3. Dose response relationship
Full description of drug effect in the function of dose
[E=f(D)]
Dose response line: dose is ploted on X-axe and the
effect is ploted on Y-axe
4. Dose response relationshhip
Graded relationship Quantal relationship
describes a drug
effect which increases
in proportion to
increasing drug dose
• describes a drug
effect which is binary
(either present or
absent).
• A quantal response to
a drug is observed in
a population, and is
either present or
absent in any single
individual
5.
6.
7.
8. THERAPEUTIC INDEX, SAFETY
FACTOR, THERAPEUTIC RANGE
TI is the ratio of median lethal dose and median
effective dose (LD50:ED50)
Safety factor is the range between maximal
therapeutic dose (ED99) and minimal lethal dose
(LD1).
Therapeutic range is the range between minimal
toxic dose and minimal therapeutic dose.
9.
10.
11. PARAMETERS
1. Potency is correlated with affinity of drug to
receptor
2. Maximal effect represents activity (efficacy) of
drug
3. Minimal effect (treshold effect) is the minimal
measurable effect, the effect of minimal
therapeutic dose
4. Biological variability–patients could have
significantly different responses to the same
dose of drug
5. Slope is dependent on mechanism of action
12. Different doses
Physiological without measurable effect,
Therapeutical (minimal, median i maximal)
Daily (sum of all individual doses during a day),
Toxic (induces toxic effect),
Lethal (death)
13. Experimental part
Experimental model– isolated guinea pig ileum
Ileal segment 3 cm long – placed in the organ
bath.
Guinea pig ileum is consisted of smoot muscle
cells that are involved in peristaltic movements of
GIT.
Dilatation of ileum– activation of nuerons in
enteric nervous system – nervous impulses from
myenteric plexus and parasimpatic neurones
induces smooth muscle cells in the intestine wall-
synchronized rithmic movements toward anus.
14. Experimental part
AcH – excitatory neurotransmiter in enteric n.s.
AcH activates M1 i M3 receptors
Effect?
Organ bath for isolated organs
Guinea pig ileum
AIM:
Relationship of AcH doses (increasing doses)
And the effect (contraction or shortening of ileal
segment)