Ellsworth Dacon presented on climate change impacts and adaptation strategies for St. Vincent and the Grenadines. Key points included: - Climate change poses significant threats to St. Vincent due to its small population, limited resources, and reliance on tourism and agriculture. This includes increased temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and more extreme weather events. - Climate change is expected to damage infrastructure, erode beaches, harm coral reefs which impacts tourism, and hurt agricultural production through events like drought which impacts the economy. - St. Vincent is working to adapt through increasing renewable energy like a planned 12MW geothermal plant by 2018, ongoing solar installations, and pursuing other renewable options. Energy efficiency programs are also

1. Presented by: Ellsworth Dacon
November 17 2016

2. Discover St. Vincent & the Grenadines
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cypcRJPbQl
U&list=RDcypcRJPbQlU

4. What is the driver?
Lower Electricity
Stimulate economic growth
Increase in Foreign Exchange
Climate Change
Vulnerable to Changing weather
conditions

5. Our Energy Concerns
• Electricity approaches 50% of all operating
expenses for business.
• Energy Policy and Action Plan to reduce the
dependence on fossil fuel

7. Our Climate
Concerns
Climate change is a
significant treat to our
island.
•Small population
•Limited resources
•Remoteness
susceptibility
•Excessive dependence
on tourism and
agriculture

8. Caribbean Climate
INCREASED TEMPERATURES
The number of very warm days and nights is increasing
dramatically and very cool days and nights are decreasing
The Caribbean
Sea has warmed
by 1.5ºC over
the last century.

9. Caribbean Climate
However,
overall rate of
precipitation is
decreasing.
Number of heavy
rainfall events is
increasing…

10. How and What will Climate Change Impact?

11. Effect of Climate Change on the
Economy
• Surge in the Tourism Industry
– Erosion of beaches, land and protective mangrooves
– Coastal houses, hotels and other buildings, along with roads and other infrastructure
damages.
• Surge in Agriculture
– Drought
– Loss of crops due to storms and hurricane
– Increased crop pest
– Damage to coral reefs
– Changes in sea water temperature thus affecting fishing industry
• Increased Fiscal Infrastructure Cost
– Road damage
– Bridge destruction due to extreme floods
– Loss of houses
• Low Water Reserves
– Low crop production
– Tourism industry affected
– Higher energy cost due inability to supply energy via Hydro Electricity
– Negative effect on health and Sanitation

12. Small islands are sinking or eroding
Coral reefs are dying
Poor quality coral reefs will reduce
snorkelling and scuba diving
experiences.
Impacts on tourism

13. Short or long term loss of agricultural lands and
infrastructure – reduced production
Impacts on Agriculture

14. Impact on Infrastructure

15. Impacts on Property & Life

16. Damage to Infrastructure (roads, etc)
2011 flood

17. How do we adapt to Climate Change?Strategicobjectives
Enhancing capability to respond
and mitigate natural disasters
Ensuring an adequate, safe , reliable and
sustainable water supply.
Ensuring a clean, safe and healthy
environment
Conserving natural resources through
effective utilization and management
Reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels and
reducing the adverse impacts of climate change

18. Adaptation via Sustainable Energy
• Hydro Energy currently contributes 25% of SVG’s
energy needs
• A 12 MW Geothermal Energy plant would be
completed in 2018
• Solar Photo Voltaic panels installations are
ongoing on a large scale by the government.
“With a peak demand of only 20 MW, a 12 MW
geothermal plant could provide base power to
supplement hydro, and reach 76% non-fossil
generation by 2018.” (Director of Energy)

19. Adaptation via Sustainable Energy
• Government sets the
pace with Solar PV on
buildings
• Geothermal Work
ongoing
• Hydro Plant capacity
increased

20. Adaptation via Sustainable Energy
• Agricultural or animal wastes (pig and poultry)
offer also offer opportunities for waste to
energy systems.
• Energy efficiency has considerable potential,
both in government building as well as in the
tourism sector.
• Government offers incentives on renewable
energy and energy efficiency technology

21. SVG Geothermal
Development Project
AIM To deliver a 10-15 MW geothermal power plant to St. Vincent & the
Grenadines (SVG).
PROJECT
PARTNERS
Reykjavik Geothermal;
Emera Caribbean;
Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines;
COST $83 M
PROJECT
BACKGROUND
Extensive Geothermal Exploration revealed conditions comparable
to those of productive fields world-wide.
A preliminary geophysical model indicated temperatures in excess
of 240°C.

22. Total Project Budget
CAPITALSTRUCTURE
Debt-Lender1 6,700
Debt-Lender2 42,572
TotalCommittedDebt 49,272 60.0%
SponsorShareholderLoan - 0.0%
GovernmentShareholderLoan - 0.0%
SponsorEquity 24,636 75.0%
GovernmentEquity 8,212 25.0%
TotalCommittedSources 82,120 100%
• The Business Plan assumes that the
project will be financed by 40%
Equity and 60% debt
• It is proposed that the three parties
will fund the drilling phase of the
project, which inherently carries
greater investment risk than the
other phases of the project
• Concessional funding, where
available, will help to reduce the
project costs and the ultimate cost
to electricity consumers
• Grid interconnection is estimated to
cost US$9.5 million (~US1.5
cents/kWh)
• VINLEC has indicated its preference
to own – finance, construct – and
operate the transmission
interconnection. This is to be
confirmed

23. SVG Geothermal
Development Project
Project Update:
• The Geothermal Resources Development Act was enacted on August 18, 2015.
• St. Vincent Geothermal Company incorporated December 8, 2015
• IRENA and the Abu Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD) have allocated USD 15 M in concessional
loans to the project, with interest rates between 1-2% per year over a period of 20 years.
• DFID 5.8 M Grant
• CDB 9.5 M contingent loan at 1.75%
• The company – Environmental Resources management (ERM), was contracted to conduct the
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA). This was presented to the Government on
April 8, 2016 for review and distribution to all stakeholders.
• Soil and water testing recently completed at the prospective drilling sites proved optimistic for
geothermal development
• Drilling contractor selected .Drilling is scheduled to commence by November 2016.
• Civil works will commence July,2016

24. Project Partners
GOVSVG
RG/Emera
Caribbean
Project
Company

25. Sustainable Transportation
Electric Vehicle Demonstration Project: