The document outlines objectives related to defining and applying the concept of Deviation from Social Norms (DSN) to understand abnormality. It discusses DSN and identifies limitations, such as social norms changing over time and differing between cultures. This means the definition of abnormality is not universal. Failure to Function Adequately (FFA) is also discussed, outlining its characteristics and limitations, such as environmental factors sometimes causing failure to function rather than psychological abnormality. Deviation from Ideal Mental Health (DIMH) is explained as identifying abnormality based on deviation from characteristics of ideal mental health, but it is limited by criteria being too idealistic and subjective judgments required.
The DSM-5 organizes 10 personality disorders into 3 groups, or clusters, based on shared key features. Cluster C Personality disorders includes 3 disorders sharing anxious and fearful features. Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive.
Review of the latest research in the field on grief therapy and practice tips for practitioners. Topics include:
• The difference between normal grief and complicated or prolonged grief
• Research and issues involved in the inclusion of “Prolonged Grief Disorder” in DSM-V
• Cognitive behavioral techniques to treat prolonged grief
• The importance of self-awareness and the necessity of self-care when providing grief counseling
• Different cultural views of death
Presented by Susan Stuber, Ph.D. at the Philadelphia Society of Clinical Psychologists continuing education conference at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, March 22, 2013. A copy of the full presentation notes accompanying these slides may be obtained by contacting Dr. Stuber at sstuber@susanstuberphd.com.
The DSM-5 organizes 10 personality disorders into 3 groups, or clusters, based on shared key features. Cluster C Personality disorders includes 3 disorders sharing anxious and fearful features. Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive.
Review of the latest research in the field on grief therapy and practice tips for practitioners. Topics include:
• The difference between normal grief and complicated or prolonged grief
• Research and issues involved in the inclusion of “Prolonged Grief Disorder” in DSM-V
• Cognitive behavioral techniques to treat prolonged grief
• The importance of self-awareness and the necessity of self-care when providing grief counseling
• Different cultural views of death
Presented by Susan Stuber, Ph.D. at the Philadelphia Society of Clinical Psychologists continuing education conference at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, March 22, 2013. A copy of the full presentation notes accompanying these slides may be obtained by contacting Dr. Stuber at sstuber@susanstuberphd.com.
reaction to stressful experiences. the normal reactions and psychological disorders related to it. short discussion of PTSD, acute stress reaction and Adjustment disorder along with treatment options.
very summarized management of each condition. good for medical students
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV), a personality disorder is an "enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectation of the individual's culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment."
Because these disorders are chronic and pervasive, they can lead to serious impairments in daily life and functioning.
Different Disorders have been discussed.
reaction to stressful experiences. the normal reactions and psychological disorders related to it. short discussion of PTSD, acute stress reaction and Adjustment disorder along with treatment options.
very summarized management of each condition. good for medical students
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV), a personality disorder is an "enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectation of the individual's culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment."
Because these disorders are chronic and pervasive, they can lead to serious impairments in daily life and functioning.
Different Disorders have been discussed.
Self advocacy is about taking a proactive approach to all stages of health and illness: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. When people take an active role in their care, research shows they fare better both in satisfaction and in how well treatments work. In this talk you will learn how to develop the skills to be a good self-advocate, communicate effectively with your doctors, evaluate the latest health news headlines and find the best health information online.
Health System Consortium Investigates Cost of Medical Device VariationTom McNaull
Thomas McNaull graduated from the Harvard Business School’s program for Owners/Presidents. He earned a MBA from Emory University and a BSBA with emphasis in Accounting from the University of Florida. He has managed the financial operations of health care organizations such as American MedTrust and the Abu Dhabi Health Services Company. In 2007, Thomas McNaull drew on his extensive experience to found MedStar and, as managing director, oversees the delivery of financial advisory services to client health care systems and physician groups.
