarian literature.
- Famous Bulgarian fairy tales that were gathered orally from the people and feature unexpected plot twists.
Religious education in uzbekistan under sovietijejournal
It is imperative to identify and analyze the educational policies, embarked in Soviet Central Asia. This paper investigates the seven decades Communist rule in Muslim oriented Central Asia with a special focus to Islamic education policies and approaches. The Communist party serves as a seedbed of power not only in economics and politics but also in the realm of ideology and education. The interrogation and persecution on Religious education institutions, its carriers and scholars, Ulamas and believers clearly depicts the atheistic religious policy of soviets. Atheistic propaganda was intensified in the early 1920’s and 1930’s arbitrary arrests and execution took place to eliminate Muslim leaders who refused to cooperate
with the authorities. All Islamic schools (Maktabas and Madrassas) were closed and religious literature was confiscated. Inspite the approach of “drying them out” Islamic education survived in hujra (monastic cell) system of education.
« Архангельская область – родина М.В. Ломоносова»TaNuNu
Урок по английскому языку с использованием национально-регионального компонента по теме « Архангельская область – родина М.В. Ломоносова»
Посвящается 300летию со дня рождения М.В.Ломоносова.
This presentation is a part of the final product DVD “Portfolio about famous people from the region, virtual gallery” made by students from Sredno Obshtoobrazovatelno Uchilishte "Vasil Levski", Haskovo, Bulgaria. Responsible of final product: Escola Básica de Alvor, Portugal.
Scott holds that a remarkable correspondence exists between the procedure established by those institutions and the methods of the present day. They had their collegiate courses, their prizes for proficiency in scholarship, their oratorical and poetical contests, their commencements and their degrees. In the department of medicine, a severe and prolonged examination, conducted by the most eminent physicians of the capital, was exacted of all candidates desirous of practicing their profession, and such as were unable to stand the test were formally pronounced incompetent.citation needed.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
3. ALPHABET
Saints Cyril and Methodius (826-869, 815-885) were two brothers who
were Byzantine Christian theologians and Christian missionaries. Through
their work they influenced the cultural development of all Slavs, for which
they received the title “Apostles of the Slavs”. They are credited with devising
the Glagolithic alphabet, the original alphabet that they created. After their
death, their disciples continued their missionary work among other Slavs.
Both brothers are venerated in the Orthodox Church as saints as well as their
students.
4. ALPHABET
In 862 the brothers began the work which would have
given them their historical importance. In 863 they began
translating the Bible into the language now known as Old
Church Slavonic* and travelled to Great Moravia to promote
it. For the purpose of this mission, they devised the Glagolithic
alphabet, the first alphabet to be used for Slavonic
manuscripts. The Glagolithic alphabet was suited to match the
specific features of the Slavic language. Its descendant script,
the Cyrillic, is still used by many languages today. They wrote
the first Slavic Civil Code, which was used in Great Moravia.
*Old Church Slavonic is, actually, the written Old
Bulgarian in Russian edition
5. ALPHABET
The Glagolithic and Cyrillic alphabets are the oldest known
Slavic alphabets, and were created by the two brothers and their
students, to translate the Bible and other texts into the Slavic
languages. The early Cyrillic alphabet was developed in the First
Bulgarian Empire and later finalized and spread by disciples
Kliment and Naum as a simplification of the Glagolitic alphabet
which more closely resembled the Greek alphabet.
6. ALPHABET
After the adoption of Christianity
in 865, religious ceremonies in
Bulgaria were conducted in Greek by
clergy sent from the Byzantine Empire.
Fearing growing Byzantine influence
and weakening of the state, Boris I
viewed the adoption of the Old
Slavonic language as a way to
preserve the political independence
and stability of Bulgaria. He
established two literary schools in
Pliska and Ohrid where theology was
to be taught in the Slavonic language
and the Glagolithic alphabet.
7. ALPHABET
It is also known as
Alphabet, Culture and
Literature Day. Saints Cyril and
Methodius are patrons of the
National Library of Bulgaria.
In Bulgaria on the 24th of May it is
celebrated the Bulgarian Education and
Culture, and Slavonic Literature Day. It
is a national holiday celebrating
Bulgarian culture and literature as well
as the alphabet.
9. My beloved school - school history
Our school was established in 1859 by the
prominent Bulgarian Ivan Momchilov. It is the
first class school in Gorna Oryahovitsa.
