Digital Indi Challenges Of Data Mining Essay

Digital Indi Challenges Of Data Mining Essay
Digital india :– Challenges of Data Mining Implementation in E–Commerce in India
Abstract:
Data mining has drastically altered how businesses are being operated, especially in the online
domain. This paper attempts to review the massive growth of data mining applications to improve
the profitability of e–commerce ventures. As consumers increasingly tend to make their purchases
online and with many companies investing heavily on improving their web presence, it is only
natural that the whole process of collecting and mining web data has become instrumental in
determining a company's bottom line. What started off as a simple analysis of user behavior and
online transactional data has now transformed into a massive, multidisciplinary knowledge
discovery process involving huge data sets, algorithms, statistical techniques and analytics to glean
new information. The article focuses on some data mining applications unique to e–commerce
ventures and how they are being utilized in the current scenario. E– Commerce (Electronic–
Commerce) has made it possible for business to give advertisement along with features and price–
tag of products using computers. All organizations are setting for E–commerce as it is simple,
secured and efficient. Moreover it standardizes organization in present competitive market. E–
Commerce is used to handle electronic commerce. It is the latest trend for commerce.
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Lack Of Professional Human Resource Workforce
Lack of Professional Human Resource Workforce A mechanized information framework requires
gifted work force for its successful operation. Preparing is one of the angles for utilization of any
new technology. Inadequacy of talented workforce can be overcome by giving fitting preparing in
the required range. An appropriate preparing module in building engineering of a solid database
ought to be accessible. On the off chance that it is not actualized, then results or results picked up by
such sort of databases gives unauthentic results which can nor be utilized for basic leadership
process nor for confirmation based practice. Preparing requires cost and also time.
Cost and time barriers
Significant issue in arranging workshops and trainings ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Evaluation of integration technologies
While trying to give a reasonable point of view of the accessible mechanical methodologies that can
be actualized in the healthcare store network, this area talks about the general focal points and
drawbacks of every combination technology, specifically, message–and question arranged
advancements.
Electronic data interchange
For a long time, EDIFACT has been the most broadly utilized convention for EDI messages.
Numerous healthcare associations, and also businesses in different commercial enterprises, have
utilized the EDI approach as a part of request to trade particular space records towards the end of
work serious assignments. As a rule, EDI encourages the application–to–application electronic trade
of linguistically organized information arranged reports. However, over the years it has become
apparent that healthcare communication standards, such as EDI messages, fail to effectively
establish requirements for the internal structure and architecture of communicating systems,
requiring the information in any one system to be mapped twice: once into the message standard
format by the contributing system, and once back into the internal representation of the receiving
system (Dudeck, 1998).Although the EDI approach achieves integration at the data level, it does not
provide process integration. Thus, it has been characterised by many as a complex technology owing
to the daunting task of the mapping

Hsa 520 Final Exam Solution 100% Correct Answer
HSA 520 Final Exam Solution 100% Correct Answer Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial
https://homeworklance.com/downloads/hsa–520–final–exam–solution–100–correct–answer/
Description: The main means of amassing data include: Answer Question 2 The data input phase
includes: Question 3 An information–discovery culture ensures: Question 4 Emerging trends that are
encouraging heathcare executives to become interested in developing innovative, integrative, and
cost–beneficial HMIS solutions include: Question 5 Because it is an art form, motivation requires
that the CIO have special skills and elevated expertise, including: Question 6 In a healthcare
services organizational context, the mission, goals, and objectives of the health ... Show more
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EHR would portray: Answer Question 23 Computer–based decision support systems (CDSS) are:
Answer Question 24 A Web–based PHR system will empower patients with: Answer Question 25
Three categories of healthcare data are required, almost universally, by healthcare services
organizations for supporting their planning and decision–making activities, and one of these is:
Answer Question 26 Most legacy systems were developed using different system platforms such as:
Question 27 Legacy systems were mostly developed using different database management systems
such as: Answer Question 28 The traditional healthcare services organizations are expected to be
transformed in the coming years, to include: Question 29 To support XML document processing, a
variety of specifications and standards have emerged, such as: Question 30 As a modular, self–
describing type of software service, Web services are self–contained applications that can be:
Answer Question 1 The movement toward the use of EHR has developed much further in countries
other than the United

Application of Information Technology for International...
Application of information technology for international logistics management
In recent years, logistics has been identified as having the potential to become the next governing
element of corporate strategy to create value for customers, generate cost savings, enforce discipline
in marketing efforts and extend the flexibility of production and information technology helps to
improve the logistics management.
LIS is defined as a management information system providing management with relevant and timely
information related to logistics functions and logistics activities, Major improvements of
information technology for international logistics there are 7 potential benefits of adopting LIS
Provide a quick response and access to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As for Bar code
The most popular technology for identify cargo information and Bar–coding has now become an
indispensable digital tool to enhance efficiency and accuracy in logistics management.
For instance, all the UPS courier delivery also had the hand help barcode scanner to help receive
courier. They can use barcode to identify all the detail and it provides lots of information, e.g.
airway bill number and customer information. The system is based on UPS Trackpad technology
and that will improve commutation links and ensure the package tracking and reliability that
customers expect from the world 's largest delivery company.
Radio frequency identification (RFID)
The RFID had the major component which is an Automatic Transponder. This is located on the
object to be identified and navigate the location from the reader.
First advancements in RFID technology coupled with decreasing costs have allowed RFID to gain
greater prominence and therefore a higher level of adoption. The following are examples of the
unique capabilities offered by RFID:
 Orientation independence – RF tags do not require line of sight as in the case of barcodes. This
eliminates some of the additional steps required to orient the object toward the scanner
 Information capabilities – Different tag types have a broad range of options for data content and
read–write capabilities. The communication of this data could be

Disadvantages Of Macos And Vba
Macros and VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) provide users with the ability to add functionality
to their access application. Both allow for similar tasks to be done but VBA is a more complex
version. Macros are essentially prewritten instructions that are executed when an event happens (e.g.
user clicks a command button). The use of Macros does not require the knowledge of programming
and increases productivity by enabling the user to perform tasks with a few clicks instead of writing
code. VBA is a programming language that is event driven. In access 2013 a Macro can be used by
selecting the macro button in the create toolbar when your mouse is left to hover over the button the
definition add logic to your database to automate repetitive ... Show more content on
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Setting prices for products/services: This would give the producer of where the product would be a
success in terms of what it is the producer wants from selling the product/service. Establishing
policies on returns and warranties :If returns and warranties information isn't managed correctly this
could be very costly to the producer since it would increase cost
Deciding on credit terms: if borrower's aren't reliable they would cause u too go in debt
Determining short–term borrowing needs : without complete understanding of short term needs
banks could loan money but if the user can't pay they may not be able to retain anything since the
user doesn't have anything to retain
Planning new marketing campaigns: marketing campaigns generally bring in no money by
themselves therefore they need to be as cost effective as

International Barriers to E-commerce Essay
International Barriers to E–commerce
Aravind Alluri
Abstract
In the recent years, the internet has been known for an impressive evolution, having a major impact
on all aspects of life esp., e–commerce (EC). This paper mainly explains the EC and also identifies
the various international barriers to e–commerce and they can be evaluated for EC success.
Introduction
E–commerce is a combination of three different areas of study, namely technology, business and
law/policy. EC is a kind of electronic medium for trading in goods and services. It is considered as
exchanges between individuals/organizations channeled through technology, supported by electronic
means. Worldwide business growth of the Internet and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
b. Integration of Legacy Systems:
The actual issue is to integrate EDI transactions into legacy mainframe systems. Even though some
have the updated high end systems, they don't give much flexibility to integrate. This might not be a
severe issue in some countries which have upgraded systems and give some flexibility.
c. Language:
Support for national languages in IT industry is necessary for true GEC. There should be language
specific standards especially in EDI to resolve this issue. Every firm has to look for
internationalizing their EC website i.e. language specific basing on the language in that country.
d. Security:
Unsecured transmission on the internet is quoted as the main deterrent for rapid growth of GEC.
Although the security has been improved in recent years but still it's a risk for commercial
transactions. Globally many think that Internet is widely insecure esp. financial payment
transactions. Security technologies such as pretty good privacy (PGP) are instantly available to use
as a plugin to a web browser for enabling the secure environment for commercial transactions. The
reinforcement of a secure internet payment method is crucial for the development of GEC.
2. Cultural Barriers
In some countries esp. India, trade/business will be done face to face. They prefer to shop their
needs by personally going to the local merchants rather than shopping online. Attracting the

Bose Case Study Summary
This is a case study that is about Bose, a manufacture of luxury audio systems, and the details of
how Bose creates an efficient supply chain, while producing high quality products, through certain
techniques, contracts, and strategy implementations. This Case study highlights how Bose analyzes
their suppliers through a performance measuring system. This measuring system assures Bose, that
they have the have the best suppliers to create the best quality. Another strategy that was touched on
is the implementation, design and integration of an electronic data interchange (EDI) which allows
Bose, and their suppliers, to closely monitor inventory levels. This electronic data interchange
allowed Bose to create the "JIT II system" which selects the best person to order, and manages
inventory levels is the main supplier. These strategies are the reason why Bose has an efficient
supply chain, and high quality products.
1. Why has Bose developed its supplier performance measurement system?
The reason Bose developed this measurement system is because Bose wants to achieve excellent
service, performance, and quality, it's important for Bose to have the best suppliers and for those
suppliers to have the same goal. Bose created their supplier performance measurement system to
evaluate their suppliers. This measurement system is similar to a scorecard because it evaluates their
supplier based off of data that is measurable and if Bose's suppliers are not performing up to Bose's

Samsung Order Cycle Essay
Samsung started from an export business in Taegu, Korea. Today they have became one of the
world's largest electronic companies. Samsung is specialised in digital appliances and media,
semiconductors, memory, and system integration. Samsung's ingenious and high quality products
and developments today is globally recognised. However, their competitor, Apple is also putting on
a strong challenge in the smart phone industry today. As such, Samsung should improve its logistics
management to increase productivity and efficiency to ensure that they stay ahead of their
competitors.
This essay will discuss Samsung's Electronics three aspects of logistics management namely order
cycle process, inventory, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) application.
Order cycle process involves the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Order processing (source: Samsung)
After placing their orders, Samsung would forward the customers desired products to their sales
headquarters. After necessary paper work has been done, the items would then be checked for
availability at specific distribution centres. In a case whereby the selected stock is unavailable in its
specific distribution centres, Samsung would re–import the stocks from overseas factory to replenish
their stocks.
3. Order Picking and Assembly
As Samsung's distribution centre is separated into different zones, most of the items are on shelving
racks divided between different floors. In addition, Samsung has a horizontal carousel and pallet
racks for large items. However, the picking process only starts when the particular printer starts to
print a series of barcode labels. By scanning the barcode with a PDA, it informs the picker exactly
where to go. Upon reaching on its particular site, he scans the barcodes and ratify the number of
items/parts removed. By using the barcode, Samsung is able to reduce the wrong picking location
and the wrong number of items. (Samsung Improves Quality through Compact and Reliable
Scanners,2011, February

Electronic Data Interchange ( Edi ) Specialist
ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE (EDI) SPECIALIST
Enhance Customer Lifetime Value | Drive Innovative New Ideas | Deliver Continuous Process
Improvements
Energetic problem solver with extensive experience in ITIL foundation, project management and
EDI integration. Skilled in understanding, translating, applying business and functional
requirements into user–friendly solutions. Creatively and efficiently help businesses adopt IT
transformation initiatives. Conceive new products, using clear and SMART goals, delivering
growth, profitability and market performance. Effectively manage projects with sense of urgency in
fast–paced and changeable environment.
Influential negotiator and team collaborator who incorporates flexible approach in ... Show more
o Formulated process that examined shipping system application and patch vulnerabilities, boosting
quality and overall customer value. o Approved and facilitated patch vulnerability within defined
time.
Collaborated with IT solution delivery teams on reengineering initiatives, as subject matter expert
(SME) on EDI, driving service improvements by analyzing and reviewing best practices, executing
new methodologies and documenting business and system enhancements. o Decreased turnaround
time on implementing process improvements 20%.
Implemented innovation solutions (minor system enhancements and small projects) that increased
electronic activity for exchanging business documents from paper to digital, reducing cost, growing
revenue and boosting productivity.
EDI Business Analyst, IT Shipping Channels, EDI Asset and Configuration Management 2012 to
2014
Facilitated and assisted with carrying out EDI solutions. Contributed to validation of process
improvements.
Standardized deployment and rollout of EDI execution, driving performance and decreasing time
20%.
Identified gaps in EDI error reporting (failure of business rules, structure, transmission,
translations). Collaborated with IT solution delivery teams, documenting solutions and
implementing fixes. o Achieved business goal, dramatically reducing number of error reports.
Created

A Brief Look at E-Commerce
E–commerce – This is about the purchases and sales of goods and/or services via electronic
channels e.g. internet. It is very convenient to use online retail because it is available 24 hours; it is a
global reach and ease of customer service. E–commerce was first introduced in the 1960's and is not
just on the web. It was created via electronic data interchange and through valued–added networks.
In the 1990's e–commerce was changed due to the introduction of Amazon and eBay which enabled
costumers to sell things online. There are four different types of e–commerce:
.B2B (business to business) – This e–commerce is about companies doing business with each other
e.g. wholesalers selling to retail.
.B2C (business to costumer) – This is about retail selling products to costumers. Costumers put
things in a shopping basket and pay for them without the need of any of person, such as Amazon.
.C2B (costumer to business) – A costumer would post a project with a set amount of money online
and business bid on the project e.g. elance.
C2C (customer to customer) – this type of e–commerce is about online websites (such as eBay)
where people can put products on them to sell onto to other people.
This shows retail businesses, which is business to customer.
This shows customer to customer e–commerce.
This shows online banking.
This show businesses to businesses e–commernce because businesses buy products from a cash and
carry and sell it on in profit.

E Commerce And The Internet
The world largest computer network is the internet. With the astonishing growth of the Internet
nowadays, many companies are finding new ways to expand their business opportunities. One can
even say that there¡¯re almost all companies used computers in their everyday business. Thus, E–
commerce is emerging as an increasingly important way for businesses to reach potential customers.
Introduction
What exactly is e–commerce? Most casual internet users think that e–commerce is just buying and
selling online. Yet this is not the case. Simply put, e–commerce is the electronic exchange of
business information between two or more organizations. There are e–commerce conducted between
businesses and those that carried out between a business and its ... Show more content on
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Advantages of E–commerce
The first advantage that e–commerce possesses is the speed. With the Internet, businesses could
exchange messages or complete transactions almost instantaneously even with slowest connection.
Business owners now have the ability to change and inform the customers of their services and
offers over the internet. This also allows for you to update marketing and promotional materials as
often and as frequently as you would like. With increased speeds of communication, the delivery
time is expedited and that makes the whole transaction from start to finish more efficient.
The second advantage of the electronic commerce is the opportunity to cut costs. By using the
Internet, marketing, distribution, personnel, phone, postage and printing costs, among many others,
can be reduced. Companies could use the internet to search for lowest price materials for their
products. With the extra funding from cutting cost, the company could maximize their advertising
and marketing strategies. ¡°Online advertising has been growing steadily since early 2003 and is on
track to surpass the $10 billion annual spending level for the first time in history. Research firm
eMarketer predicts that more than $12 billion will be spent this year, double 2004 levels. By 2009,
that 's expected to reach $22 billion.¡± (Keith Regan, E–Commerce Times)
The internet was

Electronic Commerce and Easy Page
Chapter 5 Electronic Commerce True/False Questions T F 1. E–commerce is commerce, but it is
commerce accelerated and enhanced by IT, in particular the Internet. Answer: True Level: Easy
Page: 170 T F 2. The B2C segment is where the dollar volume of e–commerce has always been
widely expected to be concentrated. Answer: False Level: Medium Page: 172 T F 3. Demand
aggregation combines purchase requests from multiple buyers into a single large order, which
justifies a discount from the business. Answer: True Level: Easy Page: 181 T F 4. The B2B e–
commerce segment is relatively small compared to the B2C e–commerce segment. Answer: False
Level: Medium Page: 170 T F 5. Smart cards are plastic cards the size ... Show more content on
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Rivalry among existing competitors is high when competition in the industry is fierce. Answer: True
Level: Easy Page: 176 T F 27. The technology present in e–commerce has intensified competition in
almost every industry. Answer: True Level: Medium Page: 176 T F 28. As a result of technology,
buyer power has increased in most industries. Answer: True Level: Medium Page: 177 T F 29.
Digital products are typically the best products to offer in a B2C environment Answer: True Level:
Medium Page: 181 T F 30. For a consumer, a commoditylike product is the same no matter where it
is purchased. Answer: True Level: Easy Page: 179 T F 31. Digital products are expensive to deliver.
Answer: False Level: Medium Page: 181 92 Test Bank, Chapter 5 T F 32. Mass customization
refers to designing products which appeal to as many people as possible. Answer: False Level:
Medium Page: 181 T F 33. Maintenance, repair, and operations materials are also referred to as
direct materials. Answer: False Level: Easy Page: 181 T F 34. A reverse auction occurs when a seller
posts a list of items for sale and then accepts bids from interested buyers. Answer: False Level: Easy
Page: 181 T F 35. An electronic marketplace or e–marketplace is an interactive business providing a
centralized market where many buyers and suppliers can come together for e–commerce or
commerce–related activities. Answer: True Level: Easy Page:

Basic Supply Chain Strategies and Purchasing Techniques
what are the basic supply chain strategies? Explain each strategy, providing relevant examples.
A supply chain strategy is frequently miss–understood with supply chain management, where supply
chain actions are controlled to decrease costs, but with supply chain strategy it defines how the
supply chain should function in order to compete. Supply chain strategy is an iterative method that
evaluates the cost benefit trade–offs of prepared components. A well accomplished supply chain
strategy results in value creation for the business.
The basic supply chain strategies are many suppliers, few suppliers, vertical integration, keiretsu
network, and virtual company.
The many suppliers strategy has many sources per item, it has ... Show more content on
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For example buying or ordering something you want that you cannot find it in local stores off the
internet.
Funds transfer goes with electronic ordering because it is when money is taken from your account
(with your consent) and placed into someone else's account and vice versa you may be receiving
money or transferring money to someone else's bank account. For example you purchase an item of
clothing off the internet and in order for the company who has the item of clothing to send it to you,
you have to pay for the item first so you wound then proceed to means of payment where you will
pay the amount asked for the item with shipping fees if any. Then the money needed for this item
will be transferred from your account to the sellers account. PayPal is a company that most internet
websites use. Both electronic orders and funds transters Reduces cost by reducing paperwork; also
increases the speed of ordering.
electronic data interchange Is the controlled transmission of data between organizations by
electronic means. It is used by companies to exchange information and to transfer electronic
documents and files or business data from one computer system to another computer system, for
example from one trading partner to another trading partner without human involvement. EDI has
replaced the fax machine and mailing list when it comes to information sharing. Using EDI,

Data Interchange Improved Supply Chain Management
Case 3 QUESTION 1: How has EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) improved supply chain
management (SCM)? Use Sears, Dell and Costco as examples. EDI is a system that some small
firms use in order to share business documents with each other. Those business documents can be
purchase orders, shipping bills, invoices, SKUs (product stocking numbers), and so on. Also, many
large companies and industries have this system. EDI system is important because it can support the
relationship among partners. By using EDI system, manufacturers can send information about
customers and products to their suppliers directly and very fast. This process can be done in the
supply chain online. This can reduce the time spent on sending information and ease the ... Show
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When the inventory arrives such level, the buyer's EDI system will create and send the PO
idiomatically. And the vendor's system will receive it within several minutes. But if they use paper–
based process, it will take several days to finish all the steps. QUESTION 4: Describe the four
elements when considering the e–commerce relationship of geographic and legal boundaries as they
pertain to the environment of e–Commerce, in particular, the legal, ethical, and tax issues. When
considering the e–commerce relationship of geographic and legal boundaries, there are four
elements, power, effects, legitimacy, and notice. First of all, power is used to control over people
and objects in a physical space. The government has this kind of power and must use it to manage
the space. What is more, laws are used to judge the behaviors of people. For example, two business
cannot have the same name in the same city. But if they are in different cities, that is not the
problem. Then, legitimacy is the idea when the government puts the subject in–laws. This
government can be formed by people and do things for people. Finally, if there are some changes in
rules, people have to receive the notice of them. Also, when people cross the international borders,
the rules have to be changed with no any excuse on ignorance. Therefore, the government wants to
use laws to control over people and others and manage the e–commerce space. QUESTION 5: What
are the advantages and

The Importance Of The HIPAA Interactions And Code Set...
The HIPAA transactions and code set standards are certain rules that regulate electronic data
interchange (EDI) of healthcare information, which include patients' identifiable and medical data,
between two or more parties. Under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
(HIPAA), if providers or healthcare organizations conduct one of the nine types of electronic
transactions of health–related information, they must adhere to the standards, which include claims
status reporting, claims submission, referral authorization and certification, and benefits
coordination. In addition, HIPAA mandates that all transactions must use standardized medical code
sets, such as CPT codes, Health Care Procedure Coding System (HCPCS), and ICD–10, to ensure
the uniform communications between providers, healthcare organizations, and payers ( American
Medical Association, 2013).
The standards affect all practices because insurance payers and health plans require all paper or
electronically submitted claims must use HIPAA transactions and code set standards to be complied
with HIPAA rules and regulations. The Code Set standards allows any insurance companies to
understand the provided services that providers send in submitted claims. Therefore, the HIPAA
standards assure that payers will promptly respond to electronic claims submission with proper
reimbursements for providers and healthcare organizations with minimal delays. With electronic
transactions, the standards have

Aeon Mission Statement
OVERVIEW AEON Co., Ltd (largest retailer in Asia) is a holding company of AEON Group and
has established itself as a leading chain of General Merchandise Store (GMS).Headquarters Aeon
located in Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan.Around 300 subsidiaries and 26 affiliated companies
ranging from convenience stores, supermarket stores, specialty stores,shopping center, and credit
card business and services are under retail network of AEON. AEON Co., Ltd was first founded by
Sozaemon Okada in 1758 and begins trading in kimono fabrics and accessories. To benefit from
economies of scale,JUSCO Co., Ltd was formed in 1969 through a business tie–up of three
companies which is Okadaya, Futagi and Shiro. In 1980, JUSCO open its first Mini Stop shop.
JUSCO ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It competes on the basis of having unique products and services that are valued by customers.
AEON offers many products and services from its supermarket stores, specialty stores, convenience
stores, shopping stores, entertainment services, and food outlets. The company provides its customer
a wide range of products from food served at its own food courts to clothing to budget items and
under many brands, including its own brands. From time to time, there are promotions of
automotive products, health equipments, beauty products on shows and special displays. During
festive seasons, the company organises cultural shows to attract and entertain customers. Such
approach and concepts differentiates AEON from other shopping companies such as TESCO and
GIANT. The acquisitions of The Claire's, Talbots, and The Sports Authority by AEON have attracted
more customers to spend their money at these chains of specialty stores. Consumers nowadays are
willing to spend more to enjoy higher quality products, even imported ones. AEON has also
provided entertainment services by itself or in collaboration with others. Its indoor amusement park
such as Molly Fantasy, Kidzooona and Fantazia allow customers with families to spend more family
hours in the malls, hence enhancing their competitive advantage. AEON also is able to offer a
variety of attractively priced local foods and popular Japanese foods

History Of Showtime Events Pty Ltd
Introduction ShowTime events Pty Ltd is a small to medium enterprise that has grown rapidly over
the past 12 months. They have demanded a full investigation on their workplace management
systems. ShowTime events have subsequently outgrown some of their information management
practices, total system managements have identified four areas that need attention. These four areas
are: The organisation has a number of branches and each branch is individually responsible for its
own marketing, clients and accounts. However, information is transferred from branch to branch
when similar events are organised. One branch has recently moved to a bigger building to obtain
more space for storage of files. Staff have been accessing files through the use of other staff's
computers. To save other employees from having to log on. ShowTime Events frequently have a
large volume of mail–outs of advertising material. The overflow of work is completed by engaging
temporary staff, often inexperienced, from a local employment agency. One temporary employee
recently deleted, by accident, an important document from the computer. The changeover to a new
version of a software package last year resulted in the loss of a number of files on the computer hard
drive. These files are irrecoverable. Accountability and Management Accountability is a set of
regulation that the community, individual's and organisations are responsible for other employee's
actions, being

Electronic Commerce: Formal Requirements in Commercial...
Law Commission ELECTRONIC COMMERCE: FORMAL REQUIREMENTS IN
COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS ADVICE FROM THE LAW COMMISSION December 2001
The Law Commission was set up by the Law Commissions Act 1965 for the purpose of promoting
the reform of the law. The Law Commissioners are: The Honourable Mr Justice Carnwath CVO,
Chairman Professor Hugh Beale Mr Stuart Bridge Professor Martin Partington Judge Alan Wilkie,
QC The Secretary of the Law Commission is Mr Michael Sayers and its offices are at Conquest
House, 37–38 John Street, Theobalds Road, London WC1N 2BQ. The terms of this paper were
agreed on 3 December 2001. The text of this paper is available on the Internet at:
http://www.lawcom.gov.uk © Crown copyright 2001 ELECTRONIC ... Show more content on
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THE SCOPE OF THIS ADVICE 1.8 This Advice focuses on the international sale and carriage of
goods and the 1 associated banking and insurance transactions. In Part 2 we summarise the approach
taken in the UNCITRAL Model Laws on Electronic Commerce and on Electronic Signatures. Part 3
deals in general terms with statutory form requirements, their application to electronic
communications, the UK's obligations under Article 9 of the Electronic Commerce Directive and the
making of orders under section 8 of the ECA. Part 4 deals with the carriage of goods by sea and, in
particular, the extent to which a bill of lading has, or may in future have, an electronic equivalent.
Issues arising in relation to the sale of goods are dealt with in Part 5. Carriage of goods by road, rail
and air are covered in Part 6. Part 7 deals with marine insurance, with factoring being dealt with in
Part 8. Part 9 then considers the most common payment mechanisms used in the international sale of
goods. Our conclusions are summarised in Part 10. This Advice contains a summary of our views,
derived from our detailed consideration of the issues. We have set out our views in summary form to
enable those views to be considered by Government before it concludes the work which it is
currently undertaking in relation to Article 9 and section

The Museum Of Fine Arts
The artwork is one of the main ways to express the culture of a region or a country. Therefore, art
has played a very important role throughout history. When talking about art, the first thing that
comes to most people's minds is probably that art is a painting or it is a sculpture. However, art has
many forms of expression, and it closely connects to human's daily life. Besides paintings and
sculptures, art is everywhere around us. I am always interested in how people have linked art with
daily life throughout history. For this reason, the two pieces of artwork I chose from my visit to the
Museum of Fine Arts are both objects that can be used in everyday life: one is the mixing bowl and
the other is an incense burner. Though they are from different cultures, have different making
processes, and have a different purpose in usage, they both are good examples to show how artists
tried to apply art using different techniques to human's daily life. The first vessel is a ceramic
mixing bowl (column–krater), which is about 20 inches in height. The handles on each side of the
vessel connect the rim of the vessel to its shoulder and serve as supportive items. Since the vessel is
a bowl used for mixing wine and water, these columns also make it easier for people to hold it in
carrying and wine pouring. The decoration of the vessel is left in the red clay color and the
background is painted black due to the red–figure technique used in the firing process. The figures,
such as the

Electronic Data Interchange Essay
This guide is intended to provide you with the tools and resources you will need in order to
familiarize yourself with important facts. As a new employee, you will find it an exciting place to
work, with many professional development opportunities to help you refine your skills, expand your
knowledge, and build your career.
As a new employee, you will have many questions regarding policies and procedures with
understanding all the major elements to Electronic Data Interchange. This guide will help you learn
how to move about the system.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) which is a communication method that provides standards for
exchanging data via any electronic means. Specifically, to a family of standards and can be defined
as the transfer of structured data, agreed message standards, from one computer system to another
without human intervention.
ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The electronic claims movement began with the Administrative Simplification Compliance Act, that
required the use of electronic claims for providers to receive Medicare reimbursement.
The relationship between EHR and reimbursement is that Electronic Health Record system is
mainly a computerized physician and generally recognizes a large variety of health information
technology. Without EHR and HIE which are the most crucial components of the healthcare system
the other communicating technologies have no method.
The difference between HIPAA and EDI transactions are used for billing information, counter
information or both, but they are not used for retail pharmacy claims. EDI can also be used to
transmit healthcare claims and can be used by employers, union, government agencies, to enroll
members to a

Case Study Of Camelot
Camelot is an ice cream company. It makes high quality packs of ice creams and distributes mostly
to quality restaurants and hotels. Camelot faces problems in terms of restricted requirement issues
regarding the expiry date, deep–freeze depots, warehouses, stakeholders like salespeople, truck
drivers and clerks. The salesperson returns expired packs already returned once, on behalf of unreal
customers and get the refund cheque. Overselling is one of the reasons causing losses to Camelot.
Delivering excessive quantities to customers, then collecting the returns takes a lot of costs. The
salespeople should be equipped with a system which can report the customers' demands. Moreover,
every year Camelot has to pay a lot of money for advertising bills, which could be reduced by
defining the market better. Lack of survey and understanding about the customers, reduces the
efficiency of salesperson. Furthermore, keeping stock is a very critical issue for Camelot.
Sometimes a part of warehouse can be shut down to save costs. Storing so many inventories is not a
good way because of the expired duration of this particular product. Customer is the core of any
business. Camelot promotes this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They re EDI and RFID. Both of them have their own pros and cons. EDI is an outdated system, asks
for workforce involved, scan products physically one–by–one, but costs cheaper than RFID. RFID is
a sophisticated, automatic, and sufficient system. But it is more expensive than EDI because of its
efficiency in operation. Nevertheless, for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) like Camelot, it
should adopt EDI systems first to save costs, then when its business is able to afford more, it can
deliver implementation of RFID. Moreover, EDI is compatible with the current Barcode systems.
Later on, if Camelot wants to implement RFID, it would be fine, because RFID & EDI are
combinable (Ann Grackin, Feb

Mastercard Analysis : Mastercard Inc.
MasterCard Incorporated is one of the world's premier credit card processing and money transfer
companies in the world. It is the second major payment company in the United States. They focus
on making payment transactions safer and beneficial to the society while delivering value through
their innovation and execution. MasterCard has three main competitors, Visa at the very top,
American Express, and Discover. Visa Inc. has the largest market share of 13.7 percent in the United
States with revenue of $12,702 million in 2014. In the same financial year, MasterCard Inc. has
recorded total revenue of only $9,473 million and 7.3 percent of total market shares. MasterCard's
SWOT analysis revealed its strength of being the world's second ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Competing with international companies is another problem for MasterCard due to different
regulations and laws in other countries and regions. Information technology security is another
pressing issue for Mastercard; it inhibits the company's growth, brand image, and potential
revenues.
The downfall for MasterCard occurred when they conspiring with Visa to drive up fees while also
attempting to monopolize the market. The first solution would be to raise merchants' fees to gain
revenue or work with businesses and banks to come up with a fair and balance fees, and ultimately
improve its technologies to further expand into mobile payment and gain in a potential market. The
second solution for the company is to think twice before they act; every decision MasterCard Inc.
makes is not guaranteed to be legal and ethical which will result in lawsuits against the company.
The third solution will be the most costly in that they continue to bend the rules and make unethical
decisions, in hopes of not being exposed and pay attorney in the aftermath. Having completed a
thorough contextual analysis on MasterCard Inc., it would be in their best interests to maintain high
ethical standards to avoid lawsuits and quit conspiring with Visa Inc.
Situation Analysis MasterCard Incorporated is one of the world's premier credit card processing and

Impact of E-Commerce on Logistics and Transports
April 4th 2012
E–Commerce
Assignment topic:
Impact of E–commerce on transport and logistics
Table of content
1. Introduction 3 2. E–commerce and business 4 A. B2C E–commerce 4 B. B2B E–commerce 5 C.
Evolution and forecast of E–commerce 5 3. Impacts on the supply chain 6 A. Problem raised by E–
commerce 6 i. Demand 6 ii. Stocks 6 iii. Communication 6 B. Reaction and adaptation of companies
7 i. Information interchange 7 ii. Pure players 7 iii. Click and mortars 8 4. Upstream Logistics 9 A.
Order reception and preparation 9 B. Transport and traceability 10 5. Conclusion 11
1. Introduction
Since 2000 a lot of factors have changed the face of logistics in companies. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The raise of e–commerce these last years, boosted the e–logistics, which is a new form of logistics
that is a globally integrated process requiring performing information systems.
The B2C sector of e–commerce is then a real evolution and is characterized by several points:
– The handling of returns requires adapted network and is a key in insuring clients fidelity
– The volumes transported are reduced.
– Performance of distribution network is an absolute requirement.
E–commerce imposes then a logistics, an after sale service, and a performing information system.
Indeed the constraints related to the amount of available references internal or external have
accentuated the importance of the information given to the client given the lack of direct contact
with the customer.
Companies used to handle large volume quantities and they must now face large number of small
volume quantities, therefore adapting their delivery modes.
The marketing aspects are very important in the analysis of the logistics consequences, allowing

avoiding, as much as possible, return flows of merchandise. Direct sales in a shop allow testing
where as Internet purchases must grant a retraction period (7 days in France).
The last kilometer is a cost issue and we will come back to this point later on, meanwhile companies
have put into place networks of "relay" points in each city allowing clients to pick up their products
or to return them through this partners
B.

Information Technology Impact on the Purchasing Department
CONTENT
1. Introduction.............................................................................Page3
2. Information Technology and Purchasing..........................................Page 3
3. E–purchasing...........................................................................Page 4
3.1. E–sourcing............................................................................Page 5
3.2. E–procurement........................................................................Page6
3.3. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)................................................Page 7
4. Examples................................................................................Page 7
4.1. Slow implementation..............................................................Page 7
4.2. Fast Implementations..............................................................Page 8
5. Conclusion....................................................................................Page 9
Bibliography...................................................................................Page 10
The purpose of this paper is to discuss of the various ways in which information technology has
changed the purchasing department, in particular how the Internet ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is a necessary ingredient in the completion of business agreements.
The Computer Purchasing Systems in practice may be used for, stock control and requisition,
purchase order placing, expediting, goods receipt, reporting, transaction processing, data capturing
and to allocate stock (barcode system).
3. E–purchasing
E–purchasing creates value for organization by reducing cost of goods and services, giving higher
productivity and reducing processing cost and gives better information and better planning. The e–
purchasing can be split in two parts, the e–sourcing and e–procurement as illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1
3.1 E–sourcing (strategic direction) using the Internet and it covers the elements of buying process
which are:
– knowledge specification
– request for quotation, e–auction, e–tenders
– evaluation – negotiation
E–sourcing system should enable the sourcing team to:
– analyze and model complex decisions in real time
– automate the management to contract amendments and renewal
– collaborate with suppliers

– provide real time information
E–sourcing use the internet to make decisions regarding how and where services or products are
obtained. E–marketplaces play an important role in this activity, since the price and availability of
products from multiple suppliers can be checked from a single point. Another benefit for E–
marketplaces in terms of product sourcing is that not only they provide detailed product information
from existing suppliers, they

The Four Types Of E-Commerce
Introduction Technological advancements have taken the world by storm. The daily chronicles have
a different story to tell with every dawn of a new day about a technological invention and/or
innovation. Doing business has become competitive more than ever. This phenomenon has created a
business environment that follows the cliché, the survival of the fittest. It is in this spirit that
businesses have adopted technology to survive and remain relevant in the dynamic consumer
environment. This is especially so because the world has become a global village where
information, ideas and products flow between different continents have become seamless. The
internet has made it easier and cheap for manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers to ... Show more
E– Commerce has evolved tremendously from online billboards to a personalized shopping
experience. Types of e–commerce There are three categories of e–commerce depending on the
buyer–seller relationship. Business to consumer (B2C): this involves the seller who is the business
organization and the buyer being the consumer. In this model, the business organization s the
information source while the customer is the information seeker. Business to business (B2B): this
model involves business transactions involving two or more businesses. In this case, both businesses
must provide a means of exchanging business documents. The major aspects include electronic
funds transfer, electronic payment fulfillment and electronic racking of transactions. Business to
government (B2G): this model involves the government agencies or departments and the business
organization. The operation in this model is the same as that of B2B or B2C. Advantages of e–
commerce To consumers Easier accessibility Consumers are also able to compare between different
products on a global platform efficiently. With digital goods such as software, consumers can order
and receive the product instantly. No geographical limitation To business organizations Elimination
of geographical limitation Increased sales since there is a large pool of customers Decreased
transaction and operating costs Limitations of e–commerce To consumers Customers cannot inspect
the

Impact Of Digital Media On E-Commerce
In the contemporary society, the use of e–commerce has gained much popularity among many
nations globally. This has been enhanced by the use of digital media which, has to a large extent
boosted the way such activities are carried out. E–commerce is the transaction by which individuals
do the act of buying and selling of products and services through online platforms. This paper,
therefore, sheds light on how digital media have influenced the field of e–commerce in the US,
France, and German.
Electronic commerce has been there for a long time now, and it is a practice that is practiced by
peoples from Germany, France, and the US on a daily basis. Since its inception around 40 years ago,
e–commerce has continued to grow as innovations, technologies and a lot of business reverting to
the use of the e–commerce. The aspect of buying and selling of goods in the early 1960s was
sluggish with the traditional way of mailing of documents being replaced with the Electronic Data
Interchange (EDI), which would later pave a way to the electronic commerce. After the e–
commerce, however, the practice was not more reliable as it still had many challenges (Tsolis,
2009). For instance, it was not easy for buyers to see products from the comfort of their homes and
more so, the methods of accessing the information were limited.
Digital media has had much influence on the field of e–commerce in today's business environment
in the US. Initially, it was not easy for individuals to buy products

Evaluation Of Integration Technologies For The Healthcare...
Evaluation of integration technologies
In an attempt to provide a clear perspective of the available technological approaches that can be
implemented in the healthcare supply chain, this section discusses the overall advantages and
disadvantages of each integration technology, in particular, message– and object–oriented
technologies.
Electronic data interchange
For many years, EDIFACT has been the most widely used protocol for EDI messages. Many
healthcare organisations, as well as businesses in other industries, have used the EDI approach in
order to exchange specific domain documents towards the elimination of labour–intensive tasks.
Generally speaking, EDI facilitates the application–to–application electronic exchange of
syntactically structured data–oriented documents. However, over the years it has become apparent
that healthcare communication standards, such as EDI messages, fail to effectively establish
requirements for the internal structure and architecture of communicating systems, requiring the
information in any one system to be mapped twice: once into the message standard format by the
contributing system, and once back into the internal representation of the receiving system (Dudeck,
1998).Although the EDI approach achieves integration at the data level, it does not provide process
integration. Thus, it has been characterised by many as a complex technology owing to the daunting
task of the mapping activity. Moreover, it does not provide high flexibility,

System Analysis and Design
System Analysis and Design
Syllabus
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN Module 1: Data and Information (3) Types of information:
operational, tactical, strategic and statutory – why do we need information systems – management
structure – requirements of information at different levels of management – functional allocation of
management – requirements of information for various functions – qualities of information – small
case study. Module 2: Systems Analysis and Design Life Cycle (3) Requirements determination –
requirements specifications – feasibility analysis – final specifications – hardware and software
study – system design – system implementation – system evaluation – system modification. Role of
systems analyst – attributes of a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2.
1 3 1
3.
2. Systems Analysis and Design Life Cycle
4. 5.
0.5 1 3 1
3. Information gathering
4. Feasibility analysis
6. Feasibility analysis, final specifications, hardware and software study, system design, system
implementation, system evaluation, system modification. 7. Role of systems analyst – attributes of a
systems analyst – tools used in system analysis 8. Information gathering, strategies, methods 9. Case
study/documenting study, system requirements specification, from narratives of requirements to
classification of requirements as strategic, tactical, operational and statutory. Example case study 10.
How to formulate project goals and quantify them 11. Examining alternative solutions and
evaluating proposed solutions a) Technical feasibility b) Operational feasibility c) Economic

feasibility 12. Cost benefit analysis, Documenting feasibility report 13. Developing Data Flow
Diagrams (DFD) a) What are DFDs? b) Symbols used in DFD c) Rules of data flow d) Good style

‘ Bull-Whip Effect. Causes & Impact. How Can Improved It...
Bullwhip Effect Causes and Impact. How Can Improved IT Support Reduce Bullwhip Effect
Dnyanesh Sarang
Table of Contents
1 Introduction 2
2 Supply Chain & Bullwhip Effect 2
3 Causes of Bullwhip effect 4
3.1 Demand Forecast Updating 4
3.2 Order Batching 5
3.3 Price Fluctuation 5
3.4 Rationing and shortage gaming 5
4 Impact of Bullwhip Effect 6
4.1 Manufacturing Cost 6
4.2 Inventory Cost 6
4.3 Replenishment Lead Time 6
4.4 Transportation Cost 6
4.5 Level of Product Aavailability 6
4.3 Profitabilityy 7
5 How can improved IT reduce Bullwhip effect 7
5.1 Sharing Point of Sales Data(POS) 8
5.2 Implementing Collaborative Forecasting & Planning (EDI & CAO) ........... 9
5.3 Designing Single Stage Control of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The amplification in order variation may cause irrational decision making.(LPW 1997). The
variation in demand between different stages in supply chain while moving upside. These variations
called as 'Bullwhip Effect'. They also called as 'Whip–Saw' or 'Whip–lash' It causes dramatic effect
on firm resulting in excessive inventory, poor product forecasts, insufficient or excessive capacities,
poor customer service due to unavailable products or long backlogs, uncertain production planning
and high cost correction like high shipments.(LPW 1997). There is no bullwhip effect in ideal
supply chain where as its assumed that supply is stationary, fix lead time, constant purchase cost

overtime, no fixed cost of ordering, and forecasting is not based on past demand.( LPW 1997)
[pic]
Fig.2 Order pattern at each stage in suuply chain in case Bullwhip Effect. Sourse: Johnson & Pike,
1999
[pic]
Fig 3 The bullwhip effect–where slight discrepancies between channel demand and real demand can
cause ever–larger ripples as they travel back through the supply chain–can be a powerful rallying
cry for creating a more flexible and accurate supply chain through economic information sharing.
Courtsy R. Douglas Derrick, March 2003.
3. Causes of Bullwhip Effect:
LPW 1997 summarizes major causes of bullwhip effect. This always help firm to take decision and
plan strategy to get rid of it.