Descriptive Assessment of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in an Outpatient Ob...ErikaAGoyer
NATIONAL PERINATAL ASSOCIATION 2014 CONFERENCE
Descriptive Assessment of Depression and
Anxiety Symptoms in an Outpatient Obstetric Clinic
Sample: Screening for Symptoms in the Context of
Substance Use Histories: The participant will be able
to: Describe psychiatric disorders during
pregnancy/postpartum, comorbidities, frequent
symptoms of depression and anxiety, a plan of care for
women with past and/or current issues with chemical
dependency and formulate recommendations for
improving mental health screening during routine
obstetric visits.
Nowell des personality disorders october 2014David Nowell
Overview of the personality disorders, including the DSM5 alternative model, with particular focus on how these disorders impact the disability review process.
The psychological approaches and examples are outlined and evaluated. The treatments and therapies for each approach are given and also evaluated. Based on the Third Edition for Psychology AS 'The Complete Companion Student Book' by Mike Cardwell and Cara Flanagan for AQA 'A'
Created by
Girish D Kishnani
Scholar of Masters in Psychology.
Published on 8th Sept 2022.
The Presentation comprehensively covers the concepts of Normality and Abnormality, Normal and Abnormal behaviour.
The same is part of the Semester 1 MA Psychology syllabus as prescribed by Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P. India
1. Objectives
• Be able to define social norms
• Be able to outline the Deviation from
Social Norms definition
• Be able to identify limitations of the DSN
definition
• Be able to apply DSN to Tourettes
syndrome
Some will be able to
• Apply DSN to other disorders (e.g.
Depression, schizophrenia)
2. Abnormality
Definitions:
Deviation from Social Norms
Failure to Function Adequately
Deviation from Ideal Mental Health
3. Deviation from
Social Norms
- Those who
break the
‘rules/norms’ of
society are
abnormal
Definitions Deviation from
Failure to
Function Ideal Mental
Health
Adequately
- Those who lack
- Those who
characteristics of
can’t cope with ideal mental
daily life are health are
abnormal abnormal
4. Deviation from Social Norms
Recap: What are social norms?
What are the 2 types?
Social norms allow for the regulation of normal social
behaviour. All societies have norms for appropriate
behaviours and beliefs (expectations of how people
should behave/think
Examples:
- A behaviour to suggest you are ‘normal’ e.g. Being quiet in
the cinema
- A behaviour to suggest you are ‘abnormal’ e.g. Talking loudly
in the cinema
5. Deviation from Social Norms
Deviation from Social
Norms
Someone is abnormal if
they do not follow/break
social norms
6. What’s wrong with it?
Discuss with the person next to you potential problems
with the DSN definition
Does it
Would it account for
include different
everyone? times in
history?
Does it
account for
difference
cultures?
7. DSN – Limitations (A02)
P – Social norms change over time and therefore a
behaviour that broke social norms in the past wouldn’t
now
E – For example an unmarried mother in the 1940/50’s
would have been breaking social norms and so would have
been classed as abnormal
E – This is a limitation because it brings into question
that validity of this definition in terms of defining
abnormality – society has changed not the individual
8. DSN – Limitations (A02)
P – Social norms differ between cultures
E – For example in British culture it is considered polite
to finish the food on your plate, but in India to finish all
food from your plate is a sign that you are still hungry
E – This is a limitation because it means that the
definition is different according to culture and the same
criteria cannot be applied universally
9. DSN – Limitations (A02)
P – DSN does not distinguish between ‘abnormal’
behaviour and deviant behaviour
E – For example a drink-driver may have broken a social
norm but would not be considered to have a mental
abnormality
E – This is a limitation because some behaviours are
deviant but not indicators of mental illness so the DSN
definition is inadequate in identifying abnormality
10. Objectives
• Be able to outline and identify DSN
• Be able to list the 5 characteristics of the FFA
definition
• Be able to apply the characteristics of FFA to
depression
• Be able to identify limitations of FFA
Some will be able to-
• Be able to apply the characteristics of FFA to
other disorders
• Be able to explain limitations of FFA
11. Failure to Function
Adequately
Failing to function is generally taken to mean that a person is unable to
cope with everyday life.
