Differences Between Operating Systems And Software And...

Differences Between Operating Systems And Software And...
CONTENTS Abstract1 Discussion:1 Comparison:2 Modularity and user privileges:2 Automated Functions and interoperability:2 Open–Source and
Transparency:3 Security through variety:3 Conclusion:4 References4 ABSTRACT The comparison between operating systems is a very broad topic
and this has been a long running debate within the computer industry. Microsoft has been a runaway success in the retail realm with large sales
throughout the different iterations of Windows. Similarly Linux has a successful run and it is still being considered one of the most prominent open
source operating systems and it is being used widely and on a wide range of devices and has penetration in server and embedded systems markets etc.
Apple iOS is an... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In fact, in 2014 it is OS X that was found to be riddled with the greatest number of security problems –– 147 in total, including 64 rated as high severity,
and 67 as medium. Also from the Apple stables, iOS did not fare all that much better: 127 vulnerabilities including 32 high and 72 with a medium
rating (Wilson, 2015). Linux comes third in the list with 119 vulnerabilities. Windows does surprisingly well with just 36 vulnerabilities. We will
briefly discuss the contrasting security models. COMPARISON: The security models of these operating systems can be compared by using the
parameters such as modularity, user privileges, transparency, automation, and other features such as security by variety. MODULARITY AND USER
PRIVILEGES: Windows–based operating systems had to deal with a number of security flaws and vulnerabilities over its lifetime because secure
computing was least on their agenda. The security for Windows was designed with reference to the TCSEC orange book and it is a reasonably secure
design. Also the most important difference in privileges is the usage of administrative account which has access to the registry and such and any
compromise with these credentials and it can affect the entire registry. Linux user accounts do not usually have root access and hence the damage is
limited. Also Linux minimizes the attack surface by just having one kernel. Users on Linux have the option of modifying the kernel and OS if needed,
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Essay about ISS 418 Lab 7 and 8
Lab Assessment Questions & Answers
1.What is the command to view the current Linux Kernel parameters?
The command that will allow you to see the Kernel parameters is sysctl –a.
2.What command can you run to list all the kernels available parameters one screen at a time with the ability to move forward and backwards on the
output?
The command that would you to do accomplish this would be the less /proc/modules
3.What is the purpose of enabling syncookies in the Linux Kernel?
The purpose of enabling syncookies in the Linux Kernel is to help prevent a type of DoS attack by dropping connection which can lead to additional
SYN messages.
4.When you want to enable a Linux Kernel command and enable it immediately without a physical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What would you enable to set the Kernel to debug mode? Why would someone choose to enable this?
Depending on what an administer was attempting to troubleshoot would determine what you would enable to turn on debugging. If a person was trying
to troubleshoot CUPS they would enable CUPS and make the changes in the /var/log/debug file.
9.What is the relation between sysctl.conf and the sysctl command?
The sysctl command is used to modify kernel parameters at runtime. /etc/sysctl.conf is a text file containing sysctl values to be read in and set by sysct
at boot time
10.If you wanted to modify a kernel parameter without editing the sysctl.conf file would it be possible? If yes, please give the example.
Yes you can edit the Kernel parameters with out editing the sysctl.conf file by using the sysctl command. Sysctl –n Suppress printing of the field name,
only output the field value.
Part #2
Implement Best Practices for Secure Software Management
Learning Objectives and Outcomes
Upon completing this lab, students will learn about the following tasks:

Recommend security settings after discovering all installed packages in the kernel to help evaluate the security measures that are necessary
Configure the RPM database to add repositories securely for the distribution of software to persons that do not need access to the system directly, only
to download any updates or RPMs
Verify a source tar

Questions On Using Carets Admin Reports Tool
5.1.1.8.SME Report Page It will display the details of selected Governed Project. The details are: Project Name SME Alias Name List of members
associated with that project. By clicking on a member's name, it will redirect to Governed Project Members Details Page. 5.1.1.9.Governed Project
Members Details Page By clicking on a member's name on SME Report Page, it will redirect to Governed Project Members Details Page. It will
display the following details: Member's Name Employee Number User ID Nickname Title Department Name Division Name Work City Work
Country Work Number 5.1.1.10.Help Page Help Page will contain where user can find tips and tutorial on using CARETS Admin Reports Tool. It has
the following help links: Overview – It gives the overall summary of the tool and the modules provided in the tool. Browser Requirement – It gives
information about the browsers in which this tool is supported. Common Elements – It gives the information about Navigation throughout the tool,
how to run the search queries, the datasets, how to download dataset into Excel Sheet and PDF Format. Home – It gives information about the details
available on Home Page SME Report – Governed Projects – It displays the tips and tutorials about working on SME Report Module. DE–Manager
Change – It displays the tips and tutorials about working on DE–Manager Change Module. Deactivated Components – It displays the tips and tutorials
about working on Deactivated

Microsoft Abandoned Support For Windows Xp
Introduction The current HACKD, LLC. Windows XP workstations are a critical security vulnerability for the company because of the fact that
Microsoft abandoned support for the aging operating system over a year ago hence security patches are no longer available. In addition, patches
designed to fix flaws in the operating system as they are discovered, and hardware manufacturer driver support for Windows XP has also been
discontinued with few exceptions, adding additional, costly IT administrative burden in order to source older hardware for maintenance and keep the
Windows XP systems running effectively. Taking these facts into consideration, it is readily apparent that the company must migrate from Windows
XP to a current and supported... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, considering the maintenance costs as mentioned above that are associated with older hardware and the longevity requirement, the company
will ultimately save the cost of additional maintenance time, down time, inevitable unplanned migrations old workstation hardware platforms one at a
time when complete failure occurs, and the cost incurred with business downtime, by upgrading workstation and laptop hardware during operating
system migration to the same desktop and laptop hardware platforms currently in use by the Windows 7 workstations. By using hardware identical to
the Windows 7 systems, the company will save through economies of scale, and much more efficient IT administration and maintenance. Windows
XP to SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop Migration One of the reasons for choosing the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop as the replacement for
Windows XP is that the entire migration process is much less time consuming and complex than with other Linux workstation operating systems due
to the YaST2 tool that is included with the SUSE operating system. So the strategy for migrating each system includes a full backup of all user data
on each Windows XP system to one of the company network file servers. Next, the network administrators need to ensure that the primary DNS server
is also a Domain Controller (which is simple to accomplish by ensuring that Active Directory Integrated Zone DNS is enabled so that all Domain
Controllers can provide DNS

Nt1330 Unit 1 Assignment
Organizations with Liux OS as their server platform might use all of these as their primary nework services.
DNS (Domain Name System) : used to translate the internet protocol services. Stand–alone daemon run by script named.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol): Stand alone network service used to assign the ip address and other related configuration automatically.
FTP (File transfer protocol): Very secure file transfer protocol for Linux.
NFS (Network File System): File server for UNIX system.
SAMBA : Samba service is necessary to share files between Linux and Windows system. Also used to configure domain controller and wins server.
NIS (Network Information System) – Directory service used to create authentication server.
Apache (HTTPD

