This document provides an overview of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1. It discusses how Dynamic Memory allows virtual machines to dynamically adjust their memory allocation based on usage to improve consolidation ratios with minimal performance impact. It covers the architecture including adding and removing memory from VMs, and how Dynamic Memory impacts root memory reserves and NUMA memory management. Alternative memory techniques from VMware like page sharing and second level paging are also briefly discussed.
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webinar vmware v-sphere performance management Challenges and Best PracticesMetron
With the majority of businesses using internal Cloud Services, whether it be Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) or Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) in a VMware vSphere environment, this presentation gives an insight into how to manage the gathering Storm Clouds. After an introduction to VMware's Virtual Infrastructure 4 (vSphere) environment andCloud Computing, we discuss how Capacity Management provides the means to spot potential Storm Clouds far in advance and more specifically, how you can avoid them.
Delving deeper we look at IaaS and how to identify potential capacity on demand issues. Discussion focuses on topics such as:
•identifying whether virtual machines are under or over provisioned
•the advantages/disadvantages of application sizing
•how to minimize SLA impact
•whether to scale the infrastructure out, up or in and ultimately how to get it right.
Typically organizations have adopted a "silo mentality" whereby they ring fence IT systems and don’t share resources through lack of trust and confidence. We look at the advantages virtualization brings in terms of flexibility, scalability, cost reduction (monetary and environmental) and how we can protect our 'loved ones' through resource pools, shares, reservations and limits.
With all this in mind, join us to find out what information and processes we recommend you need to have and implement to avoid an Internal Storm and ensure that Brighter Outlook!
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Based on the book http://virtual-red-dot.info/performance-and-capacity-management/
Master performance and capacity management of VMware SDDC
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High availability in a virtualized workload may require to sacrifice failover cluster performance. Using an optimized for virtualization approach on data storage and virtual machines placement and protection will give you desired boost of performance.
The presentation shows how to:
- Achieve true Hyper-V cluster high availability with just 2 Hyper-V hosts and zero storage hardware
- Boost Hyper-V cluster performance by configuring automatic dynamic optimization
- Effectively track VMs resources usage
- Save an extra 30% of Hyper-V cluster resources by utilizing agentless antivirus
Master VMware Performance and Capacity ManagementIwan Rahabok
12 Sep 2016 update: See this http://virtual-red-dot.info/operationalize-sddc-program-2/ for details.
-------------
Based on the book http://virtual-red-dot.info/performance-and-capacity-management/
Master performance and capacity management of VMware SDDC
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For more information on Virtualization Manager visit: http://www.solarwinds.com/virtualization-manager.aspx
Watch this webcast: http://www.solarwinds.com/resources/webcasts/hyper-v-vs-vsphere-understanding-the-differences.html
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The virtualization market is abuzz with talk of different hypervisors – most prominently VMware ESX® versus Microsoft Hyper-V®, who together own over 90% of the market. Small and medium businesses are already moving quickly toward Hyper-V, and a growing number of larger organizations are beginning to put plans in place to transition some portion of their environment from ESX to Hyper-V.
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http://www.tomrichey.net
This PowerPoint was designed to accompany a lecture on the history of the English Reformation. The English Reformation began with a controversy over Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon. In order to ensure an orderly succession (and to marry the much more attractive Anne Boleyn), Henry steered the Act of Supremacy through Parliament, which declared him to be the Supreme Head of the Church of England. While Henry dissolved the monasteries and established the Anglican Church as separate from Rome, he made no major changes to Catholic doctrine (which he had defended in the early days of the Reformation).
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Dynamic Memory Management Hyperv 2008 R2 S
1. Hyper-V and Dynamic Memory in Depth
Dr. Eduardo Castro Martínez
Microsoft MVP
ecastro@mswindowscr.org
http://comunidadwindows.org
http://ecastrom.blogspot.com
3. Windows 2008 R2 SP1 Overview
• New capabilities that will enhance both virtualized server
and virtualized desktop deployments
– Remote FX: With Microsoft RemoteFX, users will be
able to work remotely in a Windows Aero desktop
environment, watch full-motion video, enjoy
Silverlight animations, and run 3D applications within
a Hyper-V VM – all with the fidelity of a local-like
performance.
– Hyper-V Dynamic Memory: With Hyper-V Dynamic
Memory, Hyper-V will enable greater virtual machine
density suitable for servers and VDI deployments.
5. No one can size VMs
• How much memory does an IIS server actually need?
• SQL Server
• Print server?
• File server?
• Branch Cache?
• Direct Access?
• How much will performance be affected if you halved the
amount of memory in a VM?
6. No one wants to size VMs
“New virtual machines get 1GB of RAM [no matter what the
VM is running]. I only give people more memory if they
complain about performance”
“All VMs get 4GB of RAM [I have no idea what is happening
with that memory] and no one complains”
“I take the minimum system requirements and add (insert
one: 50%, 100%, 150%)”
“A vendor tells me their app needs 4GB of RAM. I do not
have the time to test this to find out if it is true or not”
7. Virtualization and memory
• Use physical memory as efficiently and dynamically
as possible with minimal performance impact.
– Customers investing in virtualization hosts are
purchasing systems with larger memory
configurations (32 GB, 64 GB, 128 GB and more) and
want to fully utilize this system asset.
– At the same time, they’re purchasing this memory to
provide superior performance and to avoid paging.
• Provide consistent performance and scalability.
– One frequent comment from virtualization users is
that they don’t want a feature with a performance cliff
or inconsistent, variable performance.
