FEATURING THE SUMMARY OF SCIENCE 10 UNIT 3 MODULE 2.
INCLUDING RNA AND DNA
GENETIC ENGINEERING
HUMAN KARYOTYPING
DOWNS SYNDROME
CRI DU CHAT
EDWARDS SYNDROME
CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES
TRAITS INHERITED
this presentation will hepl you in studying and reviewing to cope up with your lessons. Because mirrors reflect light, they create an illusion of open space by doubling whatever is in a room. Interior decorators use mirrors to make rooms feel larger and more inviting than they truly may be. Certain styles of mirrors may give a room a certain atmosphere based on their appearance. Additionally, decorators may use lenses to reflect light or add color. They may place candles on mirrors to magnify the shimmering effect or use a series of prisms to create rainbows in a white room.
Did you know that the first scientific journal was published in 1665? Or that the average human body contains enough carbon to make a pencil? We've rounded up some of the most interesting science facts to help get your brain ticking. So put on your thinking cap and see how many of these you can answer correctly.
Try out the live quiz from: https://triviamaker.com/game-preview/game/GD20220729182626416799292-Science-Trivia-:-Most-Interesting-Science-Trivia-Questions-Youll-Ever-Encounter/?ref=10MinutesTrivia
Watch Science Trivia Quiz on YouTube: https://youtu.be/k7HzYQClyzw
FEATURING THE SUMMARY OF SCIENCE 10 UNIT 3 MODULE 2.
INCLUDING RNA AND DNA
GENETIC ENGINEERING
HUMAN KARYOTYPING
DOWNS SYNDROME
CRI DU CHAT
EDWARDS SYNDROME
CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES
TRAITS INHERITED
this presentation will hepl you in studying and reviewing to cope up with your lessons. Because mirrors reflect light, they create an illusion of open space by doubling whatever is in a room. Interior decorators use mirrors to make rooms feel larger and more inviting than they truly may be. Certain styles of mirrors may give a room a certain atmosphere based on their appearance. Additionally, decorators may use lenses to reflect light or add color. They may place candles on mirrors to magnify the shimmering effect or use a series of prisms to create rainbows in a white room.
Did you know that the first scientific journal was published in 1665? Or that the average human body contains enough carbon to make a pencil? We've rounded up some of the most interesting science facts to help get your brain ticking. So put on your thinking cap and see how many of these you can answer correctly.
Try out the live quiz from: https://triviamaker.com/game-preview/game/GD20220729182626416799292-Science-Trivia-:-Most-Interesting-Science-Trivia-Questions-Youll-Ever-Encounter/?ref=10MinutesTrivia
Watch Science Trivia Quiz on YouTube: https://youtu.be/k7HzYQClyzw
Personal notes:
- Section 1 : Cell
-- What is a Cell?
-- What is DNA?
-- What is mitochondrial DNA?
-- What is a gene?
-- What is a chromosome?
-- How many chromosomes do people have?
- Section 2 : Proteins
-- What are proteins and what do they do?
-- How do genes direct the production of proteins?
-- Can genes be turned on and off in cells?
-- What is epigenome?
-- How do cells divide?
-- How do genes control the growth and division of cells?
-- How do genetics indicate the location of a gene?
- Section 3: Genetic Mapping
-- What is genetic mapping?
-- How do researchers create a genetic map?
-- What are genetic markers?
What phase of chemical respiration generates more ATP- The aerobic pha.pdfsujeetdube007
What phase of chemical respiration generates more ATP? The aerobic phase. The anaerobic
phase. The mitochondrial phase. None of these. QUESTION 2 Which is NOT a difference
between DNA and RNA? DNA has deoxyribose in its sugar-phosphate backbone, but RNA has
ribose. DNA has monomers made of nucleotides, but RNA has monomers made of ATP. DNA
uses the base thymine, while RNA uses uracil. None of these. QUESTION 3 What is
complementary base pairing in the DNA molecule or when RNA interacts with DNA? C always
pairs with G , and T always pairs with A (or U in RNA). DNA always binds to RNA, and RNA
always binds to DNA. Phosphate groups binding to ribose sugars. Nitrogen-containing bases
binding to ribose sugars. QUESTION 4 What is the "Central Dogma of Biology," and how can it
be expressed more accurately? Protein to DNA to RNA; Protein - transcription - DNA -
translation -RNA DNA to Protein to RNA; DNA - translation - Protein - transcription - RNA
Protein to RNA to DNA; Protein - transcription - RNA - translation - DNA DNA to RNA to
Protein; DNA - transcription - RNA - translation - Protein What are the 3 types of RNA that are
involved in the synthesis of proteins from the DNA genetic code. Inverted, Compressed,
Depolymerized Messenger, Ribosomal, Transfer Gluco-, Proteo, Nucleo- None of these.