Mobile Phones, Mobile Phone, Bluetooth, Wireless...
These technologies allows users to handle the home appliances remotely from anywhere and anytime and which is secure. Now a day's almost all
individuals are using android mobile phones and of course, it comes with inbuilt Bluetooth in it. So it reduces the cost and ease of installation. These
Technology advancements have made the implementation of embedded systems within home appliances. Automation of the surrounding environment
leads to decrease their work and allows increasing his work efficiency and comfort. It is the smart way to work, and indirectly we can say that it saves
the power.
Keywords– Android mobile phone, Bluetooth, Electronic Appliances Smart Home.
I.INTRODUCTION
The concept of Home Automation is firstly starts with Cell Phone. Now, the scenario is different and the technology is with Smart Phones. The
terms "Smart Home", "Intelligent Home" followed and has been used to introduce the concept of networking appliances and devices in the house.
Mobile phones today are not just used for calls. Android provides access to a wide range of useful libraries and tools that can be used to build rich
applications. We can see the short description about android as we are using Android phones," ANDROID is produced by Google. It is a Linux
–based
operating system firstly designed for mobile devices such as smart phones and tablet computer utilizing ARM processors. Android is consists of kernel
based on the Linux kernel and application software running on an application

Comparisons and Contrasts of Windows Ce, Windows Xp, and...
Introduction There has been an ongoing battle in recent years within the technology arena between the relative merits of Microsoft 's Windows versus
the open source platforms, Linux being one of them. Typically, discussions center around desktops or servers but an area often overlooked is
embedded systems. Examples of such systems are industrial machines, automobiles, medical equipment, and specialized devices. "With the growing
ubiquity of smart devices, the device arena offers action every bit as intense" (LinuxDevices). Both Windows and Linux offer solutions for specialized
areas that include devices such as PDAs or handhelds, mobile phones, audio/video applications, even robots. Even though Linux has become more
unified under Open... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ability to run DLLs in parallel by storing them in different folders during installs. This eliminates the old "DLL Hell" associated with Windows NT.
Recovery В– With the new System Restore (the ability to define Restore points), a PC can easily roll back any system or application changes without
losing files and other valuable information (Microsoft, 2007a).
XP Pro x64: Windows XP Professional x64 (XP Pro x64) is XP Pro on steroids. XP x64 is "based on Windows Server 2003 and supports AMD 's
AMD64 64–bit extension of the Intel IA–32 architecture" and was released on April 25, 2005 (Wikipedia). One enticing feature of XP Pro x64 is its
huge memory support increase. XP Pro x64 is a 64–bit system rather than the standard 32–bit system of XP Pro. This 64–bit architecture increases
RAM memory limits from 4 gigabytes (GB) to 128 GB and increases virtual memory from 4 GB to 16 terabytes (TB). System cache also makes a
huge jump from 1 GB to 1 TB. On paper, this would mean the ability to accomplish tasks unheard of with 32–bit system, if not for some serious
downsides. In some real–world tests, the promise has not lived up to the hype, at least not yet. In CNET tests, XP Pro x64 had in fact lower bench
tests when compared to XP Pro (32bit). Furthermore, according to users there exist many compatibility issues due to lack of suitable drivers as "older
32–bit drivers and services are not supported by 64–bit

Nt1310 Unit 3
3.1Definition
The main security concern of many organizations nowadays is how to prevent or mitigate the risks coming from portable devices such as tablets,
smartphones and laptops. Each of these devices connecting to the corporate network creates a potential entry point for security threats (which is
called endpoint). Another concern is how to secure the data which resides on portable devices of their employees. This needs to be done in such a
way that even if the device falls into wrong hands, the data should be protected. These two concerns can be resolved with the help of endpoint security.
3.2 Choosing the product
There are many endpoint security products available on the market. After going through them all, we recommend to use Kaspersky endpoint security.
This is because of the services it offers, the reputation of the vendor, and the customer service they provide. It is reported that more than 250,000
customers are using this product worldwide. The service it offers including: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This admin module would let the admin manage policies for multiple platforms such as Windows, Mac and Linux Machine. This security Center would
run security audits, perform software installs and provide vulnerability reports. It also includes patch management which can manage microsoft
updates. These administrative tools are all in one admin console which would help the admin of the panel to perform its task

Linux Securities
Security of a system when you are open to the internet is paramount in the world of servers. Linux has many layers of ever evolving security in order
to keep up with the would be attackers in cyberspace. This is one of the reasons that Linux is one of the most used servers for internet sites and has
few viruses engineered towards it.
IP Tables
Developed by the Netfilter organization the IP tables package for Linux is an evolution of the IP chains which came from the IPv4 Linux firewall
package. Paul Russel was the initial head author of the organization and also behind the IP chains project The Netfilter organization began to come
together in 1999 and through collaboration and research recognized the shortcomings of the IP chains ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Traditionally Linux security has been run using DAC ( Discretionary Access Control ), which is based on users and groups to control which users and
processes can access files and how they do it. This runs into a problem since the owner of a file has control over its permissions which can be less than
ideal. SELinux ( Security–Enhanced Linux ) implements MAC ( Mandatory Access Control ), which is under the direct control of the systems
administrator and is located in the kernel where it can control and enforce security, giving only the permissions needed to processes and users.
In the way of vulnerabilities I could not find much for SELinux, which is a testament to the power of MAC. As secure as it may be, for most home
users this system is a bit complicated and can block services and make it look like a common error, making troubleshooting problematic. I would still
recommend using a firewall in conjunction with SELinux as security is best utilized when it is layered in order to make attacks more difficult.
Linux has a rich history of collaborations between different organizations and input from users worldwide. This has led to a world class piece of
open source software that has proven itself to have both the reliability and security to provide the peace of mind for users and corporations worldwide
to use for day to day operations and

Chrome Os
[Target & Application]{ The Chrome OS is designed to work with only specific hardware produced by Google such as Chromebook. It is created for
user who spend most of the time on the Web. Hence, only a browser, a media player and a file manager are pre–installed together with the Chrome OS.
} [Scheduling]{ Chrome Operating System runs the Linux 3.4.6 kernel which utilizes the Completely Fair Scheduler. This is to ensure fairness by
allowing processes an equal share of the CPU. To do this, the scheduler keeps track of the amount of time each process has had with the CPU using a
virtual runtime. The Completely Fair Scheduler also allows group scheduling. Group scheduling ensures that in situations where tasks spawn... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In rare cases this can cause an application to crash when it attempts to access non–existent memory that was over–committed during a previous,
apparently successful allocation. On other systems such an allocation might fail outright much sooner with an explicit malloc failure return that could
be detected. ================================================================================================== }
[Security]{ ++Safe Browsing++ With Safe Browsing technology enabled in Chrome, if you encounter a website suspected of containing phishing or
malware as you browse the web, you will see a warning page. A phishing attack takes place when someone masquerades as someone else to trick you
into sharing personal or other sensitive information with them, usually through a fake website. Malware, on the other hand, is software installed on
your machine often without your knowledge, and is designed to harm your computer or potentially steal information from your computer.
++Sandboxing++ Chrome Operating System also utilizes Sandboxing to maintain its security. A sandbox provide security by only allowing programs
to run that are not going to alter unauthorized areas of the operating system, machine, or private information. Therefore it helps prevent malware from
installing itself on the computer, or using what happens in one browser tab to affect other tabs. The sandbox adds an

Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer And Windows Server 2012
1. Goal The main idea behind this lab was to relocate the DHCP server and master DNS server to a fresh install of Windows Server 2012. This
would allow control over most of the network with Windows Server 2012 while maintaining a slave DNS server on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
box. A basic install of Active Directory was also implemented, allowing a single client to connect to the bestnet.local domain. Microsoft Baseline
Security Analyzer was also implemented to determine any outlying security risks associated with the WindowsServer 2012. This lab took the
knowledge that I gained from in–class lectures and previous experiences, and allowed me to implement Active Directory, DHCP, and DNS flawlessly
on Windows Server 2012. It helped me to understand how Active Directory and DNS are linked together to tie a domain together and populate that
domain. By playing around in Active Directory, I was able to gain valuable knowledge of how to implement many features and roles directly related to
an Active Directory installation.
2. Procedural and Informational Documentation All information pertaining to my virtual network can be found at the address http://10.0.15.1/wiki or
http://wiki.bestnet.local/wiki/ when inside my infrastructure. It contains all the information needed to understand how I built and configured my
virtual machines, and how I installed and configured each of my servers. It is broken up by specific Operating System installs, so there is are sections for

Linux Security Technology
|Linux Security Technology | |
1. SELinux SELinux, an implementation of Mandatory Access Control (MAC) in the Linux kernel, adds the ability to administratively define policies
on all subjects (processes) and objects (devices, files, and signaled processes). This mechanism is in the Linux kernel, checking for allowed operations
after standard Linux Discretionary Access Controls DAC are checked. Security–Enhanced Linux (SELinux) is a Linux feature that provides a
mechanism for supporting access control security policies, including United States Department of Defense–style mandatory access controls, through the
use of Linux ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
More complex mappings are also possible, involving roles and security levels. A typical policy consists of a mapping (labeling) file, a rule file, and
an interface file, that define the domain transition. These three files must be compiled together with the SELinux tools to produce a single policy
file. The resulting policy file can be loaded into the kernel, making it active. Loading and unloading policies does not require a reboot. The policy
files are either hand written or can be generated from the more user friendly SELinux management tool. They are normally tested in permissive mode
first, where violations are logged but allowed. The audit2allow tool can be used later to produce additional rules that extend the policy to allow all
legitimate activities of the application being confined. The Security–enhanced Linux's new features are designed to enforce the separation of
information based on confidentiality and integrity requirements. They are designed for preventing processes from reading data and programs,
tampering with data and programs, bypassing application security mechanisms, executing untrustworthy programs, or interfering with other processes
in violation of the system security policy. They also help to confine the potential damage that can be caused by malicious or flawed programs. They
should also be useful for enabling a single system to be used by users with differing

The Core Of Android Architecture
It is the core of Android architecture that forms the foundation of Android. Linux kernel includes hardware drivers, power management, memory
management, process management and binder driver, which provides all the fundamental services needed by the system. Although it is called Linux
kernel, it is not a standard Linux kernel; Google has customized it for Android devices. The main difference between them is the binder driver, which is
an Android–specific inter–process communication mechanism that enables one Android process to call a procedure in another Android process.
Another major difference is the ashmem module, which is an Android version of shared memory allocator, similar to Portable Operating System
Interface (POSIX) shm but with a simpler file–based API. And also the Power Manager has been enhanced to save battery, which is critical for
smartphones.
Libraries
On top of Linux kernel are Libraries, which provide services written in native language like C and C++. It contains a long list of middle wares that
include SQLite, WebKit, SSL, Media, C runtime library. SQLite is responsible for database, WebKit is for browser support, SSL is used to secure
network transmissions.
Android Runtime
This layer contains core libraries and Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM), which are needed to run Android applications. DVM is the Android
implementation of Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which optimized for mobile apps for less memory consumption and better performance. DVM was

Feature Comparison Between Windows and Linux
Feature Comparison between Windows and Linux
Introduction
The basic definition of an operating system is a program that provides an interface to interact with the computer. It manages the computer's hardware
and software and provides a platform for other application programs. This report discusses the various aspects of an operating system with respect to
Microsoft Windows which is a family of proprietary operating systems and Linux, which is a sub–category of UNIX.
Operating systems thus not only provided a platform for interaction between humans and computer programs but also it is the key programs which
manages the resources such as memory and allocates time for various processes, if it is a multi–tasking operating system. It ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
All the inodes are in turn stored in inodes tables which are placed in proper locations in storage device. The inodes provides pointers to access the files
.The advantage of ext2 file system is its speed and robustness.
Quote from the Linux kernel documentation for ext2:
"There are pointers to the first 12 blocks which contain the file 's data in the inode. There is a pointer to an indirect block (which contains pointers to
the next set of blocks), a pointer to a doubly–indirect block (which contains pointers to indirect blocks) and a pointer to a trebly–indirect block (which
contains pointers to doubly–indirect blocks)."
Linux uses standard directory structure to access various partitions and hence partitions need not be assigned any special names. There are two IDE
ports present on a normal home PC, to which hard disks and CD–ROM drives may be connected. These are known as the Primary IDE and the
Secondary IDE, and they support two devices of either types which are specified using jumpers such as 'Master' and 'Slave'. The devices may be
hard–disks or CD–ROM drives or combinations on either port. The devices are labeled as follows:
/dev/hda –> Primary Master
/dev/hdb –> Primary Slave
/dev/hdc –> Secondary Master
/dev/hdd –> Secondary Slave
Process Management
A process is defined as a unit of execution. Depending on the operating

Open Source Software For Database Server
In this task, I will be looking at some open source software for a database server, Web server, file server, SMTP server, and an LDAP server. I will go
over a few in each category and then make my recommendations based on the stability and security of the software as it relates to the need of the
First World Bank. First, I will be looking at some open source software for the database server. I am going to be at the two that I consider be our
organization's best options. Those two are MySQL and PostgreSQL. MySQL is considered the most popular of all the open source database systems.
It offers a variety of database features and is considered fairly quick and pretty secure. It would be a good choice for the company's database servers.
However, unfortunately "MySQL does not [try to] implement the full SQL standard, this tool is not completely SQL compliant. If you might need
integration with such RDBMSs, switching from MySQL will not be easy" (Tezer 2014). This makes it not entirely ideal for current situation. When
we take a look at PostgreSQL, we see that "PostgreSQL is the advanced, open–source [object]–relational database management system which has the
main goal of being standards–compliant and extensible" (Tezer 2014). For the type of work our company is looking to achieve, it is very important
that our database system be both highly secure and standards–compliant. The downside of PostgreSQL is it is considered slower than MySQL and it is
not as popular.