8. Virtualization & Memory
• Memory
– Key factor to the number of running VMs
– Possibly most expensive asset in system
• Customer Requirements
– Maximum density, without sacrificing performance
– Maintain consistent performance
– Don’t provide a feature that’s unsuitable for
production use
9. Virtual Machine Performance & Density
• Hyper-V Dynamic Memory is a memory management
enhancement for Hyper-V designed for production use
that enables customers to achieve higher
consolidation/VM density ratios
11. Dynamic Memory Goals
• Higher VM consolidation ratios with minimal
performance impact
– Dependent on:
• How much variation in memory utilization the workloads
have
• How good a job you did of sizing the systems in the first
place
• Work well for both server and desktop workloads
• Add minimal overhead to the system
• Pass the “that looks right” test
12. Adding/Removing Memory
• Adding Memory
– Enlightened fashion
• Synthetic Memory Driver (VSP/VSC Pair)
– No hardware emulation
– Light weight
• Removing Memory
– Wanted to remove memory
– Ballooning is more efficient
• Messes up task manager in the guest OS
13. System Requirements
• Parent Requirements:
– Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1
– Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 SP1
• Windows Server 2003, 2008 & 2008 R2
• 32-bit & 64-bit versions
– Windows Vista and Windows 7
• Enterprise and Ultimate Editions only
• 32-bit & 64-bit versions
15. Provided by:
Dynamic Memory Architecture OS
Microsoft Hyper-V
Dynamic Memory Components
Guest Applications
VMWP
Memory
Balancer
DM
VDEV/VSP
User
VMMS Interface
Mode
Memory
GMO
Balancer
Memory
Manager
Windows Windows Kernel
Mode
Kernel Kernel
DM VSC
VID
VMBus VMBus
Hypervisor
16. Example
0 512 MB 1024MB
Hot-add
VM Memory
Ballooned Memory
VM Memory
Parent Memory Second VM Memory Hot-add
17. Startup & Max
• Startup: amount of memory to boot
VM
– BIOS does not know about DM
– Guest OS may not know about DM
– Default: 512MB
• Max: don’t let the VM above this
amount
– Default: 64GB
18. Availability & Priority
• Availability is a concept
– How much memory does the VM have?
– How much memory does the VM want?
– The difference is the availability
• Priority: which VM gets the memory first
– 1-10,000: default is 5,000
– The higher the priority, the higher the availability
19. Memory Buffer
• How much “free” memory should we try and keep in the
VM?
– Allows for responsiveness to bursty workloads
– Can be used for file cache
“I like to configure my virtual machines so that they
have ~20% free memory”
22. Changes to Root Reserve
• Hyper-V has always had the concept of a reserve of
memory that is kept for the parent partition
• DM allows VMs to push up against the reserve
consistently
• New behavior to better protect the parent partition from
rampaging virtual machines
– New registry key in place
• Allows you to reserve static memory for the parent partition
– May result in less memory being available for VMs
23. Changes to NUMA management…
• Wait – what is NUMA?
• Why do I care?
• How does this work today?
26. Why do I care?
• VM memory should come from the “local NUMA node”
27. Why do I care?
• VM memory should come from the “local NUMA node”
28. How does this work today?
• Hyper-V tries to get all memory for a virtual machine
from a single NUMA node
• When it cannot – the virtual machine “spans” NUMA
nodes
• Users can set preferred NUMA nodes for virtual
machines in order to get the best distribution
29. Changes to NUMA management
• Dynamic memory can result in more virtual machines
spanning NUMA nodes
– A virtual machine might start all on one node – but
added memory might come from another node
• New option to disable NUMA node spanning
32. Understanding philosophical differences
• Microsoft
– Understands what guest information to use
• Building on top of guest OS knowledge
– Trying to get the “best bang for buck” in virtual
memory management
• VMware
– Does not trust guest information
• Building a “black box” solution
– Started with memory swapping, and digging out of
the hole
33. Dynamic Memory, not Overcommit
• Overloaded Term
– Page Sharing
– Second Level Paging
– Balloon Type Mechanisms
• No one wants to overcommit their resource
– You don’t overcommit other resources (really – you do
not)
– VMware does not want you to overcommit memory
(really)
• DM treats memory like we treat CPU resources
– Dynamically schedulable resource
34. External Page Sharing
• How it works:
1. Hash all memory and store it in a table…
2. Identify the common hashes and then…
3. Perform a bit by bit comparison
• What VMware doesn’t tell you…
– Page Sharing not dynamic
– Can take hours to share pages
– The largest benefit are zero pages
– Doesn’t work with large pages
35. Second Level Paging
• Many problems:
– Swapping Guest Kernel Resources
– Double Paging
– Disks are slow
• But it always works…
36. Other Techniques
• Guest directed page sharing
• Memory compression
• And on…
• We will continue to invest here and work on identifying
the best techniques for customer work loads
38. Test the beta – and talk to us!
• Try Dynamic Memory out – for both server and desktop
environments
– Let us know how DM is working for you
– Let us know if you think we have something wrong
39. More Resources
Virtualization @ Microsoft:
http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization
Hyper-V on TechNet:
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc753637(WS.10).aspx
Virtualization Team Blog:
http://blogs.technet.com/b/virtualization/
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/virtual_pc_guy
40. Source Info
www.microsoft.com/teched www.microsoft.com/learning
http://microsoft.com/technet http://microsoft.com/msdn
41. Hyper-V and Dynamic Memory in Depth
Dr. Eduardo Castro Martínez
Microsoft MVP
ecastro@mswindowscr.org
http://comunidadwindows.org
http://ecastrom.blogspot.com