QUESTION 6 What are the two types of cell division, and how are they different? Chromatin
and prohase, chromatin covers the DNA, and in prophase it disappears. Anaphase and Telophase,
in anaphase the chromosomes pull apart, and in telophase, the nucleus re-forms. The cell cycle
and cell death, in the cell cycle, the cell lives and grows, and at the end of it, there is cell death.
Mitosis and Meiosis. In mitosis, each cell resulting from one divison has exactly the same DNA
as the orginal cell that divided, but in meiosis, there are two divisions, and the four cellls which
result have only half the number of chromosomes as the orignai cell. QUESTION 7 What are
stem cells? Cells which belong to the stalk of a plant, between the roots and the leaves. Cells that
are not found in animals. Cells which are capable of changing (differentiating) into more than
one other cell type. None of these. QUESTION 8 What are the four major types of tissues?
Brain, Heart, Lung, Stomach Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle Skin, Hair, Blood, Saliva
None of these. Which is a NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue? It conducts electrical
impulses. It is avascular. it forms glands. All of these are characteristics of epithelial tissue.
QUESTION 10 Unlike in epithelial tissue, in connective tissue: The cells don't have a nucleus.
The cells are spaced apart. Most of the cells are non-living. None of these..
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the gen.pdfaptelecom16999
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the
development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. The main role of
DNA molecules is the long-term storage of information. DNA is often compared to a set of
blueprints or a recipe, since it contains the instructions needed to construct other components of
cells, such as proteins and RNA molecules. The DNA segments that carry this genetic
information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved
in regulating the use of this genetic information.
Chemically, DNA consists of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides, with
backbones made of sugars and phosphate groups joined by ester bonds. These two strands run in
opposite directions to each other and are therefore anti-parallel. Attached to each sugar is one of
four types of molecules called bases. It is the sequence of these four bases along the backbone
that encodes information. This information is read using the genetic code, which specifies the
sequence of the amino acids within proteins. The code is read by copying stretches of DNA into
the related nucleic acid RNA, in a process called transcription.
Within cells, DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes are
duplicated before cells divide, in a process called DNA replication. Eukaryotic organisms
(animals, plants, fungi, and protists) store their DNA inside the cell nucleus, while in prokaryotes
(bacteria and archae) it is found in the cell\'s cytoplasm. Within the chromosomes, chromatin
proteins such as histones compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the
interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control which parts of the DNA are
transcribed.
Solution
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the
development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. The main role of
DNA molecules is the long-term storage of information. DNA is often compared to a set of
blueprints or a recipe, since it contains the instructions needed to construct other components of
cells, such as proteins and RNA molecules. The DNA segments that carry this genetic
information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved
in regulating the use of this genetic information.
Chemically, DNA consists of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides, with
backbones made of sugars and phosphate groups joined by ester bonds. These two strands run in
opposite directions to each other and are therefore anti-parallel. Attached to each sugar is one of
four types of molecules called bases. It is the sequence of these four bases along the backbone
that encodes information. This information is read using the genetic code, which specifies the
sequence of the amino acids within proteins. The code is read by copying stretches of DNA into
the rela.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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DNA coloring
1. DNA - The Double Helix
Recall that the nucleus is a small spherical, dense body in a cell. It is often called the
"control center" because it controls all the activities of the cell including cell reproduction,
and heredity. How does it do this? The nucleus controls these activities by the
chromosomes. Chromosomes are microscopic, threadlike strands composed of the
chemical DNA (short for deoxyribonucleic acid). In simple terms, DNA controls the
production of proteins within the cell. These proteins in turn, form the structural units of
cells and control all chemical processes within the cell.