Nt1330 Unit 3 Assignment 3 Web Server
I have researched various open source software for the servers. First, web servers: Apache is the most common web server used. The functionality
of the server can be expanded with modules if necessary, and it is easier to install and deploy servers that require more features. Nginx (this is
pronounced as "engine X") is the second most commonly used web server. It is also open source, but it is unique in that it can be used as a reverse
proxy. After research, I have decided that Apache would be the better web server due to its low memory usage as well as being able to handle more
requests than Apache (nginx is said to be able to handle 8000 live requests per second at its best). Database servers: After researching multiple options,
MySQL

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Security Guide
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Security Guide
1
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Security Guide
A Guide to Securing Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Edition 3
Red Hat Engineering Content Services
2
Legal Notice
Legal Notice
Copyright © 2011 Red Hat, Inc. Based on the Fedora Security Guide (current version at http://docs.fedoraproject.org/enUS/Fedora/16/html
/Security_Guide/index.html), written by Johnray Fuller, Eric Christensen, Adam Ligas, and other Fedora Project contributors. T he text of and
illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC–BY–SA"). An
explanation of CC–BY–SA is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by–sa/3.0/. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
xinetd 2.6.4. xinetd Configuration Files 2.6.5. Additional Resources 2.7. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) 2.7.1. How Does a VPN Work? 2.7.2.
Openswan 2.8. Firewalls 2.8.1. Netfilter and IPT ables 2.8.2. Basic Firewall Configuration 2.8.3. Using IPT ables 2.8.4. Common IPT ables
Filtering 2.8.5. FORWARD and NAT Rules 2.8.6. Malicious Software and Spoofed IP Addresses 2.8.7. IPT ables and Connection T racking 2.8.8.
IPv6 2.8.9. IPT ables 3. Encryption 3.1. Data at Rest 3.1.1. Full Disk Encryption 3.1.2. File Based Encryption 3.2. Data in Motion 3.2.1. Virtual
Private Networks 3.2.2. Secure Shell 3.2.3. OpenSSL Intel AES–NI Engine 3.2.4. LUKS Disk Encryption 3.2.5. Using GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG)
4. General Principles of Information Security 4.1. T ips, Guides, and T ools 5. Secure Installation 5.1. Disk Partitions 5.2. Utilize LUKS Partition

Encryption 6. Software Maintenance 6.1. Install Minimal Software 6.2. Plan and Configure Security Updates 6.3. Adjusting Automatic Updates 6.4.
Install Signed Packages from Well Known Repositories 7. Federal Standards and Regulations 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Federal Information Processing
Standard (FIPS) 7.2.1. Enabling FIPS Mode 7.3. National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual (NISPOM) 7.4. Payment Card Industry Data
Security Standard (PCI DSS) 7.5. Security T echnical Implementation Guide 8. References
6
Table of Contents
A. Encryption Standards A.1. Synchronous Encryption A.1.1. Advanced Encryption Standard– AES

1Introduction. 1.1Reasons For Choosing The Topic. With
1Introduction
1.1Reasons for Choosing the Topic
With the development of modern communication technology, the mobile phone becomes not only indispensable communication equipment but also a
convenient assistant of life. Especially in recent years, the born of smart phones have changed the world dramatically. The dazzling abundant smart
phone market have make the reachless dreams come true.
Undoubtedly, Android has made a great contribution to the smart world. The open–source platform produced by the Internet giant Google opened the
gate for the developers to implement various interesting applications. Among them, the intelligent healthcare has become the hot field. As the
equipment carried around by the user from dawn to dark, mobile phone ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Read related books and take online courses about Java and Android programming.
2.Looking for the information about running application and related algorithms.
3.Experience the existing running apps, learn the strong points from them and avoid their shortcomings.
4.After the collection of enough information and being skilled with the programming job, I will begin doing the design job. Determine the functions
selected and arrange them in beautiful interfaces.
5.Doing the coding job to implement the application and doing the UI design.
6.When the application is approximately completed, test it with real smart phones to ensure the successful execution and accuracy.
1.3Report Contents
In this report, Chapter 1 provides an overall introduction, including the motivation and the project progress. Chapter 2 provides the necessary
background knowledge and technologies used. Chapter 3 analysis the feasibility and requirements of the project. Chapter 4 describes the design and
implementation process of the application in details. The main operations and key steps are also listed there. Chapter 5 provides the exhibition of the
results and an analysis of the application's accuracy and reliability. Chapter 6 gives the summary of my work and looks into the future. 2Background
2.1Development Platform
The developing of the application is operated on Android OS.
2.1.1Brief Introduction to Android
Android is the name of the open source smart

IS3440 Unit 2 Discussion
Jeramie Feenstra IS3440 9/26/14 Unit 2 Discussion 1 Identifying Layers of Access Control Linux Server Hardening Tps. N.p.: nixCraft, 2009. #1:
Encrypt Data Communication All data transmitted over a network is open to monitoring. Encrypt transmitted data whenever possible with
password or using keys / certificates. 1. Use scp, ssh, rsync, or sftp for file transfer. You can also mount remote server file system or your own
home directory using special sshfs and fuse tools. 2. GnuPG allows to encrypt and sign your data and communication, features a versatile key
managment system as well as access modules for all kind of public key directories. 3. Fugu is a graphical frontend to the commandline Secure File
Transfer application (SFTP). SFTP is... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Warn : The number of days before password is to expire that user is warned that his/her password must be changed. 4. Expire : Days since Jan 1,
1970 that account is disabled i.e. an absolute date specifying when the login may no longer be used. I recommend chage command instead of editing
the /etc/shadow by hand: # chage –M 60 –m 7 –W 7 userName Recommend readings: Linux: Force Users To Change Their Passwords Upon First
Login Linux turn On / Off password expiration / aging Lock the user password Search for all account without password and lock them Use Linux
groups to enhance security #6.2: Restricting Use of Previous Passwords You can prevent all users from using or reuse same old passwords under
Linux. The pam_unix module parameter remember can be used to configure the number of previous passwords that cannot be reused. #6.3: Locking
User Accounts After Login Failures Under Linux you can use the faillog command to display faillog records or to set login failure limits. faillog
formats the contents of the failure log from /var/log/faillog database / log file. It also can be used for maintains failure counters and limits.To see failed
login attempts, enter: faillog To unlock an account after login failures, run: faillog –r –u userName Note you can use passwd command to lock and
unlock accounts: # lock account passwd –l userName # unlocak account passwd –u

The Components Of Linux And Windows Systems
Today, many people rely on computers and other devices to simplify and convenience their lives. Most users do not even consider the complexity that
allows the device to operate. And staggeringly, every electronic item we use today has some sort of functioning operating system to allow it to carry
out its objective task. A computer operating system is one such program that has rapidly evolved to simply the use and capabilities of computers. Two
widely known and used operating systems, Windows and Linux, are contending for the user market and have transformed over the years and do their
best to offer what the user is demanding. Initially the differences between Windows and Linux were like night and day. Now, as time goes on, the
things that set them apart have become blurry. What really separates these two is what lies deep in the coding to make the operating system more
efficient, secure and user friendly.
Assessing the differences and similarities between the components of Linux and Windows systems, a user can decide which system would best meet
their needs. The architecture of the kernel and how it operates can play a factor for security and efficiency. The visual aspect and workability with the
Graphical User Interface (GUI) or command interface can employ ease of use or offer streamlined productivity. Then lastly, looking at the statistical
data regarding Total Cost of Ownership and general popularity by actual use and preference will be compared.
The one core program

