The document describes the Druk White Lotus School located in Shey, Ladakh, India. It was designed by architect Jonathan Rose to be sustainable and effective in Ladakh's extreme climate. Key features include passive solar heating through optimal orientation, trombe walls, and glazed solar facades. The school also uses photovoltaic panels, VIP latrines, and seismic-safe designs to operate independently on solar energy and manage waste sustainably. The project combines traditional Ladakhi building techniques like stone walls and mud construction with modern environmental technologies.

2. THE DRUK WHITE LOTUS SCHOOL
LEH,LADAKH
ANSHIKA TEJPAL,
SHAHNOOR ABBASI
2nd YEAR
SHRI RAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

3. LADAKH
Constitutes the eastern-most past of the state of jammu & Kashmir
Area: 97,000 sq. km
Out of which nearly 38000 sq. km are under Chinese occupation since 1962
Population- 2,70,126
Average altitude-12000 feet(3659)
one of the hieghest places on earth
described as the roof of the world
Includes the karakoram range and the upper indus river valley
It hardly rains here because of the lofty surrounding mountain ranges
Average temperature in the summer season ;- 3 deg. C TO 30 deg. C
Average temperature in the winter season :- 20 deg.C to 15 deg C

4. CLIMATE OF LADAKH
 The desert type of climate is typical of Ladakh with dry winds blowing throughout the
day and summers being hot and humid.you will face the cold desert climate, especially
from October to March. In winters the temperatures are extreme in Leh, dipping below
freezing point. However, winter days are sunny and bright. The lowest winter
temperature recorded in Leh is around minus 23 degree Celsius.
Temperature variations :-
Summer midday :- 17 to 24 deg.C
Summer night :- 4 to 11 deg.C
Winter midday :- -7 to -8 deg. C
Winter night :- -14 to -0 deg, C

5. CLIMATE CHART OF LADAKH

6. Project Description
 Type
Urban planning design strategy
Landscape design
Interior design
Industrial/product design
 Mission
Increase awareness of the environment and/address climate change
Respond to our growing need for clean water,power,shelter,healthcare,education

7. Details:
project location:
shey,ladakh,in northen india
ARCHITECT: Jonathan Rose
Project phase: complete
Client: the people of ladakh
User client: infants and children

8. DESCRIPTION
The DRUK WHITE LOTUS SCHOOL is located in shey,ladakh,in northen india.
The master plan and school buildings ,designed by architect and
engineers,combine local building techniques and material with leading edge
environmental design to make them effective in the extreme climate.
Sustainable design example include ventilation-improved pit latrines,passive
solar heating, a gravity feed water system and seismic safety designs.

9. PARAMETERS
Climatic context
cold and dry zone
Temperature
Wide diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in temperature with -30 C in winter and +35 C in summer
Precipitation
Very low with annual precipitation of 10 cm mainly in the form of snow
Air
Very dry
Relative humidity
Ranges from 10%-50%

10. DESIGN CRITERIA AND FEATURES
 URBAN PLANNING OLD
LEH
The old town is located on the
southern slope of the mountain
terrain allowing the sattelment to
face the sun.
The newer parts are extending in
the plans in the south west direction
The hieghest point of the leh town
os occupied by the Tsemo Gompa
followed down the slope by leh
palace and then the houses of
nobals
The lower part of the sattelment is
occupied by commoners and then
the main market

12. SOLAR RADIATION
Due to high altitude and low humidity the radiation level is very high. The global solar
radiation is as high as 6-7 kwh/mm (which is among the highest in the world)
DUST STORMS
very common in the afternoon
SKY
Fairly clear the year with cloud cover less than 50%
SOIL
Thin, sandy and porous
VEGETATION
Devoid of any natural vegetation
IRRIGATION
Mainly through channels from the glacier-meltod snow

13. PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING
 Ladakh is hot in summer and very cold in winter. But even in winter, there
is often intense sunlight and the teaching spaces heat quickly thanks to
their optimal 30 deg. South-east orientation,combined with fully glazed
solar facades that gather the sun’s energy and store heat in high thermal
mass walls.
 The residences are oriented due south,and use trombe walls,which are
coated externally with dark,heat absorbing material and are faced with a
double layer of glass. Heat is stored in the wall and conducted inward to
the dormitories at night-time