Momchilov was born on the 19.10.1819 in
Elena. He was one of the the most well-
educated people for the time. In 1843 he
started his teaching work. Ivan Momchilov
included some new subjects like Bulgarian
grammar, Russian, Hygiene and Gymnastics.
His students were conscious of education and
their love towards the home country. The
founder died in 1869.
10. My beloved school - school history
Radko Radoslavov was the second headmaster of
the school. He was one of the co-founders of the
town library and the first mayor right after the
Liberation. In the 1875/1876 school year Sava
Sirmanov made the school teaching up to the 5th
grade. The next headmaster was Ivan Semerdjiev.
His main work was to prepare the so-called April
Riot in Gorna Oryahovitsa. Together with some
other teachers including Georgi Izmirliev they were
captured and sued. Semerdjiev and Izmirliev were
sentenced to death and hung.
11. My beloved school - school history
After the Liberation in 1878 the school
continued to exist but its best teachers went in
Sofia where they had to take part in the
government. In 1892 started the discussion of
the students’ success and discipline. From 1897
to 1912 the school had classes up to the 7th
grade. On 7th of November 1910 the school
council named the school after the teacher and
the apostle Georgi Izmirliev.
12. My beloved school - school history
In the school year 1912/1913 boys and girls studied
together. Because of an earthquake on 01.06.1913 the
building was destroyed. Soon classes started. From 1918
to 1922 the school had classes up to the 12th grade. It
became a secondary school where you could study even
Pedagogy. In 1931 the school celebration was
pronounced to be on the 28th of May. During its
development the school changed its status – in 1937 it
was a school for both boys and girls, while in 1942 it was
separated - one for the boys and another one for the
girls. In 1950 it was united again. In 1945 the school
changed its building, in fact today’s old building. From
1959 to 1976 the school had some technical classes.
13. My beloved school - school history
From 1960 on the school celebration
is on the 21st of April – the birthday of
its patron Georgi Izmirliev. In 1981 the
school had already some new buildings.
From 1980 to 2016 it got some changes
in its name and the subjects studied.
From 2016 on the school is called
Secondary School Georgi Izmirliev. For its
success the school was given many
orders and awards during the time. The
school history from its foundation up to
now could be read in a chronicle.
Secondary School Georgi Izmirliev is one
of the Innovative Schools in Bulgaria.
14. Bulgarian literature
Bulgarian literature can be said to be one of the
oldest among the Slavic peoples. Its roots are during
the late 9th century and the times of Simeon I of the
First Bulgarian Empire. Going through the ages many
scholars worked in the Preslav and Ohrid Literary
schools,creating the Cyrillic script. Because of the
political things Bulgarian literature had rises and falls.
15. Famous writers and poets
Hristo Botev-
1848-1876
Lyuben Karavelov-
1834-1879
Georgi Sava Rakovski-
1821-1867
16. Famous writers and poets
Ivan Vazov-
1850-1921
Under the Yoke
Epopee of the
Forgotten
Aleko Konstantinov-
1863-1897
Bay Ganyo,To Chicago
and Back
Zahari Stoyanov-
1850-1889
Memoirs of the
Bulgarian Uprisings
17. Famous writers and poets
Paisiy Hilendarski
( Paisius of Hilendar)-
1722-1773
Istoriya
Slavyanobolgarskaya
Nikola Vaptsarov-
1909-1942
Dimcho Debelyanov-
1887-1916
18. Famous writers and poets
Peyo Yavorov-
1878-1914
Pencho Slaveykov-
1866-1912
Hristo Smirnenski-
1898-1923
19. Famous writers and poets
Geo Milev-
1895-1925
Yordan Yovkov-
1880-1937
Elin Pelin-
1877-1949
20. Famous writers and poets
Dimitar Dimov-
1909-1966
Tobacco
Dimitar Talev-
1898-1966
The Iron Oil Lamp
Valeri Petrov-
1920-2014
21. Famous writers and poets
Vera Mutafchieva-
1929-2009
Fani Popova-Mutafova-
1902-1977
23. Fairy Tales and Folk Songs
Bulgarian folk songs and fairy tales were gathered from the
people living on the the land. It all started orally. Most tales
are funny and feature unexpected plot twist. They are loved
by both children and adults.
Some of the most famous are:
The three brothers and the golden apple
Krali Marko
The Stone Wedding
Hitar Petar and his shadow
Hitar Petar and his sack of jokes