Operating Systems : Operating System
There are dozens of operating systems out in the wild, each designed and optimized for different things. This paper will be focusing on one such
optimized operating system named Raspbian. This operating system is a derivation of the more well–known operating system Debian. More precisely,
Raspbian is a modified and optimized port of Debian's Jessie build. As this paper goes on, readers will discover that since Raspbian is a direct
descendent of Debian Jessie, it inherits most of Debian's traits.
To begin, the name Raspbian comes from two separate pieces. The first is its parent operating system, Debian. Debian is an operating system created
by The Debian Project that makes use of either the Linux kernel or the FreeBSD kernel. Raspbian derives from Debian in that it was originally
designed to be a port of the "ABI ARM Hard Float Port", also known as the "armhf" port, which was in itself a port of Debian Wheezy. The reason
for the double port of Debian is the other half of Raspbian's name: the Raspberry Pi. The original Raspberry Pi was released by The Raspberry Pi
Foundation in February 2012. Originally designed in Europe, the hope was "that teachers, developers and the government will come together to get
the device into the hands of children who may not have access to a computer at home or would not be allowed by parents to 'muck about with it'"
(Cellan–Jones). The Raspberry Pi Foundation was met with immediate success not only in its original goal, but far beyond it. The

Operating System Security Concerns : Os
Operating System Security Concerns
The OS in general lacks security and portability. The services on an OS are acutely vulnerable to malicious and random faults, as the OS are huge
and are prone to security and reliabilities gaps. Moreover, the modification of the state of an OS is extremely complex in nature. Additionally, changes
like cloning, encrypting, moving, or restoring are too challenging to accomplish. The OS provides the capabilities of event logging, however, this
ability has a few shortcomings, such as, the intruder can disable the logging mechanisms before the attack, and secondly, it is often extremely difficult
to find the critical information necessary to discern the attack and steps employed by the intruder to harm the OS, therefore, the overall recovery
process becomes problematic (Chen & Noble, 2001).
Furthermore, in the contemporary OS, the expectations of multi–tasking, time–sharing, and resource–sharing are abundant. The fundamental OS
contains the security features such as task control blocks, virtual memory spaces, and inter–process communication. The OS also contains restrictions
on operations and processes based on user identity and ownership level. However, the OS security lacks various integral considerations, for instance,
restrictions based on the trustworthiness and operations of the utilities, user roles, and the data integrity and sensitivity. Therefore, the OS can be
compromised effortlessly by an attacker by means of a security breach in

Linux Security
Robert Hoffman
Linux
Research 2.1
Security for computers is one of the most important aspects of a system that has to be in place.
For this paper I will be writing about four security features that Linux systems use; these are SELinux,
chroot jail, openSSH, and iptables. I will briefly describe what they do to provide security.
SELinux (security enhanced Linux) was developed by the NSA, who chose Linux as its
operating system to create a more secure operating system. Since the development of SELinux by the
NSA most Linux distributions now implement SELinux as a standard. Traditional Linux systems use a
security called (DAC) discretionary access control. With this approach users and their objects, i.e., files ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Setting iptables is highly beneficial to your system, along with a main firewall iptables allows for a more secure system based on parameters you set
in the iptables.
OpenSSH is a set of programs that provide encrypted communication between networks. Created by the openBSD team as an alternative to the original
SSH software. When it starts there are two tasks that it performs right away, first it establishes an encrypted connection, second it authenticates the
user. When these two tasks are complete two systems can securely send information back and forth. When the session is started openSSH encrypts
anything sent out on the network, this prevents many security risks from being exploited. Two key pairs are used to enable an encrypted
connection; a host key pair and a session key pair. The host key pair is established when the system forst boots and consists of public and private
keys. The session key pair also consists of a public and private key and these change hourly. When a client first connects with a server you are asked

to verify that the server you are wanting to connect to is the right one. Once verification is complete the client make a copy of the servers public host
key so the next time the client wants to connect to that server it will have a copy of the key to verify the server with.
Computer security is crucial in

KUDLER FINE FOODS
Kudler Fine Foods Security Report and System Review
Kudler Fine Foods Security Report and System Review
Introduction
Kudler Fine Foods is in the process of developing a customer loyalty program, and a related system to give rewards to their customers. We have been
given the task of assisting the development team in creating mechanisms that facilitate information security
This paper serves to direct the development team along a pathway of security, with the intent to share information about the most secured manner to
implement this project. It must first be acknowledged that for information to be secured, information security must be integrated into the SDLC from
system inception. The early integration of security in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The current hardware within the organization will support the Linux platform and architecture. This makes a Linux implementation more cost efficient,
because the Linux operating system is open source, allowing licensing for the operating system to be almost free, and maintenance quite minimal in
cost, when compared to its Widows competitor. The implementation of Linux within the organization can also accommodate the use of several of their
Windows based applications.
WINEHQ – A unique Linux interface that gives Windows applications, permission.
The Wine application is a Windows emulator that will also allow the organization to install and run most Windows designed applications. This will
allow the organization to slowly transition any Windows based programs into the Linux environment.
Portability of the customer rewards program is also critical to the evolution of Kudler Fine Foods. The group recommends that Kudler use a
web–based Point of Sale system that will use the web browser to access and update data. This will also give the organization some disaster recovery and
contingency options in the future. The use of many portable devices including tablets, laptops, and smartphone's will give the organization portability
and contingency with little to no application configuration.
Cost Benefit Analysis
The Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) was conducted so that the stakeholders could make an informed decision

Is418 Project 1-2-3 Essay example
IS–418: Security Strategies in Linux Platforms and Applications
* Project: Linux – Based Web Application Infrastructure
* Project: Logistics
* Project Part 3: Executive Summary
* Project Part 3: Tasks 1 * Project Part 3: Tasks 2 * Project Part 3: Tasks 3
IS–418: Security Strategies in Linux Platforms and Applications
* Project: Linux – Based Web Application Infrastructure
* Project: Logistics
* Project Part 3: Executive Summary
* Project Part 3: Tasks 1 * Project Part 3: Tasks 2 * Project Part 3: Tasks 3
Task 1: Use a Kernel
Scenario:
First World Bank Savings and Loan's Linux–based infrastructure requires an in–house custom kernel or a kernel provided by a vendor ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
However the key strength in all these management appliance solutions is that they are "open solutions" designed to empower the customer.
The Power of Open Standards:

Opengear has a long tradition of working with organizations and people in the open standards and open source community – to help support the
development of open design and spread the use of open platforms: * Opengear partnered with OSSI and the OpenSSL project to sponsor the OpenSSL
cryptographic module meeting the FIPS 140–2 standard for ARM processors * Opengear supports the OpenFlow/SDN Interoperability Lab. This
Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology from the Open