Chromosomes are composed of genes. A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a
particular protein, which in turn codes for a trait. Hence you hear it commonly referred to
as the gene for baldness or the gene for blue eyes. Meanwhile, DNA is the chemical that
genes and chromosomes are made of. It stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is
called a nucleic acid because it was first found in the nucleus. We now know that DNA is
also found in organelles, the mitochondria and chloroplasts, though it is the DNA in the
nucleus that actually controls the cell's workings.
In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick established the structure of DNA. The structure is a double helix, which
is like a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules. The sugar
is deoxyribose. Color all the phosphates pink (one is labeled with a "p"). Color all the deoxyriboses blue
(one is labeled with a "D") .
Color the thymines orange.
Color the adenines green.
Color the guanines purple.
Color the cytosines yellow.
Note that that the bases attach to the sides of the ladder at the sugars and not the phosphate.
The two sides of the DNA ladder are held together loosely by hydrogen bonds. The DNA can actually "unzip" when
it needs to replicate - or make a copy of itself. DNA needs to copy itself when a cell divides, so that the new cells
each contain a copy of the DNA. Without these instructions, the new cells wouldn't have the correct information.
The hydrogen bonds are represented by small circles. Color the hydrogen bonds gray.
Messenger RNA
So, now, we know the nucleus controls the cell's activities through the chemical DNA, but how? It is the sequence
of bases that determine which protein is to be made. The sequence is like a code that we can now interpret. The
sequence determines which proteins are made and the proteins determine which activities will be performed. And
that is how the nucleus is the control center of the cell. The only problem is that the DNA is too big to go through
the nuclear pores. So a chemical is used read the DNA in the nucleus. That chemical is messenger RNA. The
messenger RNA (mRNA) is small enough to go through the nuclear pores. It takes the "message" of the DNA to
the ribosomes and "tells them" what proteins are to be made. Recall that proteins are the body's building blocks.
Imagine that the code taken to the ribosomes is telling the ribosome what is needed - like a recipe.
Messenger RNA is similar to DNA, except that it is a single strand, and it has no thymine. Instead of thymine,
mRNA contains the base Uracil. In addition to that difference, mRNA has the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose.
RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. Color the mRNA as you did the DNA, except:
Color the ribose a DARKER BLUE, and the uracil brown.
2. The Blueprint of Life
Every cell in your body has the same "blueprint" or the same DNA. Like the blueprints of a house tell the builders
how to construct a house, the DNA "blueprint" tells the cell how to build the organism. Yet, how can a heart be so
different from a brain if all the cells contain the same instructions? Although much work remains in genetics, it has
become apparent that a cell has the ability to turn off most genes and only work with the genes necessary to do a
job. We also know that a lot of DNA apparently is nonsense and codes for nothing. These regions of DNA that do
not code for proteins are called introns, or sometimes "junk DNA".
QUESTIONS
1. Why is the nucleus called the "control center" of the cell?__________________________________________
2. What is a gene? __________________________________________________________________________
3. Where in the cell are chromosomes located? _____________________________________________________
4. DNA can be found in what organelles? _________________________________________________________
5. What two scientists established the structure of DNA? ______________________________________________
6. What is the shape of DNA? _____________________________________________
7. What are the sides of the DNA ladder made of? __________________________________________________
8. What are the 4 bases that make up the rungs of the DNA ladder? ____________________________________
9. What sugar is found in DNA? ____________________________ In RNA? _____________________________
10. How do the bases bond together? A bonds with _____ G bonds with _______
11. Why is RNA necessary to act as a messenger? _________________________________________________
12. Proteins are made where in the cell? __________________________________________________________
13. How is RNA different from DNA? (list 3 things) ___________________________________________________
14. How do some cells become brain cells and others become skin cells, when the DNA in ALL the cells is exactly
the same. In other words, if the instructions are exactly the same, how does one cell become a brain cell and
another a skin cell?
15. Why is DNA called the "Blueprint of Life"?
3. DNA - The Double Helix Color the images
according to the
instructions