Medical

1. Pediatric propedeutics
Prof. dr D. Bokonjic

2. STATUS PRAESENS
• General impression: 1) gender, 2) age, 3)
length (BL), 4) weight (BW), 5) nutrition, 6)
development, 7) sensorium; 8) motor skills, 9)
mood/interest in the environment, 10)
impression of the patient;
• SKIN: 1) color, 2) temperature, 3) elasticity, 4)
turgor, 5) scars, 6) efflorescence, 7)
dermographism, 8) edema (local/general); 9)
Visible mucous membranes (conjunctiva,
buccal);

3. STATUS PRAESENS
• SUBCUTANEOUS/Fatty TISSUE: 1) layout, 2) reduction
(abdomen, trunk, limbs, face); 3) development (the
thickness of the skin fold is measured);
• SUBCUTANEOUS NODULES: 1) occipital, 2) cervical, 3)
subclavian, 3) axillary, 4) inguinal - 1) size, number, 3)
mobility (base, mutual), 4) sensitivity, 5) location. TT;
• MUSCULATATURE: 1) development - tone of biceps,
triceps...
• SKELETON: 1) general development, 2) deformities,
• 3) joints (mobility) 4) fractures;

4. Physical examination
• HEAD: 1) configuration, 2) size (relative to body and
age), 3) girth 4) fontanelles (size, edge level,
thickening)...
• HAIR: 1) length, 2) quality, 3) color, 4 ) alopecia, 5)
craniotabes, 6) other rachitic changes...
• BULBUS: 1) mobility 2) strabismus 3) position (eye
spacing);
• PUPILS: 1) shape, 2) size, 3) reaction to light and
accommodation;

5. Physical examination
• NOSE: 1) shape, 2) root, 3) secretion, 4)
foreign content, 5) flapping of nasal wings;
• EAR: 1) shape of auricle, 2) MAE, 3) content in
MAE, 4) sensitivity of tragus, 5) mastoid...
• MOUTH: 1) lips, 2) buccal mucosa, 3) tongue,
4) teeth (number, condition , caries), 5) palatal
ports, 6) tonsils, 7) pharynx, 8) palate.
• NECK: 1) shape, 2) mobility, 3) thyroid, 4) NL

6. Physical examination
• THORAX: 1) shape, 2) deformities (rachitic
changes: rosaries and Harrison's furrow), 3)
girth;
• PULMO: 1) Character of breathing, 2) FR 3)
percussion, 4) auscultation;
• COR: 1) Inspection 2) palpation 3) percussion
(borders of the heart) 4) auscultation (rhythm,
FC, tones, murmurs),
• Pulse (quality, number, fullness, tension);

7. Physical examination
• ABDOMEN: 1) abdominal circumference, 2)
inspection (venous drawing, hernias), 3)
palpation (acute abdomen, resistance,
swellings, defenses), 4) Liver and spleen (size,
edges, consistency, sensitivity);
• MMSI: Mobility, sensitivity, malformations,
acrocyanosis;

8. Physical examination
• GENITALIA: 1) condition of the scrotal pits, 2)
prolapsed testicles 3) penis size 4) phimosis, 5)
inflammation of the loc.
• CNS: 1) primitive reflexes (persistence), 2)
Normal reflexes – biceps, radial, patellar,
Achilles; Pathological reflexes and clonus;