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Disaster management
- 1. DIsASTER MANAGEMENT Presented By, A.AjayKumar Reddy, B-Pharmacy-II/IV, Reg No:13421R0003
- 2. Definition: Disaster is situationarising from natural forces where large disruption of infrastructure, services occurs ,causing a serious impact on human life, economy and environment. United Nations: the occurrence of sudden or major misfortune which disrupts the basic fabric and normal functioning of the society ACT OF GOD
- 3. 32% 30% 22% 10% 6% Significant Damage Floods Tropical Cyclones Drought Earthquakes 35% 4% 7% 33% 21% PersonsAffected Droughts Earthquakes Other Disasters Floods Tropical Cyclones 26% 23% 9% 8% 4% 18% 12% Number Of Deaths Tropical Cyclones Epidemics Landslides Storms Drought Earthquakes Other Disasters
- 4. Various Types OfDisasters: • Tornadoes • Cyclone • Hailstorms • Wind storms • Frost • Hog • Drought • Flood • Landslide • Forest fires • Lightning •Earthquakes •Floods •Cyclone •Landslides
- 5. Volcano’s In India ActiveVolcano • Barren Island Volcano Last erupted in May 2005 Dormant Volcano Narcondum Mud Volcano At Baratang in Andaman Islands
- 6. India’s Vulnerability toDisasters • 57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of these, 12% is vulnerable to severe earthquakes. • 68% land is vulnerable to drought. • 12% land is vulnerable to floods. • 8% land is vulnerable to cyclones. • Apart from natural disasters, some cities in India are also vulnerable to chemical and industrial disasters and man- made disasters.
- 7. India is among15 countries facing extreme risk from natural disasters in a “natural disaster risk index” Top Bangladesh •World bank estimates that about -2,50,000 lives are lost due to natural disasters either directly or indirectly •Annual economic costs related to disasters are US-$50-100 billion •some years up to -440 billion •Globally 70% of disasters are due to weather and climate
- 8. A Typical DisasterManagement continuum consists of 6 elements: •Prevention •Mitigation •Preparedness in Pre-disaster phase •Response in Disaster phase •Rehabilitation •Reconstruction in Post Disaster phase
- 9. New Directions forDisaster Management in India • The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has been set up as the apex body for Disaster Management in India, with the Prime Minister as its Chairman. • Disaster Management Authorities will be set up at the State and District Levels to be headed by the Chief Ministers and Collectors/Zilla Parishad Chairmen respectively.
- 10. New Directions forDisaster Management in India • A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administerd by NDMA. States and districts will administer mitigation funds. • A National Disaster Response Fund will be administerd by NDMA through the National Executive Committee. States and Districts will administer state Disaster Response Fund and Disaster Response Fund respectively. • 8 Battalions of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) are being trained and deployed with CSSR and MFR equipments and tools in eight strategic locations. • A National Disaster Management Policy and National Disaster Response Plan will also be drawn up.
- 11. Nodal Agencies ForDisaster Management Floods Ministry Of Water Resources, CWC Cyclones Indian Meteorological Department Earthquakes Indian Meteorological Department Epidemics Ministry Of Health and Family Welfare Avian Flu Ministry Of Health, Ministry Of Environment, Ministry Of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Chemical Disasters Ministry Of Environment And Forests Industrial Disasters Ministry Of Labour Rail Accidents Ministry Of Railways Air Accidents Ministry Of Civil Aviation Fire Ministry Of Home Affairs Nuclear Incidents Department Of Atomic Energy Mine Disasters Department of Mines
- 12. Earthquakes • Occurs duesudden movement of EARTH CRUST • Violent Short vibrations in earth crust
- 16. Distribution of epicentersof earthquakes greater than magnitude 5.0 for the period 1976- 2000, South East Asia and Indian Ocean
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- 23. Chile Earthquake Largest Earthquake May/22/1960 Richter Scaleof 9.5 90,000Sq.miles 6000 People were died
- 24. Bhuj Town Earthquake •Killedabout 20,000-30,000 people •5.3 megaton Hydrogen Bomb
- 25. China Tsunami’s Tsunami on March/11/2011in Japan Caused Fukushima Nuclear disaster •Occurred in 1556 killed 8,30,000 people •In 1976 killed 50,000 people
- 26. The 2004 AsianTsunami Indian Oceanearthquake Boxing Day Tsunami Second LargestEarthquake Teletsunami 26/12/2012 24/12/2012 Orkut.com
- 27. Devastating undersea earthquake 9.1&9.3 onRichter scale Triggered a series of tsunamis with waves upto 30m 1.86 Lakh people died Contd.. Energy Released 15joules 0.8 gigatons of TNT 1035.3 15
- 28. Floods Floods are mostcommon among natural disasters in India The Inundation of land by overflow of water is called a flood The heavy south west monsoon causes the Bramhaputra and other rivers to distend their banks Floods can kill thousands and displace millions Causes a great Economic loss and health related problems Uttar Pradesh is amongst the worst flood hit states in India
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- 34. Mumbai Floods •July/26& 27/2005 •Worstthat Mumbai city has faced •IMD, Santacruz recorded 944mm of rain for 24 hours • Phone networks collapsed , highways were blocked & airports were closed
- 35. Cyclones Cyclone is aviolent wind rotating round a central sea. Cyclones combines low pressure and strong winds that rotate counter clockwise. Indian Coastline gets exposed to 10% of worlds Tropical Cyclones Each year an average 8 storms with speed of >63Kmph form Common in Tropical Coastal regions Forms when SST is >260 C Has a diameter of 100-1500 Km
- 36. Indian Ocean & SouthPacific Cyclone Western Atlantic & Eastern Pacific Hurricanes Western Pacific Typhoon Australia Willy Willes
- 38. Management Of Cyclones: Difficultto stop recurrence of Cyclones Long term defensive measures to protect from devastation are: •Planting trees on coastal belt Construction of dams, dykes, embankments, storm shelter, wind breaks…e.t.c •Wide roads for quick evacuation
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- 40. Hurricane Katrina •August/23/2005 •V Category •WindSpeed-280 kmph •Caused 1800 deaths •Economic loss of $75 Billion
- 41. Hurricane Sandy •October/24/2012 •Largest andSecond Costliest •Loss of $20 Billion •Ruined Caribbean, Mid-Atlantic and Northern US
- 42. Hurricane Nilam •October/30/2012 •Developed dueto Sandy •Damage in Mahabalipuram, Chennai •AP State Incurred a loss of 200cr
- 43. Cyclone HudHud •Devasted AndhraPradesh •Effected City Vizag to a large extentt •In habituated many regions along the coastline
- 44. Landslides Occurs when coherentrock of soil masses move downslope due to gravitational pull Comon in Lower Himalayas Young Age of region hills result in rock formations which are susceptible to slippages Efffects western ghats and Nilgiri Range
- 45. Earthquake, Vibrations Landslides canbe masked by other factors like: Saturation of the unconsolidated sediments exposed due to logging, road or house building Disturbances in resistant rock overlying rock of low resistance. Unconsolidated sediments exposed due to logging, road or house building
- 47. References: Introduction To EnvironmentalScience By Y.Anjaneyulu Perspectives In Environmental Studies By Anubha Kaushik& C P kaushik Manorama Year Book 2014- An Article on Diasater Management In India By Dr. Raju Narayana Swamy, I.A.S. Image Source Various links from Google.com
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