Their behaviour is seen to be maladaptive, disruptive (to work) and causing
distress (self and others)
Rosenham & Seligman (1989)
suggested the
characteristics
It is the presence of these
characteristics that indicate
Psychological abnormality
12. Failure to Function
Adequately
Personal Distress
• Suffering Psychological distress
Observer Distress
• Causes discomfort to others
Maladaptive Behaviour
• Behaviour interferes with ability to cope with normal life
• Maladaptive or dysfunctional
Unpredictable Behaviour
• Behaviour that doesn’t fit the situation, or is unexpected and
uncontrolled
Irrational Behaviour
• Behaviour that doesn’t make sense to others
13. What’s wrong with it?
Discuss with the person next to you potential problems
with the FFA definition
Could there
be other
What if the
reasons for
behaviour is
someone
desirable?
failing to
function? Can people
still function
normally
with an
abnormality?
14. FFA – Limitations (A02)
P – Failing to function does not always indicate the
presence of a psychological abnormality
E – For example in the current economic climate someone
might struggle to hold down/get a job because of limited
availability rather than a psychological abnormality
E – This is a limitation because environmental factors
beyond an individuals’ control may cause a failure to
function rather than a psychological abnormality
15. FFA – Limitations (A02)
P – The presence of an abnormality doesn’t always result
in a failure to function
E – For example an individual with depression may be able
to keep a job and run a family successfully
E – This is a limitation because it shows that this
definition is inadequate in truly identifying behaviours
that may be considered abnormal, as an abnormality
might not always result in an inability to function
16. FFA – Limitations (A02)
P – Behaviour that looks as if it’s a ‘failure to function’
may actually be desired/admired by society
E – For example some political prisoners will go on hunger
strike as part of their political protest will often be
respected
E – This is a limitation because although starving
yourself may be seen as irrational, maladaptive and
unpredictable (failing to function) but it is
understandable in a certain context & not an indication of
an abnormality
17. Deviation from Ideal Mental Health
This defintion stands out because it
doesn’t directly define abnormality,
but it outlines ‘ideal mental health’
and considers someone with an
abnormality will deviate from these
characteristics
Marie Jahoda (1958) created a list of
characteristics indicating psychological health
and therefore an absence of these
characteristics suggests abnormality
18. Characteristics...
Strong sense of self- • Individual should be in touch with their own
identity identity and feelings
• Individual should be resistant to stress and
Resistant to stress it’s negative effects
• Individual should be focussed on the future
Self-actualisation and fulfilling their potential
• Individual should be able to function
Autonomy independently, recognising own needs with an
accurate perception of reality
• Individual should show understanding towards
Empathy others
19. What’s wrong with it?
Discuss with the person next to you potential problems
with the DIMH definition
Can you
easily decide Anything
what ‘normal’ else?
is?
Can anyone
realistically
fulfil all of
the criteria?
20. DIMH – Limitations (A02)
P – The criteria of this definition are too idealistic
E – For example Maslow (1968) argued that very few
people actually ever reach self-actualisation
E – This is a limitation because if this definition is true
many of us would be considered abnormal as the criteria
for ideal mental health is set too high.
21. DIMH – Limitations (A02)
P – The definition requires a subjective judgement on
how many criteria need to be absent to determine
abnormality
E – For example one individual might consider a lack of 2
criteria and another an absence of 4 criteria before
considering the individual abnormal
E – This is a limitation because using a subjective
judgement in this way decreases the reliability and
validity of the definition RM recap
What does reliability mean?
What does validity mean?
22. DIMH – Limitations (A02)
P – The criteria of this definition are based on Western
culture – the definition is ethnocentric
E – For example, Jahoda’s emphasis on personal growth
and autonomy reflect Western individualistic culture
rather than collectivist culture
E – This is a limitation because it means that the
definition is subjective, may therefore be biased and the
same criteria cannot be applied universally.