14. ENERGY
 The school aims to manage the electricity demand within the constrains of
solar energy
 As the school expands and electricity demand increase, they will need to
increase installed capacity of both photovoltaic panels and inverters.
 Around half of the initial investment in solar energy was co-financed by
carbon_offset funds

15. PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FROM
SUNLIGHT,

16. VIP LATRINE UNDER CONSTRUCTION WITH METAL CLADDING
BEING PAINTED BLACK TO ABSORB HEAT AND CAUSE FUMES TO
RISE

17. Ventilation Improved Pit Latrines
Traditional dry latrines have been enhanced to ‘VIP latrines’.
These eliminate fly and odour problems and – most
importantly in a desert environment - do not require water. A
double chamber system with an integrated solar flue allows
their operation as composting toilets and produces humus
that can be used as fertiliser.
The design of the toilet System at Druk is simple and effective. A
minor adaptation to the traditional style is an innovative solution to
remove smells. A large sheet of steel (2-3mm thick) forms the back
wall to the composting space, this is painted black to heat the air
behind creating an updraft. As the cold air from the bottom of the
compost pit rises it draws the smells up and out of horizontal vents
at roof level

18. TECHNIQUES USED IN SCHOOL
 In this building the palette of local materials and traditional building
techniques. Solid granite blocks have been used for the outer wall, and
mud blocks for the inner walls to form a cavity wall for significantly
improved insulation and high durability. The roof is of a traditional Ladakhi
mud construction, including poplar and willow from local monastery
plantations, and provides good protection from the cold. By supporting
the heavy roof on a structure that is independent of the walls, Arup’s
design team made sure that the school was built to the Indian seismic
code. Classrooms face the morning sun to make the most of natural light
and heat and incorporate ‘trombe’ wall technology. We spent some time
sitting within one of the classroom spaces observing the quality of the
learning environment – and the flexibility of the space.

19. TROMBE WALLS THAT ABSORB THE SUN’S ENERGY DURING THE
DAYTIME TO WARM THE DORMITERIES AT NIGHT.
SOUTH FACING RESIDENCES WITH ANTI-SEISMIC CROSS BRACING
AND TROMBE WALLS

20. TROMBE WALLS
 A trombe wall is a sun-facing wall seprated from the outdoors by glass and
air space, which absorbs solar energy and reising air pulls in cooler
airleases it selectively towards the interior at night.
 The simplest form of trombe wall consists of a glass pane held against a
wall with the inner room are two vents, one at the top and one at the
bottom of the air space.
 During the day the sun heats first the air in this space, then the solid wall
behind.once the air is heated it rises and enters into the room, giving it
additional heat. Also the rising air pulls in cooler air from the room below
to then be heated. But for sometime after the sun goes down the now hot
wall will still keep heating air and exchanging that heat into the room.

22. Seismic Design and Safety
The school is located in an area of considerable seismic activity and
the methods used to ensure improved safety in the event of an
earthquake needed to be easy to emulate for future structures. Druk
White Lotus building structures use timber frames to resist seismic
loads and ensure life safety in the event of an earthquake. The
timber frames are independent of the walls, and steel connections
and cross-bracing provide earthquake stability.

23. ARCHITECTURE SPATIAL LAYOUT :-
MOSTLY BUILDINGS ARE 2 STORIED.
LARGE HOUSES HAVE COURTYARD WHILE SMALL HOUSES DO NOT HAVE.
THE GROUND FLOOR IS USUALLY A DWARF STOREY FOR KEEPING LIVE
STOCK,STORAGE PURPOSE AND ALSO TO COLLECT WASTE.
UPPER STOREY IS USED FOR LIVING PURPOSES USUALLY CONSISTS OF PRAYER ROOM
COMBINING FUNCTION OF DRAWING, KITCHEN, BEDROOM.
THE TIMBER POST IS CHARECTERSTICS OF ARCHITECTURE OF LADAKH
THE MAIN LIVING ROOM HAS A LARGE WINDOW FACING SUN

24. THANK UUU