2. The appearance of the
Bulgarian schools is closely
connected with the great
historic deed of the
Slavonic brothers Cyril and
Methodius, the creators of
the Slavonic script.
3. The Old-Bulgarian author Chernorizetz Hrabar
claimed that if in Byzantium the creators of the Greek
script were familiar to only few men-of-letters, in
Bulgaria even school children knew that their letters
had been conceived by Constantine-Cyril, the
Philosopher. Paradoxically, however, within a short
period of time two alphabets - the Glagolitic and the
Cyrillic - were created and, respectively, replaced, and
so far scholars are not unanimous in their opinion of
which one of them was created by Constantine-Cyril.
4. The work of Cyril and
Methodius and their students
was saved by Knjaz Boris
and the Bulgarian people.
Boris I was a Bulgarian king
who introduced Christianity
and imposed the Cyrillic
alphabet in Bulgaria.
"The teacher's chair is the highest of the country and nobody
can sit on it neither knjaz nor caesar“ - Knjaz Boris
5. Knjaz Boris gave a warm and hearty welcome to
Climent, Naum and Angelarii in Pliska in 886.
Climent and Naum were helped by Knjaz Boris and Tsar
Simeon and they set up literary schools in Preslav and
Ohrid. It is considered to be the first formal schools.
6. Naum was the Climent was the
organizer of the Preslav founder and leader of
the Ohrid literary
literary school. school.
7. An unprecedented flowering of
the literature and culture
happened during the rule of
tsar Simeon. This period was
called
"THE GOLDEN AGE“
and it was the first one.
8. The Bulgarian King Simeon The Great (893-927) welcomed
the disciples of the "Apostles of the Slavs," St. Cyril and
Methodius and furthered their effort. A court school was
established in the Bulgarian capital of Preslav. Bulgaria
became the "cradle of Slavic civilization", where an estimated
3,500 priest-teachers were trained, large-scale translation of
service books was carried out, and original works of theology,
philosophy, literature, and art were created.
9. Monastery schools
Monastery schools were the first form of
education in Bulgaria. They are with
religious character. This type of schools
began its development from the
monasteries, churches and cloisters.
10. Teachers in the monastery schools were mostly
monks and priests, less educated artisans and
merchants. The number of students did not
exceed 10-20 children. The training consisted in
acquiring basic skills in writing, reading and
arithmetic, and teaching was conducted in
Church- Slavonic or Greek.
11. A new period of the development of the
Bulgarian education started during the
Bulgarian Revival. It was the time when the
education was worth as much as a treasure for
the family. A lot of secular schools were
opened during that time. They were supported
by Bulgarians.
12. The national revival was stirred
by a "Slav-Bulgarian History," a
book written in 1762 by the monk
Paisii from the Hilendar
Monastery in Mount Athos. It
revived the memory of past glory
and had enormous impact on the
nation. Other books followed and
generated a popular movement
for secular education, which was
at the mainstream of the
Bulgarian national renaissance.
13. Hellenic-Bulgarian schools
Еlin-Bulgarian schools appear
at the beginning of the XIX
century by nature they are
secular. They taught
mathematics, philosophy,
history, natural history. The
basic training is conducted in
Greek, but unlike a purely
Greek schools is included and
the study of Bulgarian. It is
believed that the first Hellenic-
Bulgarian school was opened in
Svishtov in 1815.
14. Outstanding role played for the
opening of those schools-the
printed in 1824 "Primer with
different teachings, " written by
PetarBeron."Fish Primer" was
written in pure Bulgarian and
served to Bulgarian children as a
textbook in history, geography,
physics from zoology. In its
forward, the author gave
valuable pedagogical advice to
teachers and promoted the
concepts of secular education.
15. Mutual and classrooms schools
Ten years after Petar Beron printed its primer, on the
initiative of the rich and patriotic merchants in Gabrovo was
established the first mutual school. The idea of opening a
school in the city comes from the great Maecenas of
Bulgarian education Vasil Aprilov. Mutual school is secular
elementary school during the Bulgarian Renaissance, which
used Bell-Lancaster method of training. Under this method,
some of the more advanced students learn some of their
classmates.
16. The mutual school for girls – Pleven 1840
In 1840 in her native city of Pleven Anastasiya
Dimitrova opened the first school for girls. Graduated
girls became teachers or they opened new mutual
schools in other towns in Bulgaria
17. In the Class School for the
First class school first time in Bulgarian
education students were
divided into classes.
Daskalolivnitsata is the first
Bulgarian secondary school,
founded by Ivan Momchilov
in 1843 in Elena. In fact class
schools prepare future
teachers and the new
generation Renaissance
intellectuals.
18. Professional schools
Professional education institutions (universities)
are the highest level in the Bulgarian educational
system. In them Bulgarian society is rediscovering
educational word with renewed vigor. For the first
time the Bulgarians were able to get an education
in that level only in 1904. Among the figures of the
Renaissance, many of whom have been educated
abroad, brewing idea of opening a university that
would "equalize the Bulgarians with independent
political, civic and cultural camps erected nations".
19. The first University in Bulgaria
The first University in Bulgaria is the Sofia University
"St. Kliment Ohridski ". It was created by a decision of
the National Assembly on October 1, 1888 as the
Higher Educational Course for First Secondary School
for Boys. After several months it was renamed the
Academy and from 1904 - at a university. Its first rector
was the famous Bulgarian linguist Aleksandar
Teodorov-Balan.
