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SEMI CONDUCTORS
Name:-P.Venkata Ganesh Reddy
Reg;-PROV/B.TECH-8-22/470
Conductors
In general all conductors.Are good conductors
The purpose of conductors is to allow electrical current to flow with
minimum resistance.
Examples:
Copper, gold, silver, iron,bronze
Insulators
 Insulators are used to prevent the flow of electricity.
 Insulating materials such as glass, rubber, plastic, polyethylene are also called
dielectrics, meaning they can store charges
 Dielectric materials are used in components like capacitors which must store electric
charges
Semiconductors are materials whose
electrical properties lie between
Conductors and Insulators.
EX:-
Silicon
Germanium
Introduction
Intrinsic & Extrinsic Semiconductor
 Semiconductors that are free of doping impurities
are called intrinsic semiconductors.
 Semiconductors formed after adding impurities
are called extrinsic semiconductors.
 Two types of extrinsic (impure)semiconductors,
 N-type
 P-type
DOPING PROCESS
Doping is a process of adding a certain
amount of specific impurities called
dopants to a pure semiconductor to
increase its electricity conductivity.
What P-type and N-type?
Semiconductors are classified in to P-type
and N-type semiconductor
P-type: A P-type material is one in which
holes are majority carriers i.e. they are
positively charged materials (++++)
N-type: A N-type material is one in which
electrons are majority charge carriers i.e.
they are negatively charged materials (-----)
Diodes
 It is represented by the following symbol,
where the arrow indicates the direction of
positive current flow.

What is the p-n junction?
 A p-n junction is formed when a n-type and p-type
semiconductors are joined together.
 The boundary between the p-type and n-type
regions is called the junction.
 At the p-n junction, electrons from the n-side
move to the p-side and recombine with the holes.
 Holes from the p-side similarly move into the n
side, where they recombine with electrons. As a
result of this flow, the n-side has a net positive
 charge, and the p-side has a net negative charge.
Characteristics of Diode
Diodes alwayDiode always conducts in
one direction.
s conduct current when "Forward
Biased" (Zero resistance)
Diodes do not conduct when Reverse
Biased (Infinite resistance)
I-V characteristics of Ideal diode
-V Characteristics of Practical Diode
Volt-ampere characteristic for a typical small-signal
silicon diode at a temperature of 300 K. Notice the
change of scale. for negative current and voltage.
DOC-20221018-WA0001..pptx

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DOC-20221018-WA0001..pptx

  • 1. SEMI CONDUCTORS Name:-P.Venkata Ganesh Reddy Reg;-PROV/B.TECH-8-22/470
  • 2. Conductors In general all conductors.Are good conductors The purpose of conductors is to allow electrical current to flow with minimum resistance. Examples: Copper, gold, silver, iron,bronze
  • 3. Insulators  Insulators are used to prevent the flow of electricity.  Insulating materials such as glass, rubber, plastic, polyethylene are also called dielectrics, meaning they can store charges  Dielectric materials are used in components like capacitors which must store electric charges
  • 4. Semiconductors are materials whose electrical properties lie between Conductors and Insulators. EX:- Silicon Germanium Introduction
  • 5.
  • 6. Intrinsic & Extrinsic Semiconductor  Semiconductors that are free of doping impurities are called intrinsic semiconductors.  Semiconductors formed after adding impurities are called extrinsic semiconductors.  Two types of extrinsic (impure)semiconductors,  N-type  P-type
  • 7.
  • 8. DOPING PROCESS Doping is a process of adding a certain amount of specific impurities called dopants to a pure semiconductor to increase its electricity conductivity.
  • 9. What P-type and N-type? Semiconductors are classified in to P-type and N-type semiconductor P-type: A P-type material is one in which holes are majority carriers i.e. they are positively charged materials (++++) N-type: A N-type material is one in which electrons are majority charge carriers i.e. they are negatively charged materials (-----)
  • 10.
  • 11. Diodes  It is represented by the following symbol, where the arrow indicates the direction of positive current flow. 
  • 12. What is the p-n junction?  A p-n junction is formed when a n-type and p-type semiconductors are joined together.  The boundary between the p-type and n-type regions is called the junction.  At the p-n junction, electrons from the n-side move to the p-side and recombine with the holes.  Holes from the p-side similarly move into the n side, where they recombine with electrons. As a result of this flow, the n-side has a net positive  charge, and the p-side has a net negative charge.
  • 13. Characteristics of Diode Diodes alwayDiode always conducts in one direction. s conduct current when "Forward Biased" (Zero resistance) Diodes do not conduct when Reverse Biased (Infinite resistance)
  • 14. I-V characteristics of Ideal diode
  • 15. -V Characteristics of Practical Diode Volt-ampere characteristic for a typical small-signal silicon diode at a temperature of 300 K. Notice the change of scale. for negative current and voltage.