Forest Entomology topic for Forestry students

1. Presented by: MUHAMMAD SAIF
BS FORSTRY
3rdrd
SAMESTER
FOREST ENTOMOLOGY
PRESENTATION ON
Diseases and pests of honey bee

2. Diseases and Pests of Honeybees
• Diseases of Brood
• Diseases of Adults
• Parasites (Pests)

3. HEALTHY BEE
•Eggs and larvae are pearly white and
plump.
• Capped brood is medium brown, convex
with few missed cells --more or less solid
pattern / cappings are not perforated.
• Adults have a overall healthy appearance
with iridescent wings that are normally
folded when not flying.

4. Brood Diseases
• American Foulbrood
• European Foulbrood
• Sac Brood
• Chalk brood

5. •American Foulbrood
(Paenicillus larvae)
• American Foulbrood Affects Honeybee
Larvae .
• AFB is a spore forming bacterium .
• AFB is one of the most serious diseases
of Honeybees.
• AFB brood can appear black and shiny.
• The cappings are perforated and
sunken.

6. .The young larvae are infected in the first
two days of life.
.Larval death occurs after the cell is
capped
when the larvae is in the prepupal or early
pupal stage
• The young larvae turn coffee colored.
• The larval remains continue to deteriorate
and becomes quite odorous.
• Hence the term “Foulbrood.

7. Prevention
• Inspection and early detection may
prevent the disease from spreading to
other colonies.
• Terramycin kills the vegatative stage of the
bacterium.
• This can prevent sporulation and arrest
the progress of the disease.

8. Treatments
• Destruction of Bees and Fumigation of
Equipment.
• Burning of Equipment.

9. European Foulbrood
(Mellisoccus Pluton)
• Caused by a non-spore forming
bacterium.
• Appearance similar to AFB.• Sunken perforated cappings
• May be discolored
• Cells may not be capped at all
• EFB Kills the larvae at an earlier stage
than AFB
• The larvae appear curled & twisted instead
of stretched out

10. Treatment
• TM is an effective treatment.
• M. Pluton is not a spore former.
• Infection is not as serious as AFB.
• It will sometimes resolve itself.

11. Chalk Brood
( Ascophaera apis)
•Caused by a spore forming fungus.
•Is not usually a serious disease.
•Dead Larvae look whitish and dry
• They are easily removed from the cells
• Dead larvae are referred to as mummies
• Mummies are white and gray
• The colour comes from the fruiting bodies
of the fungus

12. Treatment
Requeen colonies if the bad case.
Hygenic behavior helps to control the
disease.

13. Sac Brood
• Caused by a Virus –Sacbrood virus SBR.
• Larvae are dead with “tails” straight up.
• Larvae are easily removed intact in their
larval skins “sac”.
• Sac is full of virus particles.
• Usually worse in the Spring.
• No Treatment.

14. Nosema disease (Nosemosis)
•Caused by a protozoan -Nosema Apis.
•Affects bees midgut.
•Causes water retention.
•Causes Dysentery.
•Normal midgut is straw colored or
translucent .
•Infected one are white or milky.

15. •Nosema disease is generally regarded
as one of the most destructive diseases of
adult bees, affecting workers, queens and
drones alike,Seriously affected worker
bees are unable to fly.
Treatment
–Use Fumadil to treat according to Label.

16. Parasites
• Varroa Mites – Varroa destructor
• Trachael Mites – Acarapis woodi
• Nosema Apis
•Small Hive Beetle Athena Tumida
•Wax Moth (Galleria melonella)
•Black Bears
which causes serious demage
to
honey bees.

17. Thanks