Diseases and pests of honey bee

1. Diseases And Pests Of
Honey Bee
By Muhammad Rehan
BS Forestry
University OF Swat
+923469792050
ForesterRehanUOS@Yahoo.Com

2. Diseases And Pests Of
Honeybees
• Diseases of Brood
• Diseases of Adults
• Parasites (Pests)

3. HEALTHY BEE
• Eggs and larvae are pearly white and plump.
• Capped brood is medium brown, convex
with few missed cells --more or less solid
pattern / cappings are not perforated.
• Adults have a overall healthy appearance
with iridescent wings that are normally
folded when not flying.

4. Brood Diseases
• American Foulbrood
• European Foulbrood
• Sac Brood
• Chalk brood

5. •American Foulbrood
(Paenicillus larvae)
• American Foulbrood Affects Honeybee
Larvae .
• AFB is a spore forming bacterium .
• AFB is one of the most serious diseases
of Honeybees.
• AFB brood can appear black and shiny.
• The cappings are perforated and sunken.

6. • The young larvae are infected in the first two
days of life.
• Larval death occurs after the cell is capped
when the larvae is in the prepupal or early
pupal stage
• The young larvae turn coffee colored.
• The larval remains continue to deteriorate
and becomes quite odorous.
• Hence the term “Foulbrood.

7. Prevention
• Inspection and early detection may
prevent the disease from spreading to other
colonies.
• Terramycin kills the vegatative stage of the
bacterium.
• This can prevent sporulation and arrest
the progress of the disease.

8. Treatments
• Destruction of Bees and Fumigation of
Equipment.
• Burning of Equipment.

9. European Foulbrood
(Mellisoccus Pluton)
• Caused by a non-spore forming bacterium.
• Appearance similar to AFB.
• Sunken perforated cappings
• May be discolored
• Cells may not be capped at all
• EFB Kills the larvae at an earlier stage
than AFB
• The larvae appear curled & twisted instead
of stretched out

10. Treatment
• TM is an effective treatment.
• M. Pluton is not a spore former.
• Infection is not as serious as AFB.
• It will sometimes resolve itself.

11. Chalk Brood
( Ascophaera apis)
•Caused by a spore forming fungus.
•Is not usually a serious disease.
•Dead Larvae look whitish and dry
• They are easily removed from the cells
• Dead larvae are referred to as mummies
• Mummies are white and gray
• The colour comes from the fruiting bodies
of the fungus

12. Treatment
lRequeen colonies if the bad case.
lHygenic behavior helps to control the
disease.

13. Sac Brood
• Caused by a Virus –Sacbrood virus SBR.
• Larvae are dead with “tails” straight up.
• Larvae are easily removed intact in their
larval skins “sac”.
• Sac is full of virus particles.
• Usually worse in the Spring.
• No Treatment.

14. Nosema disease (Nosemosis)
•Caused by a protozoan -Nosema Apis.
•Affects bees midgut.
•Causes water retention.
•Causes Dysentery.
•Normal midgut is straw colored or
translucent .
•Infected one are white or milky.

15. • Nosema disease is generally regarded
as one of the most destructive diseases of
adult bees, affecting workers, queens and
drones alike,Seriously affected worker
bees are unable to fly.
Treatment
– Use Fumadil to treat according to Label.

16. Parasites
•Varroa Mites – Varroa destructor
•Trachael Mites – Acarapis woodi
•Nosema Apis
• Small Hive Beetle Athena Tumida
• Wax Moth (Galleria melonella)
• Black Bears
which causes serious demage to
honey bees.