A Presentation on Disaster Management in India

1. DIsASTER MANAGEMENT
Presented By,
A.Ajay Kumar Reddy,
B-Pharmacy-II/IV,
Reg No:13421R0003

2. Definition:
Disaster is situation arising from natural forces
where large disruption of infrastructure, services
occurs ,causing a serious impact on human life,
economy and environment.
United Nations: the occurrence of sudden or
major misfortune which disrupts the basic fabric
and normal functioning of the society
ACT OF GOD

3. 32%
30%
22%
10%
6% Significant Damage
Floods
Tropical
Cyclones
Drought
Earthquakes
35%
4%
7%
33%
21%
Persons Affected
Droughts Earthquakes
Other Disasters Floods
Tropical Cyclones
26%
23%
9%
8%
4%
18%
12%
Number Of Deaths
Tropical Cyclones Epidemics Landslides Storms Drought Earthquakes Other Disasters

4. Various Types Of Disasters:
• Tornadoes
• Cyclone
• Hailstorms
• Wind storms
• Frost
• Hog
• Drought
• Flood
• Landslide
• Forest fires
• Lightning
•Earthquakes
•Floods
•Cyclone
•Landslides

5. Volcano’s In India
Active Volcano
• Barren Island Volcano
Last erupted in May 2005
Dormant Volcano
Narcondum
Mud Volcano At Baratang in
Andaman Islands

6. India’s Vulnerability to Disasters
• 57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of these, 12% is
vulnerable to severe earthquakes.
• 68% land is vulnerable to drought.
• 12% land is vulnerable to floods.
• 8% land is vulnerable to cyclones.
• Apart from natural disasters, some cities in India are also
vulnerable to chemical and industrial disasters and man-
made disasters.

7. India is among 15 countries
facing extreme risk from
natural disasters in a “natural
disaster risk index”
Top
Bangladesh
•World bank estimates that about -2,50,000 lives are lost due to
natural disasters either directly or indirectly
•Annual economic costs related to disasters are US-$50-100
billion
•some years up to -440 billion
•Globally 70% of disasters are due to weather and climate

8. A Typical Disaster Management continuum consists of 6 elements:
•Prevention
•Mitigation
•Preparedness in Pre-disaster phase
•Response in Disaster phase
•Rehabilitation
•Reconstruction in Post Disaster phase

9. New Directions for Disaster Management in
India
• The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
has been set up as the apex body for Disaster
Management in India, with the Prime Minister as its
Chairman.
• Disaster Management Authorities will be set up at the
State and District Levels to be headed by the Chief
Ministers and Collectors/Zilla Parishad Chairmen
respectively.

10. New Directions for Disaster Management in
India
• A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administerd by
NDMA. States and districts will administer mitigation funds.
• A National Disaster Response Fund will be administerd by
NDMA through the National Executive Committee. States and
Districts will administer state Disaster Response Fund and
Disaster Response Fund respectively.
• 8 Battalions of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) are
being trained and deployed with CSSR and MFR equipments
and tools in eight strategic locations.
• A National Disaster Management Policy and National Disaster
Response Plan will also be drawn up.

11. Nodal Agencies For Disaster Management
Floods Ministry Of Water Resources, CWC
Cyclones Indian Meteorological Department
Earthquakes Indian Meteorological Department
Epidemics Ministry Of Health and Family Welfare
Avian Flu Ministry Of Health, Ministry Of Environment, Ministry
Of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Chemical Disasters Ministry Of Environment And Forests
Industrial Disasters Ministry Of Labour
Rail Accidents Ministry Of Railways
Air Accidents Ministry Of Civil Aviation
Fire Ministry Of Home Affairs
Nuclear Incidents Department Of Atomic Energy
Mine Disasters Department of Mines

12. Earthquakes
• Occurs due sudden movement of EARTH CRUST
• Violent Short vibrations in earth crust

16. Distribution of epicenters of earthquakes greater than magnitude 5.0 for the period 1976-
2000, South East Asia and Indian Ocean

