Drugs and their effects

1. Drugs And Its Effects
Muhammad Musawar Ali
MPHIL, ICAP
Psychmmusawarali@gmail.com
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2. Drugs
A drug is any substance (with the exception of food
and water) which, when taken into the body, alters
the body's function either physically and/or
psychologically.
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3. Drugs may be legal (e.g.
alcohol, caffeine and
tobacco)
 illegal (e.g. cannabis,
ecstasy, cocaine and
heroin).
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4. Psychoactive Drugs
Psychoactive drugs affect the central nervous system
and alter a person's mood, thinking and behavior.
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5. Psychoactive
Drugs
Depressants Stimulants Hallucinogens Others
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6. Drug addiction and its effects
Drug addiction usually leads to distress and discomfort and daily life
functioning's and symptoms occurring within a 12-month period.
 Loss of control
 Impairment
 Risky/Dangerous Use
 Physiologic
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7. Loss of control
 Drug is taken in larger amounts or over a longer
period than intended.
 A persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut
down or control drug use.
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8.  A great deal of time spent obtaining and using drug
or recovering from its effects.
 Craving or a strong desire or urge to use drug.
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9. Impairment
 Recurrent drug use resulting in a failure to fulfill
major role obligations at work, school or home.
 Continued drug use despite having persistent or
recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or
exacerbated by the effects of drugs.
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10.  Important social, occupational or recreational
activities are given up or reduced because of drug use.
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11. Risky/Dangerous use
 Recurrent drug use in situations in which it is physically
hazardous.( I.e while driving)
 Drug use continued despite knowledge of having a
persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem
likely caused or exacerbated by drug.
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12. Physiologic dependence
 Tolerance as defined by:
a. A need for markedly increased amounts of drug to
achieve desired effect.
b. A markedly diminished effect with continued use of
same amount of drug.
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13. Development and Course
 Individuals ages 18-24 years have relatively high
prevalence rates.
 Intoxication is usually begins in the teens.
 Withdrawal can occur at any age as long as the
relevant drug has been taken in sufficient doses over an
extended period of time.
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14. Associated Laboratory Findings
 Laboratory analyses of blood.
 Urine samples.
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15. Alcohol and its effects
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16. Alcohol Use Effects
 Problematic behavioral or psychological changes.
 Inappropriate sexual behavior.
 Aggressive behavior.
 Mood lability.
 Impaired judgment.
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17. Autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., sweating or pulse rate
greater than 100 bpm).
Increased hand tremor.
Insomnia.
Nausea or vomiting.
Transient visual, tactile, or auditory hallucinations or
illusions.
Psychomotor agitation.
Anxiety.
Epileptic Seizures
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18. following signs or symptoms developing during, or
shortly after, alcohol use:
1. Slurred speech.
2. Incoordination.
3. Unsteady gait.
4. Nystagmus.
5. Impairment in attention or memory.
6. Stupor or coma.
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19. Alcohol Effects on Body
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20. Heroin / Opium
and
its effects
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21. Effects of Heroin
Problematic behavioral or psychological changes
(e.g. Initial euphoria)
Flat mood
Psychomotor agitation or retardation.
 Impaired judgment
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22.  Pupillary constriction (or pupillary dilation due to
from severe overdose)
 Drowsiness or coma.
 Slurred speech.
 Impairment in attention or memory.
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23. Nausea or vomiting.
Muscle aches.
sweating.
Diarrhea.
Yawning.
Fever.
Insomnia
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24. Heroin effect on body
Short term Effects
• Rush.
• Depressed Respiration.
• Clouded Mental
Functioning.
• Nausea Vomiting.
• Suppression Of Pain.
Long Term Effects
• Addiction
• Infectious diseases( HIV,
Hepatitis B, C)
• Collapsed Veins.
• Bacterial infections.
• Infection of Heart Linings
and Valves.
• Kidney and liver diseases.
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25. Cocaine and
its effects
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26. Effects of Cocaine
Problematic behavioral or psychological changes.
Affective blunting.
Changes in sociability.
Interpersonal sensitivity.
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27. Anxiety
tension
Anger
Unpleasant dreams
Nose Bleeds
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28. Symptoms develop shortly after use
Tachycardia or bradycardia.
Pupillary dilation.
Elevated or lowered blood pressure.
Perspiration or chills.
Nausea or vomiting.
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29. Evidence of weight loss.
Psychomotor agitation or retardation.
Muscular weakness, respiratory depression, chest
pain, or cardiac arrhythmias.
Confusion, seizures, or coma.
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31. Tobacco and
its effects
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32. Tobacco Smoking and its Effects
Irritability, frustration, or anger.
Anxiety.
Difficulty concentrating.
Increased appetite.
Restlessness.
Depressed mood.
Insomnia.
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34. Marijuana and
its effects
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35. Effects of Marijuana
 Impaired motor coordination.
 Euphoria.
 Anxiety.
 Sensation of slowed time.
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36. Impaired judgment
Social withdrawal
Increased appetite
Dry mouth
Tachycardia
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37. Irritability, anger, or aggression.
Nervousness or anxiety.
Sleep difficulty (e.g., insomnia, disturbing dreams).
Decreased appetite or weight loss.
Restlessness.
Depressed mood.
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39. • ‫ھے۔‬ ‫باعث‬ ‫کا‬ ‫بیماریوں‬ ‫نفسیاتی‬ ‫اور‬ ‫ھے‬ ‫مضر‬ ‫لیئے‬ ‫کے‬ ‫صحت‬ ‫استعمال‬ ‫کا‬ ‫منشیات‬
‫اپنی‬‫اور‬‫اپنے‬‫آنے‬‫والی‬‫نسلوں‬‫کی‬‫بقاء‬‫کے‬‫لیئے‬‫منشیات‬‫سے‬‫دور‬‫رہیں۔‬
• Thanks 
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