Car Crash While Smoking Short Story Summary
The story "Car Crash while Hitchhiking" seems like a story about a man who hallucinates while on
drugs, but it has a far deeper meaning. The narrator is reliving a personal experience in his head. The
car crash that he is in reminds him of his family who died in a tragic accident. This analysis will
show this by using examples of the setting, emotion, memory, and "medicine".
The majority of this story happened in the past which is what makes it memory–like. The setting of
this story changes as time progresses; he travels from state to state, car to car. The only thing that
remains constant is the weather. Weather is used throughout the story and plays a significant role in
making this a memory. He mentions rains throughout the story; "I rose up sopping wet from
sleeping under the pouring rain"(pg 3) "The downpour raked the asphalt and gurgled in the ruts"(pg
3) "Then, in the dark, I didn't see the storm gathering"(pg 5) ".....just as it began to rain"(pg 5) "the
family....splashed along through the rain"(pg 6). He even compares blood to rain, "human blood
flew around the car and rained down on my head"(pg 6). This weather could be seen literally as rain
or as insight as to what the narrator is feeling. Rain often depicts emotion as dreary, sad, and
depressing. This weather in the story helps to set the mood and show what the character is feeling
inside.
The location in the story is always changing. He is a hitchhiker so he travels car–to–car. Two
locations in the story

The Legion Of Honor By John Baptiste Oudry
When at the Legion of Honor, we as a group came across a painting known as "The Pâté" which was
completed by French artist John Baptiste Oudry in 1743. Some quick dimensions of the painting
include, 69 3/4 x 49 (177.2 x 124.5 cm) being a rather average size painting in that century in that
geographical location. The artist John Baptiste Oudry was a well known Rococo painter, tapestry
designer as well as illustrator. Most of his praised work was centered around hunted game or
animals in well forested landscapes. He attended the French Royal academy and towards the later
end of his life was made head of the Beauvais tapestry. The painting which is a trompe–l 'œil, which
literally translates to "fools the eye" was made during a time of economic and cultural prosperity in
France and most parts of Europe. Under the reign of Louis XV we see acquisition of new land by
France and relative economic strength at the populous level. This is also a times of artistic prosperity
and freedom with the vast amount of academies and schools available to the population (nominally
the rich, educated, particularly skilled). However, the only evidence of societal influence we see in
this art piece is the French Royal insignia, on the mixing bowl that symbolizes French society and
strength This particular painting called to me because of the extensive detail in the game that is
hanging but also the extra steps that were taken to give you the sensation of being in that room as
well as being in that

E-Commerce Essay
The world largest computer network is the internet. With the astonishing growth of the Internet
nowadays, many companies are finding new ways to expand their business opportunities. One can
even say that there¡¯re almost all companies used computers in their everyday business. Thus, E–
commerce is emerging as an increasingly important way for businesses to reach potential customers.
Introduction
What exactly is e–commerce? Most casual internet users think that e–commerce is just buying and
selling online. Yet this is not the case. Simply put, e–commerce is the electronic exchange of
business information between two or more organizations. There are e–commerce conducted between
businesses and those that carried out between a business and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This also allows for you to update marketing and promotional materials as often and as frequently as
you would like. With increased speeds of communication, the delivery time is expedited and that
makes the whole transaction from start to finish more efficient.
The second advantage of the electronic commerce is the opportunity to cut costs. By using the
Internet, marketing, distribution, personnel, phone, postage and printing costs, among many others,
can be reduced. Companies could use the internet to search for lowest price materials for their
products. With the extra funding from cutting cost, the company could maximize their advertising
and marketing strategies. ¡°Online advertising has been growing steadily since early 2003 and is on
track to surpass the $10 billion annual spending level for the first time in history. Research firm
eMarketer predicts that more than $12 billion will be spent this year, double 2004 levels. By 2009,
that's expected to reach $22 billion.¡± (Keith Regan, E–Commerce Times)
The internet was also known as no boundaries. Compare to a physical store, you can start doing
business in the cyberspace with low models. Unlike a physical store, you could do your business
over the world with only a few computers. To maximize profits, companies could distribute
newsletters and enhance customer services over the internet. With good customer services,

Procter & Gamble : Competitive Advantage
Procter & Gamble is one of the largest manufacturing firms in the world, providing a wide variety of
different products for over 50 internationally leading brands. On top of this, they are a prime
example of a company that is able to both successfully innovate and implement change in order to
gain a meaningful and sustainable competitive advantage. In addition, Procter & Gamble 's
innovations have an impact on not just the firm, but the entire distribution channel. Their primary
strategy in the design process has been to maximize the value provided to the customer by
eliminating all of the activities that do not contribute any value to the end product and user
experience. To achieve the goal of maximized value, Procter & Gamble realized ... Show more
To combat these problems, Procter & Gamble proposed a new replenishment process in which the
retailer keeps inventory in their distribution warehouse, provides daily data to Procter & Gamble
about warehouse orders received from the stores, and then Procter & Gamble determines warehouse
replenishment volumes needed. This process, presented in Figure 1, became known as the
continuous replenishment program (CRP), and enabled lower retail pricing through decreased
product acquisition costs and truckload volume purchases.
Figure 1. CRP Structure
Another key decision made by Procter & Gamble in regards to the distribution channel was a project
to revise the ordering and billing system to improve the quality of ordering and service for
customers. Procter & Gamble decided to move away from the inefficient and ineffective batch
processing system and developed an ordering, shipping, and billing system that integrated all the
systems involved in servicing channel customers. Integrating functions like pricing, ordering,
shipping, invoicing, and credit systems improved consistency and service levels for Procter &
Gamble.
Another piece of the revised system involved revising pricing policies and practices that were too
complex. The objective was to improve customer loyalty. The need for this was made apparent by
the increasing concern that the value of

Ebay Case Study E-Commerce
eBay Case Study E–commerce eBay Strategy Case Study prepared for E–business, Internet
Marketing and E–commerce lecturers and students. Last update, March 2009. Case Study: eBay
thrives in the global marketplace I recommend students researching eBay checkout the latest eBay
statistics and business strategies from their SEC filings. The annual filings give a great summary of
eBay business and revenue models. Alternatively filings are included in the eBay press releases
which also have info on new company acquisitions. SEC is the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) which is a government agency for which companies have to submit an open
evaluation of their business models and marketplace conditions. eBay also have a summary of ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In January 2008, "eBay announced significant changes to it¶s Marketplaces
business":http://investor.ebay.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=290446 in three major areas: fee
structure, seller inc entives and standards, and feedback. These changes have been controversial
with some sellers, but are aimed at improving the quality of experience. Detailed Seller Ratings
(DSRs) enable sellers to be reviewed in four areas: (1) item as described, (2) communication, (3)
delivery time, and (4) postage and packaging charges. This is part of a move to help increase
conversion rate by increasing positive shopping experiences. Powersellers with positive DSRs will
be featured more favourably in the search results pages and will gain additional discounts. eBay
Competition Although there are now few direct competitors of

Sport Obermeyer, Ltd.
Introduction Sport Obermeyer, Ltd. presents a successful ski apparel company that is addressing
logistics–related decisions that face many businesses today. Sport Obermeyer, founded in 1947 by
Klaus Obermeyer, has continued to lead the ski apparel industry since that time through continuous
product innovation and fashion–forward styles. Recently, the company has faced increased
competition from other winter apparel makers, namely Columbia Sportswear. Exhibit 1 presents a
SWOT analysis of Sport Obermeyer, and identifies core competencies and limitations of the firm.
The company's Buying Committee bases quantity–ordering decisions on average sales forecasts
generated by a number of internal parties. Techniques like this, as well as using a ... Show more
Next, Obermeyer should implement design–for–supply principles, namely commonality and
standardization. By using greige material, the company already does a solid job at postponement,
delaying the step in the supply chain at which product differentiation occurs. Regardless, Obermeyer
continues to use too many varieties of YKK zippers, buttons, logo patches, and imported snaps from
Germany. Limiting the variety of these items by using the same zippers and snaps on multiple
products, for example, would create less of a logistical hassle in terms of obtaining those items. It
would also cut down costs due to resulting economies of scale, and make the supply chain more
adaptive overall. In the long–term, business strategy meets strategic supply chain planning as more
consumers buy and become familiar with the Sport Obermeyer brand, and the company itself
achieves enhanced profitability.
Recommendation 2: Manufacture Fewer Sample Products
Second, the company should manufacture fewer sample products. Currently, Sport Obermeyer
incurs great expense in producing samples of each of its products once their design and prototyping
has been finalized. Historically, these samples have been taken to trade conferences and retail stores
where Sport Obermeyer salespeople display them to prospective wholesale buyers with the goal of
obtaining an order for goods. The issue here is that the company spends too much time and money
getting sets of samples put together. Alternatively, the

How Technology Can Help Run Business Practices
In a world where pay phones have become nearly obsolete, the US Postal Service continues to
debate cutting back on mail delivery, stocks can be traded through an app on a cell phone and web
retailers such as Amazon.com can have nearly any product delivered tomorrow morning, technology
continues to change the world we live in. This essay will serve to outline and demonstrate by
examples how IT efforts have created ways to run, grow and even transform business practices as
we have known them.
How IT helps to run business
Information technology continues to improve the ways businesses are run. Some IT efforts, such as
simply maintaining a consistently operational email system, are taken for granted and often not even
an afterthought when ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through smartphones, employees can remain connected to the business 24/7. In this way, the
business workday doesn't have to pause for lunch and rarely ends at five o'clock.
Beyond email, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) tools such as SAP, Microsoft Dynamics and
others have further integrated processes within business to improve efficiencies and workflow
between different business segments. These tools allow businesses the ability to manage the
business in its entirety. These systems collect data from business disciplines including supply chain,
sales, accounting, operations and human relations. That data is then analyzed and the organization
can gain insight as to how to improve their processes and increase efficiencies and productivity.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) now makes it possible for B2B customers to submit purchase
orders for product with vendors which are seamlessly translated into sales orders at the vendor level
triggering the product flow system automatically. Once the product is shipped out to the customer or
the service is performed, invoicing can be completed and sent automatically. This reduces the
human involvement and speeds up the processes.
Information technology efforts in these areas have improved the way businesses are run. The day to
day operations of business disciplines have been improved by the efforts of IT personnel and the
developments of information technology as a science. The

Reflection Paper
Life changing... it is a word that I sometimes think about, but never truly understood its' meaning,
until the summer of 2017. During church one morning my pastor was standing up on the stage in
front of the congregation giving the announcements for the week. The final announcement was
regarding a summer mission trip for high school students. The students would go to Reynosa,
Mexico where there is a children's home that my church serves at every year. I had never been on a
mission trip and had never experienced anything like it before, so I decided that I would go on what
could be a life–changing trip.
One month later, I was throwing my suitcase into the back of the old and rusted white van, because
the other van had already been filled up. I had no idea how the van was even allowed to be on the
road anymore because there was rust on the bottom edge of every body panel and door. When I
climbed inside to get into my seat my foot went straight through the thin metal that had been
disintegrated by the rust. I thought to myself that if we were in a crash on this trip, then I would
probably die in this rusted heap of metal. An hour later, we started our long fourteen hour journey to
southern Texas where we would spend the night in a hotel before crossing the border the next
morning.
By this time, we were hours into the trip, laughing and joking together, then in an instant, every
single person in the van, including myself, were transfixed on the concrete barrier that was

The Museum Of Fine Arts
Artwork is one of the main ways to express the culture of a region or a country. Therefore, art has
played a very important role throughout history. When talking about art, the first thing that comes to
most people's mind is probably that art is a painting or it is a sculpture. However, art has many
forms of expression, and it closely connects to human's daily life. Besides paintings and sculptures,
art is everywhere around us. I am always interested in how people have linked art with daily life
throughout history. For this reason, the two pieces of artwork I chose from my visit to the Museum
of Fine Arts are both objects that can be used in everyday life: one is the mixing bowl and the other
a incense burner. Though they are from different cultures, have different making processes, and have
different purpose in usage, they both are good examples to show how artists tried to apply art using
different techniques to human's daily life. The first vessel is a ceramic mixing bowl (column–krater),
which is about 20 inches in height. The handles on each side of the vessel connect the rim of the
vessel to its shoulder and serve as supportive items. Since the vessel is a bowl used for mixing wine
and water, these columns also make it easier for people to hold it in carrying and wine pouring. The
decoration of the vessel is left in the red clay color and the background is painted black due to the
red–figure technique used in the firing process. The figures, such as the boars and

Spin Masters Toys Case Write-Up Essay
MG 640
Spin Master Toys (A): Finding A Manufacturer for E–Chargers
1.) Executive Summary: Spin Master Toys core competencies are marketing and bringing creative
toys to market. Alex Perez should choose Wah Shing and utilize their core competencies of
manufacturing electronic toys. Electronic components can be difficult to acquire therefore Wah
Shing's relationships with suppliers will be beneficial. Speed to market is key, therefore Wah Shing
has the best capabilities to meet Spin Master delivery commits Building long–term supplier
relationship with Wah Shing is imperative if Spin Masters decides to stay in the electronic toy
industry.
2.) My assessment of the process Spin Masters has used to get ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
I am faced with stringent time constraints and therefore I cannot risk any possible supply
disruptions. As for Wah Shing they have developed good supplier relationships with electrical
component suppliers. This is crucial as the components used in E–Chargers are not always readily
available. Wah Shing has minimal financial risk, competitive pricing and more knowledge of the
componentry that E–Chargers entail. Wah Shing has produced other complex electronic toys and
therefore would have the processes and technological capabilities to produce an E–Charger within
the stringent tolerances. It would be hard for me to change Wai Lung's core competencies of die–
casting and plastic toys. I do not think with the time I'm allotted I would be able to overcome the
knowledge gap they have for electronic toys. Wah Shing's engineers have the ability to closely
monitor the production of E–Chargers and correct any problems that may arise in the manufacturing
process. It is imperative to have engineers readily available who can help prevent any potential work
stoppages as Spin Masters does not have a lot of time to get E–Charges to market. Lastly, after
careful consideration I noticed Hasbro does have relationships with both Wai Lung and Wah Shing.
Hasbro has contracted less complex toys to Wai Lung as that's their core business and more complex
electronic toys to Wah Shing. This has

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