The hand-made paper industry significantly contributes to paper recovery, utilizing various household papers for recycling. A new paper recycling plant allows individuals, including children, to create their own stationery and paper products at home, promoting environmental awareness in schools. The document outlines a detailed step-by-step process for making recycled paper, emphasizing the simplicity and accessibility of the method.

1. HAND MADE PAPER

2. Industry and businesses provide almost
half the amount of recovered paper in the
form of cuttings/shavings and unsold
newspapers/magazines. Households
contribute over a third. Almost any
household paper, including used
newspapers, cardboard, packaging,
stationery, direct mail, magazines,
catalogues, greeting cards and wrapping
paper, can be recycled. Recovered paper
compares favorably with the production
of wood-based pulp made by chemical or
mechanical means in terms of
environmental pollution and energy
consumption
consumption.
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3. The milk and juice cartons that you
normally throw in the waste-bin can also
be recycled.
Cartons are made from 75% paper, 20%
plastic (polyethylene) and 5% aluminum
foil. Because of this amalgamation of
materials, they cannot be recycled along
with ordinary paper.
They can be reprocessed into other items
or incinerated to produce energy.
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4. Now a paper recycling plant is available that
enables you to recycle paper and make your
own stationery or paper gift items at home.
This technology is so uncomplicated that
even a child can try his hand at it.
A few schools in Delhi, India, have installed
this paper recycling plant where students are
trained in making paper products like folders,
penholders, material for display board,
lampshades, teaching/learning aids, etc. This
enables them to make their own cards, files,
folders, invitation cards and certificates for
school.
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5. • Office white paper
• Newspapers
•• Magazines,
• Telephone directories a
• Pamphlets.
• Cardboard
• Mixed or colored paper
• Computer print out paper
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7. • Scrap paper from junk mail, catalogs, or magazines, torn into
small pieces. Avoid using newsprint; when it's beaten it turns
into a gray mush and produces an unattractive sheet of low-quality
paper.
• A food blender (often available in thrift stores).
• A mould (a frame to which a fine mesh screen has been
attached).
• A deckle (a frame that mates with the one used for the
mould, but which has no )
screen). If a mould and deckle is not
l bl available, h then you can use a fl flat sieve ( ('h l chalni' in h d) hindi). ll
It'll
serve the same purpose.
• A large plastic tub that holds the pulp.
• Pieces of muslin cloth, each cut a bit larger than the sheet
size. These will be used for couching as well as iron the paper.
• Two plastic or waterproofed plywood boards (for pressing
formed sheets).
• An iron
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iron.

8. Step 1
Tear or cut the scrap paper into small pieces. Soak the
pieces of scrap paper in a bowl or pail over night.
Step 2
Put the scrap paper (about one part paper to five parts
water) into the blender and secure the lid tightly. Then
blend the mixture in short bursts. Turn off the machine
from time to time and check to make sure the pulp is
not collecting around the blade.
Step 3
When the consistency of the fibers in the water is even,
dump the beaten paper fibres in a bowl and repeat Step
2 a few times, till you have enough pulp to fill a quarter
of a bucket. To make the end result more interesting,
poster colours can be added to the pulp. Also you can
add flower petals petals, pieces of glitter glitter....anything of your
interest which makes the paper more fun to make.
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9. Step 4
Fill the vat/ plastic tub half full with water . Now
add pulp from your stock supply, until you
have enough to create a good sheet (three or
four cups of pulp dispersed in the water). The
more pulp you add to the water, the thicker
the final sheet. Mix the pulp with your hand,
until it has mixed evenly.
Step 5
Wet the mould and deckle. Then, holding the
deckle on p top of the mould (
in contact with
h h d ) h d h b k f
the wire mesh side), reach toward the back of
the vat and, in one continuous motion, pull
the mould and deckle under the surface and
up again, catching an even layer of pulp on
the surface of the mould.
Step 6
As you pull the mould and deckle upward, keep
the deckle tight and very gently move the
pulp on the surface of the mould left and right
and back, then away and toward yourself and
back You are forming the sheet at this step an
back. step, action that should last only a few seconds.
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10. Step 7
Let the water drain from the wet pulp for
about fifteen seconds. Then remove the
deckle and let the water continue to
drain. Now transfer the layer of pulp on
the mould onto the piece of muslin by
rolling it gently across the surface of the
cloth. This is called ‘couching'.
Step 8
Continue to make sheets by repeating
Steps 5 through 7, by placing down a
piece of muslin, then a sheet of paper,
then a muslin, etc., building up a stack
of sheets. Finish by putting a muslin
cloth on top.
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11. Step 9
After you have make a stack of sheets,
place the muslin and sheets of pulp
between two hard plastic or plywood
boards and remove the water by
putting weight on the top. You can use
either a mechanical press, place several
bricks on top of the pile, or even
carefully stand on the pile until the
water in the pulp is squeezed into the
absorbent blankets and the sheets are
flat.
Step 10
After most of the water is squeezed out of
the pile, separate each set of the damp
sheet and the muslin on which it is
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couched.

12. Step 11
Place another piece of muslin on the damp paper
sheet and iron the sheet of paper between the two
pieces of cloth until it is dry.
Step 12
When the sheet appears to be dry, peel it from the
muslin it was couched on and place it in an old
book and place the book under a heavy weight to
absorb whatever water might remain in the sheet.
This will help cut down on the wrinkling. The next
day, your sheets of paper will be ready to write on,
cut into shapes, or whatever your imagination can
come up with
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