Computer Science Student Michael Heerklot
Incident 1: Stuxnet .LNK Vulnerability 1.1 Background Patched Windows machines remained vulnerable to Stuxnet .LNK exploit since 2010. In early
January 2015, Michael Heerklotz approached the Zero Day Initiative with details of a vulnerability in the Microsoft Windows operating system and it
was assigned CVE–2015–0096. Stuxnet .LNK Vulnerability was discovered by a German computer science student Michael Heerklot, who through
interest in the discovery and impact of Stuxnet exploit, decided to investigate Stuxnet attack, particularly the hack of the Natanz uranium enrichment
facility where the .LNK vulnerability in windows shell was exploited in 2010 [1]. He examined the .LNK vulnerability, which was presumably patched
by Microsoft, to... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The issue is that in Windows, icons are executed from modules (either executables or dynamic link–libraries). In fact, .CPL files are actually DLLs.
Because an attacker could define which executable module would be loaded, an attacker could use the .LNK file to execute arbitrary code inside of
the Windows shell and do anything the current user could" [2]. The first patch released August in 2010, Microsoft put in an explicit whitelist check
with MS10–046. Once installed, it intended to ensure that only approved .CPL files should have been used to load non–standard icons for links. This
patch failed and for more than four years, all windows files have been vulnerable to exactly the same attack that stuxnet attackers used in initial
exploit. In light of its recent rediscovery, it is unknown if other groups discovered and exploited the vulnerability in the wild [2]. The section below
explores the section of code that was patched in the initial patch in 2010 and how the vulnerability remained vulnerable. The definition of the function
shown below is taken from a function called CControlPanelFolder::GetUiObjectOf() in Shell32.dll. Shown in the diagram below is the first block that
was changed after zero day vulnerability was discovered. In the event below a whitelist check was put in place. The definition calls for a custom icon,
with the iconID of 0, which is checked against a

Linux Security
Securing Linux Platforms and Applications Project Project Part 1 Task 1: Outline Security Policy This security policy is essential to the First World
Bank Savings and Loan. It is used to break up the security plan not measurable, specific, and testable goals and objectives. This security policy
would be used to provide all current and prospective customers online banking services while keeping the First World Saing bank competitive in the
financial marketplace. This solution is also an imperative due to an estimated revenue of $100,0000,000 flowing in by virtue of online credit card
transactions specific to banking and loan application based services. This security policy will go on to outline the specific regulations and... Show more
This unique model and the corresponding value proposition has resulted in SuagrCRM being one of the leading CRM product. I would still
recommend against using SugarCRM as it is known to have security flaws that make it more vulnerable to hacker attacks. 2. Mono – This technology
is sponsored by Novell and combines two seemingly different worlds of Microsoft and*nix into a single agile, open source and stable realm. Mono is
the open–source implementation of Microsoft's.NET technologies. Mono allows you to develop advanced and powerful applications (server–side) on
Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows. 3.Zenoss – Zenoss consists of an alert console, network discovery, performance monitoring, service monitoring, and
inventory modules. It is an open source IT Management suite. Zenoss offers the ability to monitor and observe your entire network. It is free, easy to
install and maintain, enterprise–ready, and modular through ZenPacks. 4. Drupal – Drupal is a CMS that allows communities to share, publish and
manage diverse kinds fo content on a Web server. User communities are its big strength and the supporters easily run into thousands.Content
management systems (CMSs) provide a collaborative environment for corporate Web sites, social networking sites, community portals, intranets,
e–commerce applications and discussion sites. Drupal has a plethora of possible add–ons that

Essay about Security Enhanced Linux (Selinux), Chroot...
Security Enhanced Linux (Selinux), Chroot Jail, and Iptables
Security Enhanced Linux (Selinux), Chroot Jail, and Iptables
Three of the most important types of Linux security technologies are Security Enhanced Linux (SELinux), chroot jail, and iptables. This security
measures aide in the subversion of theft and malicious activity. We will discuss these items in depth to address who created them and for what reason.
Along with how these technologies changed the operating system to enforce security, and the types of threats that these security systems are design to
eliminate.
Security Enhanced Linux was released in December of 2000 from the National Security Agency (NSA), under the GNU general public license. SELinux
is not a Linux ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This user has root privileges for his or her own account, but can't access higher directories or be aware of their existence. Virtualization is great for
test environment that can be set up in the chroot for software that might be too risky to deploy on a production system. Virtual environments are often
used for compatibility issues. Legacy software or software using a different interface must sometimes be run in a chroot because their supporting
libraries or files may otherwise clash with those of the host system. Also chroot is often used for recovery purposes. A chroot can be used to move
back into a damaged environment after bootstrapping from an alternate root file system.
Elevated Privileges in iptables are required for operation, and root user must be used or iptables will not function. With most Linux systems, iptables
is installed as /usr/sbin/iptables and documented in its man page, which can be opened using man iptables. There is a set of user interface tools that
can be used to manage your system's security profile in a more user friendly manner. The user interface firewall management tools include Bastille,
and GUI tools with like KDE's Guard dog. There are Linux distributions whose main purpose is to provide a GUI front end to iptables with a variety
of configurations.
Iptables allows the system administrator to define tables containing chains of rules for the treatment of packets. Each table is associated with a

Essay on The Linux
The Linux was originally founded by Linus Torvalds. In 1991, he was a second year computer science student in Finland. He sought after an
operating system that was similar to the UNIX system, but both UNIX and the hardware it ran on were excessively expensive. A UNIX version
called Minix was available for free, but it did not reasonably meet his needs as it was simply an operating system for students, designed primarily as a
teaching tool rather than an industry strength operating system. As a result, Torvalds studied Minix and proceeded to set out to write a new version.
After six months of working to produce the new operating system, Torvalds made very little progress toward the utility of the system.
He began to post his intentions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In many systems architecture, the kernel is the lowest level of software that interfaces with the hardware in a computer. In UNIX, users typically have
no direct access to it. It is responsible for interfacing all applications that run in user mode including the physical hardware and allowing processes to
get information from each other.
Linux kernel developers designed kernel modules that could be loaded and unloaded at runtime. Kernel modules are essential to keeping the kernel
functioning with all of the computer's hardware without consuming all of the available memory. A module generally adds functions based on the users
needs to the base kernel for things like file systems and devices. A kernel is essential for any computer system to run and operate properly. TheLinux
kernel is different than OS X and Windows because it includes drivers at the kernel level, and most other operating systems do not. (Salzman, 2005.)
The Linux operating system has been developed by many intelligent people. Around two percent of the Linux kernel was actually written by Torvalds
himself. Today, the Linux kernel has received contributions from thousands of developers across the globe. Torvalds remains the definitive authority on
what new codes are incorporated into the Linux kernel. However, Linux distribution modifies the kernel according to each of their users'

