The document discusses the impact of disruptive technologies on the revolution of smart grids, highlighting their potential to create new markets, enhance efficiency, and improve reliability through innovations like advanced robotics and real-time geo-visualization. It emphasizes the need for autonomous controls to manage electricity generation and distribution effectively, integrating multiple microgrids while addressing challenges such as safety, power quality, and data analytics. The presentation concludes with a vision for a smart grid roadmap involving advanced technologies and improved decision-making support.

1. Disruptive Technologies influencing
Smart Grid revolution
Speaker: Jayant Sinha
Date: 8th April 2016
United Kingdom
jayant.sinha@enzen.com

2. Agenda
• What are disruptive technologies?
• Disruptive technologies in Smart Grids
• Changes sought by these technologies
• How these will affect us?
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3. Disruptive technology
• Creates a new market and value chain
• Disrupts existing market
• Displaces established market brands
• Coined by Clayton M. Christensen in
his book- ‘The innovator’s dilemma’
• Can be evolutionary, but more often
revolutionary

4. Moving towards a Smarter Grid
Intelligent: Sensing system overloads, reroute power to prevent outages, respond faster to fault conditions
Efficient: Meeting increased demand without adding infrastructure
Resilient: Accepting energy from both traditional and renewal energy sources
DSM: Customising energy consumption based on consumer preference, price and environment goal
PQM: Delivering power quality free of sags, spikes, disturbances and interruptions
Self-healing: Resisting cyber attacks & system faults as network becomes decentralized and fault tolerant
CDM: Supporting clean technologies offering significant environmental improvement
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5. Advanced Robotics
The Challenge
• Repairing HV and LV lines is among the top
10 most dangerous jobs in the world,
according to a report.
Solution
• Advanced robotics and aerial drones
Value proposition
• Enhance safety of crews & equipment
• Reduce line inspection & maintenance
costs
• Cyclone damage assessment and quick
restoration measures
• Enhance electric grid reliability
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According to Navigant Research, Robotics and Aerial
Drones market is expected to grow from $132 million
(in 2015) to about $4 billion in 2024

6. VERDE - Visualizing Energy Resources Dynamically on Earth
The Challenge
• Lack of wide-area situational awareness
of power networks leading to blackouts,
power disruption and failure to respond
quickly towards system restoration
Solution & Value proposition
• Real-time geo-visualization of electric
grid across multiple regions, using
remote sensing techniques (e.g. LiDAR*)
• Integration with meteorological data
• Mitigating risk of catastrophic failure
• Grid behaviour modelling & simulation
• Accelerating contingency analysis
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Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is developing a national
visualisation capability for the U.S. Dept. of Energy to enable real-time
visualisation and state analysis of electric grid. The aim is to assist in
the coordination and response during wide-area power outages and
catastrophic events, and protect the national critical infrastructure.
*LiDAR: Light Detection And Ranging

7. 3D Modelling of T&D Lines using LiDAR
The Challenge
• Aging and overloaded transmission &
distribution lines, approvals and planning to
construct new lines
Solution & Value proposition
• LiDAR imaging data acquisition & analysis
• Combined with 3D modelling allows
complete line verification and multifaceted
analysis
• Determine maximum thermal operating
limits of a transmission system, line sag,
ground clearance, contour and undergrowth
• Efficient planning with minimal social and
environmental impact
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Source: Earth Imaging Journal

8. Active Network Management (ANM)
Solution & Value Proposition
• Autonomous Controls to manage electricity
generation (supply) and load (demand)
• Monitoring instantaneous parameters (voltage,
current, active & reactive power, phase &
frequency) in real time
• Complements SCADA & Protection systems
• Safe, Reliable and Efficient Operation
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The Challenge
• Integrating multiple micro-grids (distributed &
renewable sources) into the main Distribution Grid
• Managing power, voltage and system constraints
resulting from above and grid stabilisation

9. Modes of Microgrid operation
• Interconnected mode
– Microgrid interconnected with the main
Transmission & Distribution system
• Transition mode
– Microgrid transitioning between
interconnected and islanded mode
• Islanded mode
– Microgrid operating on independent grid
Value proposition
• Distributed generation, Enhanced reliability
• Fuel & Energy security
• Use of renewable sources, Carbon reduction
• Plug n Play, Virtual Power Plants
Integrated Microgrid

10. Impulsive Transient
(~ lightning)
OscillatoryTransient
(~network switching)
Typically 5 and 500 kHz; 1.5 times amplitude,10 μs
Causes:
• Variable speed drives
• Thyristor-controlled drives
• Rectifiers, Inverters
• SMPS, CVT
• UPS
• LEDs
Harmonics
Phase Imbalance
Power Quality Challenges

11. Proactive Management
• Remote sensors
• Advanced telemetry
• Data Analytics
• Artificial Intelligence
• Cyber security
– Digital Certificates
– Multi-factor
Authentication
– VPN
– Encryption

12. IT-OT Integration
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13. Smart Roadmap
• Integrated communications, interoperable
components, open architecture & real-time
information
• Sensor and telemetry to support faster and more
accurate response
• Remote monitoring, time-of-use pricing and
demand-side management
• Advanced components adopting the latest research
in superconductivity, nanotechnology, energy
storage & power electronics
• Advanced control methods to monitor grid
components, enabling rapid diagnosis & system
restoration
• Improved interfaces and decision support systems to
amplify decision-making

14. Glimpses of the future

15. Thank You!
Jayant Sinha
Principal Consultant (Energy & Utilties)
Jayant.sinha@enzen.com