This document discusses protecting coastal marine mammals from various threats. It outlines that coastal marine mammals face risks from both land-based and marine-based human activities. Several species are found in coastal waters, including grey seals, common seals, harbour porpoises, and bottlenose dolphins. These species face cumulative impacts from factors like fisheries depletion, noise pollution, and contaminants. Static marine protected areas alone may not adequately protect highly mobile species like bottlenose dolphins that experience seasonal shifts in habitat use. The document advocates for more flexible, threat-based ecosystem management approaches.