Evaluation Of Linux Containers ( Lxc )
Linux Assignment 2015 Evaluation of Linux Containers What is a Linux Container? The Linux Containers (LXC) feature is a lightweight
virtualization mechanism that does not require you to set up a virtual machine on an emulation of physical hardware. (Oracle, 2015) Linux–based
containers are emerging cloud technologies based on fast and lightweight process virtualization. It offers users an environment near identical
performance to a standard Linux distribution, as opposed to para–virtualization solutions (Xen) and other hardware virtualization solutions such as
KVM. It is not necessary for a Linux– container to create a new operating system kernel for each new instance. Because containers are lighter weight
than VMs, it... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Advantageous and disadvantageous of Oracles Virtual boxes AdvantageousDisadvantages Every Desktop user can utilize the same imageDoesn't share
the hosts kernel Hardware can be easily managedSlow boot time Reduced management and support costsHeavyweight. Require full image of the OS to
get resource and security isolation When there is a problem, generally just 1 system to troubleshootConsumes more memory and more disk that the
actual application it hosts Testing software Portable Free, but users must have bought server 2008 or 12 Available on all platforms (Oracle,
2015)(Logan Harbaugh, (2012) the Pros and Cons of Using Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) The features of containers depend highly on how much the
container have been configured and on which Linux–based container is currently being used, as Linux–based containers will be implemented
differently in projects. (Rami Rosen, (2012), Linux Containers and the Future Cloud 2014 Page 2) A user may create a container by using ready–made
templates. In lxc–0.9, there are 11 such templates, mainly for the most commonly used Linux distributions. These may be modified to accommodate
the needed requirements. (Rami Rosen, (2014). Linux Containers

Case Between Microsoft Versus Linux
If you host a website, chances are good that you are running either Apache or Internet Information Services (IIS). They are by far the two most
common web server platforms, between them commanding about 70% of the market. They each additionally have their energetic supporters and
haters. Truth be told, IIS versus Apache fire wars are ordinarily truly overflow or intermediary tirades of 'Microsoft versus Linux'. A look into
practice between the two web servers ought to be as goal as would be prudent, which is the thing that we'll attempt and do here and not get drawn into
individual inclinations and passionate loaded upheavals. Apache, or to utilize its full imperial title The Apache HTTP web server, is an open source
Web server... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some regular dialect interfaces bolster Perl, Python, Tcl, and PHP. Prevalent validation modules incorporate mod access, mod AUTH, mod digest, and
mod_auth_digest, the successor to mod digest. A specimen of different highlights incorporate Secure Attachments Layer and Transport Layer Security
bolster (modest), an intermediary module (mod proxy), a URL rewriter (mod rewrite), custom log records (mod_log_config), and separating support
(mod include and mod_ext_filter). Apache likewise bolsters virtual facilitating, which empowers one machine to have and at the same time server a
few distinct sites, and various great, all around created GUI interfaces. Another eminent component is website page pressure to decrease their size over
http. This is likewise accomplished by an outer module, one called mod_gzip. What's more, security is one of Apache's prominent qualities. With
regards to execution, tried and true way of thinking has it that Apache is simply alright, somewhat superior to IIS yet a considerable amount slower
than its fundamental open–source match Nginx. This has been borne out by target tests. In spite of the fact that in no way, shape or form moderate for
most broad undertakings, Apache is as yet kept down by two of its principle highlights: Highlight swell: Apache is as often as possible contrasted with
MS Word– an amazingly include rich application in which 90% of clients just use around 10% of the highlights all the

Ethical Hacker
Page Ethical Hacking and Countermeasures http://www.eccouncil.org EC–Council Certified C EH Ethical Hacker EC–Council TM Page http:/
/www.eccouncil.org Hackers are here. Where are you? Computers around the world are systematically being victimized by rampant hacking. This
hacking is not only widespread, but is being executed so flawlessly that the attackers compromise a system, steal everything of value and completely
erase their tracks within 20 minutes. The goal of the ethical hacker is to help the organization take preemptive measures against malicious attacks by
attacking the system himself; all the while staying within legal limits. This philosophy stems from the proven practice of trying to catch a... Show more
How Do They Go About It? Approaches to Ethical Hacking Ethical Hacking Testing Ethical Hacking Deliverables Computer Crimes and Implications
Legal Perspective (U.S. Federal Law) Section 1029 and Penalties Section 1030 and Penalties Japan Cyber Laws United Kingdom Cyber Laws Australia
Cyber Laws Germany's Cyber Laws Singapore's Cyber Laws Summary Page Module: Footprinting Scenario Module Objectives Revisiting
Reconnaissance Defining Footprinting Information Gathering Methodology Unearthing Initial Information Finding Company's URL Internal URL
Extracting Archive of a Website Google Search for Company's Info People Search Footprinting through Job Sites Passive Information Gathering
Competitive Intelligence Gathering Public and Private Websites http://www.eccouncil.org EC–Council DNS Enumerator SpiderFoot (http:/
/www.binarypool.com/spiderfoot/) Sensepost Footprint Tools (www.sensepost.com/research/bidiblah) Wikito Footprinting Tool Web Data Extractor
Tool Additional Footprinting Tools Whois Nslookup Extract DNS Information Types of DNS Records Necrosoft Advanced DIG Locate the Network
Range ARIN Traceroute Traceroute Analysis 3D Traceroute (http://www.d3tr.de/) Tool: NeoTrace (Now McAfee Visual Trace) GEOSpider (http:/
/www.delorme.com/professional/geospider/) Geowhere Footprinting Tool (http://www.geowhere.net/) Google Earth Tool: VisualRoute

Linux
SELinux (Security–Enhanced Linux) was developed by the U.S National Security Agency and essentially enforces security policies that limits what a
user or program can do by implementing MAC (Mandatory Access Control) in the Linux kernel. It defines a security policy that controls many
different things such as files, devices, sockets, ports and even some processes. The Security–enhanced Linux's features are designed to enforce the
separation of information based on confidentiality and integrity requirements. They are designed for preventing processes from reading data and
programs, tampering with data and programs, bypassing application security mechanisms, executing untrustworthy programs, or interfering with other
processes in violation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Several different tables may be defined and each table contains a number of built–in chains that may also contain user–defined chains as well. Each
chain is a list of rules which can match a set of packets. Each rule specifies what to do with a packet that matches. This is called a 'target', which may
be a jump to a user–defined chain in the same table. The first table is the default table if no other selection is made and should be used exclusively
for filtering packets based on their content. That table is called the filter table and does not have the ability to alter any packets. The next table is
called nat (network address translation) and this table is used to translate the source or destination fields of packets when packets create new
connections. The last table is called mangle and is used for specialized packet alteration including TOS (type of service) as well as TTL (time to
live). The last Linux security technology I want to discuss is chroot jail and how it works. Chroot jail is the common expression used to describe a
section of a file system that is sectioned off for a

Compliance Report: Frist World Bank Savings And Loan
Following is a report completed for the executives of Frist World Bank Savings and Loan, with the objective to provide information on how to secure
a Linux platform using installed commands and other available open source software. Explained are the use of bastion hosts to secure architecture
design as well as best practices to mitigate security risks to a Linux server using suitable software management plan. Layered secure is demonstrated
as well as a described backup, recovery, and incident response plan in our Linux architecture.
The objective of this report is to point out specific legislation and regulations that meet the statutory compliance criteria as well as the feasibility of
Linux and open source infrastructure in handling security demands. Recommendations to model a tiered architecture for the proposed online
transaction in a Linux–based infrastructure is also included. This report also contains the needed security framework that forms the basis of the
proposed recommendation.
Compliance is of high importance. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) has specific guidelines that must be followed. Linux and
open source infrastructure is able to handle security demands listed by the stated legislation and regulations. Security audits will be completed
according to the specified policy. Kernels can be customized and access controls can keep the system locked down. The suitable security framework
that forms the basis of the recommended