18. Richter Scale Machine

22. Case Studies
For
Earthquakes

23. Chile Earthquake
Largest
Earthquake
May/22/1960
Richter Scale of
9.5
90,000Sq.miles
6000 People were
died

24. Bhuj Town Earthquake
•Killed about
20,000-30,000
people
•5.3 megaton
Hydrogen Bomb

25. China Tsunami’s
Tsunami on
March/11/2011 in
Japan Caused
Fukushima
Nuclear disaster
•Occurred in 1556 killed 8,30,000 people
•In 1976 killed 50,000 people

26. The 2004 Asian Tsunami
Indian Oceanearthquake
Boxing Day Tsunami
Second LargestEarthquake
Teletsunami
26/12/2012
24/12/2012
Orkut.com

27. Devastating undersea
earthquake
9.1&9.3 on Richter scale
Triggered a series of
tsunamis with waves upto
30m
1.86 Lakh people died
Contd..
Energy Released
15joules
0.8 gigatons of TNT
1035.3 
15

28. Floods
Floods are most common among natural disasters in India
 The Inundation of land by overflow of water is called a flood
The heavy south west monsoon causes the Bramhaputra and
other rivers to distend their banks
Floods can kill thousands and displace millions
Causes a great Economic loss and health related problems
Uttar Pradesh is amongst the worst flood hit states in India

32. Case Studies
For
Floods

33. Uttarakhand Floods
•14-17/June/2013
•Deavsted the whole state

34. Mumbai Floods
•July/26& 27/2005
•Worst that Mumbai city has faced
•IMD, Santacruz recorded 944mm of
rain for 24 hours
• Phone networks collapsed ,
highways were blocked & airports
were closed

35. Cyclones
Cyclone is a violent wind rotating round a central sea.
Cyclones combines low pressure and strong winds that rotate
counter clockwise.
Indian Coastline gets exposed to 10% of worlds Tropical
Cyclones
Each year an average 8 storms with speed of >63Kmph form
Common in Tropical Coastal regions
Forms when SST is >260 C
Has a diameter of 100-1500 Km

36. Indian Ocean &
South Pacific
Cyclone
Western Atlantic &
Eastern Pacific
Hurricanes
Western Pacific Typhoon
Australia Willy Willes

38. Management Of Cyclones:
Difficult to stop recurrence of Cyclones
Long term defensive measures to protect from devastation are:
•Planting trees on coastal belt
Construction of dams, dykes,
embankments, storm shelter,
wind breaks…e.t.c
•Wide roads for quick evacuation

39. Case Studies
For
Cyclones

40. Hurricane Katrina
•August/23/2005
•V Category
•Wind Speed-280 kmph
•Caused 1800 deaths
•Economic loss of $75 Billion

41. Hurricane Sandy
•October/24/2012
•Largest and Second
Costliest
•Loss of $20 Billion
•Ruined Caribbean,
Mid-Atlantic and
Northern US

42. Hurricane Nilam
•October/30/2012
•Developed due to
Sandy
•Damage in
Mahabalipuram,
Chennai
•AP State Incurred
a loss of 200cr

43. Cyclone HudHud
•Devasted Andhra Pradesh
•Effected City Vizag to a large
extentt
•In habituated many regions
along the coastline

44. Landslides
Occurs when coherent rock of soil
masses move downslope due to
gravitational pull
Comon in Lower Himalayas
Young Age of region hills result in rock
formations which are susceptible to
slippages
Efffects western ghats and Nilgiri
Range

45. Earthquake, Vibrations
Landslides can be masked by other factors like:
Saturation of the
unconsolidated
sediments exposed due
to logging, road or
house building
Disturbances in
resistant rock
overlying rock of low
resistance.
Unconsolidated
sediments exposed due
to logging, road or
house building

47. References:
Introduction To Environmental Science By Y.Anjaneyulu
Perspectives In Environmental Studies By Anubha Kaushik&
C P kaushik
Manorama Year Book 2014- An Article on Diasater
Management In India By Dr. Raju Narayana Swamy, I.A.S.
Image Source
Various links from Google.com

48. THANK YOU