Unix Vs Linux Essay
ABSTRACT:
In the world of technology, the minds work faster than in any other field of study and science. The old systems and software are subjected to enhance
their life time. Linux is the most popular operating system in the market. Its uniqueness is that it is an open source operating system. It is free of cost
for all the users. Linux is considered as most finest, reliable and efficient operating system but everything is not perfectly designed. The current study is
centered for the security of Linux based operating systems and the comparison of Linux and windows based operating systems. The issues in the
security of system and the vulnerabilities in the Linux based systems. The study also comprises of the comparison between other operating ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is an implementation of a mandatory access control mechanism in the kernel of Linux. SELinux is an access control implementation on the Linux
kernel. The SELinux provides many kinds of data control policies
According to NSA Security Enhanced Team, "Security Enhanced Linux is a set of patches to the Linux kernel and some utilities to incorporate strong,
flexible mandatory access control (MAC) architecture into the major subsystem of the kernel." SELinux provides administrator more control over
access control.
SERVER:
The most important thing about Linux operating system is its server. Windows operating system was initially designed for single user and in 2003
they made their first server operating system windows NT 3.1 for multi users. However the Linux server is more stable, secure and cost effective as
compared to the Windows server. The windows server software, Windows Server 2008 standard in United states costs about $999 and also five
CALs(Client Access Licenses). Linux on the other hand is completely free, licensed under GNU deneral Public License which allows free distribution
of linux source

Windows NT Operating System
Windows NT is a unique and powerful operating system. It has been an entirely different operating system than Microsoft's initial Windows desktops
operating systems. It was simply better and more secure ("Survey of operating Systems" pg125.) Windows NT offers you a high degree of
performance and a wealth of capabilities and features. ("Windows NT 101", 1998.) NT supports two file systems: NtFS4 and FAT16. It can use up to
4 Gigabytes of RAM and also uses virtual memory. Windows NT doesn't work well with legacy applications it can work with some applications, they
need to be tested to see if it will run (Survey of Operating Systems" pg130.) This operating system was designed to run on multiple instruction set
architectures and multiple ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Vital to this choice is "who is the person." Like most operating systems, Windows NT casts the user identity in a user account, a group of
information about what the user or users of that account can and cannot do on the system. Also like most operating systems, users can only increase
services under an account if they can exhibit they know its password. The most basic rule of Windows NT security is that it provides no significant
services and fulfills no specific request until it associates a properly authenticated account with the password. When you physically log on, you
specify an account and its password. This represents your identity on behalf of all the programs you run during your logon session. In Windows NT,
there is no way to request local actions under another account. Windows NT compared to other operating systems is now a legacy operating system.
Both Windows and Linux come in many varieties. All the varieties of Windows come fromMicrosoft; the various distributions of Linux come from
different companies. Windows has two main lines: "Win9x", which consists of Windows 95, 98, 98SE and Me, and the "NT class" which consists of
Windows NT, 2000 and XP. Windows actually started, in the old days, with version 3.x which pre
–dated Windows 95 by a few years. )

Nt1330 Unit 6 Lab 1
Goal
The objectives of this lab were to install essential services such as Active Directory, Dynamic Host Configuration Service, Domain Name Service
and Network Time Service on a Windows Server Platform. I used windows server 2016 technical review version 3 and successfully installed all the
mentioned services on it. In this lab we used all services on windows as primary and I configured the services on Linux as secondary services.
Security Consideration
One of the important part of system administration should be secure, so it is very important to understand which factors can affect security inside and
outside our system. There are many key decisions that have to be made, for example, what server operating system should a system use to which ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We need to have a secure services and network and also it must be available sometime up to 24/7/365. To make sure that we are close to our Service
level agreement (SLA) with our clients, we must check our performance to find the bottleneck. After identifying our bottlenecks we can plan and see
what changes can improve our performance.
To measure the performance I used Opsview monitoring solution to monitor both DNS and DHCP on Linux and Windows server. Some sample
tools like ping, nslookup and traceroute can be used in Windows and Linux to measure the basic metrics for DNS and DHCP. TO have a real data we
need to test inside a real network or with some means generate the amount of traffic near the real traffic to find our network and services' bottlenecks.
For DNS we need also to test how long it takes authoritative DNS servers to respond to a request for your domain or host, including the Domain, the
TLD, and the Root DNS server response times. This test provides us with information to help identify possible DNS hosting performance delays
resolving our domain. It can be useful when evaluating the DNS performance of hosting providers, and general troubleshooting performance of a

Data Security And Privacy On Cloud Environments Using...
Student name: Kedar Badve. Student id: 1264476. Paper name: Information security. Paper code: 408217. Tutor: Krassie Petrova. Instruction: Auckland
University of technology. Subject: Data security and privacy in cloud environments using Dockers. Abstract This paper introduces Docker in context
with security in clouds. It describes various techniques used to test cloud security. It also offers a potential approach to understand nature of
information security in Docker–a representative of container based approach. Over the last few years, the use of virtualization technologies has
increased dramatically. This makes the demand for efficient and secure virtualization solutions become more obvious. Keywords: Security, Container,
Virtualisation, Docker, Clouds. Introduction This paper analyses security of Docker. The security is tested using two contexts: 1.Internal security in
Docker.2.Interaction of Docker with Linux security features. This paper also discuss about ways to increase security in Docker. Container–based
virtualization is able to provide a more lightweight and efficient virtual environment, but not without security concerns. The structure of paper is as
follows: 1. Introduction to Cloud Computing; 2. Docker Engine; Docker Container; 3.Docker security analysis; 4.Docker internal security. Introduction
to Cloud Computing Cloud" computing – a latest term, Supported by ages of investigations in virtualisation, distributed, and utility

Questions On Operating Systems And Security
Coursework Assignment
Operating Systems and Security
(M2G421117)
Adam Shanks – S1436559
12–12–2014
Contents
Page 1 – Contents
Page 2 – Introduction and Linux Security
Page 3 – Linux Security
Pages 4–13 – Lab Work
Page 14 – Conclusion
Page 15 – Copy of BASH Shell Script
Page 16 – References
Introduction
This Report will give an overview of Linux security and the features of SELinux (Security Enhanced Linux). This report will be split into 4 sections,
Section 1 will be the introduction that will describe what I am being asked to undertake for this coursework. Section 2 will be on Linux security that
will have a description of a Discretionary Access Control (DAC) and Mandatory Access Control, along with a comparison of them both. Section 3 will
be the Apache server directory configuration and shell script, this will show an account of my work on the configuration of the serving directory in
order to allow pages to be served using the apache web server while SELinux is enabled and in enforcing mode. This section will also include an
account of a bash script shell that will test the security configurations. This section will be presented in the report with the use of screenshots along
with a detailed description of the commands performed and what the screenshots show. Section 4 will contain the conclusion and this will include my
thoughts on the work that I have undertaken and on the capabilities of SELinux.

Linux Security
Security Enhanced Linux is an advanced access

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