Dicipline Policies

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION (DEPED)
DIVISION OF IRIGA CITY
SAGRADA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
IRIGA CITY

SOURCES OF AUTHORITY
• Educational institutions shall inculcate patriotism and
nationalism, foster love of humanity, respect for human rights,
appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical
development of the country, teach the rights and duties of
citizenship, strengthen ethical and spiritual values,
develop moral character and personal discipline,
encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific
and technological knowledge, promote vocational efficiency.
(Phil. Constitution Sec 3(2)Art. XIV)

•The School, its administrators and teachers, or
the individual, entity or institution engaged in
child care shall have special parental authority
and responsibility over the minor child (loco
parentis) while under their supervision,
instruction or custody. (Family Code Art. 218)

Rights & Duties of parents and those exercising
parental authority (loco parentis)
To provide them with moral and spiritual guidance,
inculcate in them honesty, integrity, self-
discipline, self-reliance, industry and thrift,
stimulate their interest in civil affairs, and inspire
in them compliance with the duties of citizenship.
(Family Code Art. 218)

To demand from them respect and
obedience; and
To impose discipline on them as may
be required under the circumstances.
(Family Code Art. 218)

•Pursuant to Section I, Chapter III, Part IV of 2000
DECS Service Manual, every school shall maintain
discipline inside the school campus as well as the
school premises when students are engaged in
activities authorized by the school.

Authority, Accountability, and Responsibility of School
Head
▪ Creating an environment within the school that is
conducive to teaching and learning;
▪ Implementing, monitoring and assessing the school
curriculum and being accountable for higher learning
outcomes. (Republic Act 9155)

•School officials shall have the right to
impose appropriate and reasonable
disciplinary measures in case of
offenses or infractions of good
discipline.

• As stated in paragraph 2, Section 6.2, Rule VI from Rules
and Regulations of RA 9155 as mentioned in DepEd Order
No. 1, s. 2003, the school head shall have authority,
accountability and responsibility for creating an
environment within the school that is conducive to
teaching and learning.Thus, school officials and teachers
shall have the right to impose appropriate and reasonable
disciplinary measures in case of minor offenses or
infractions of good discipline.

•Every school shall maintain discipline
inside the school campus as well as
outside the school premises when
pupils or students are engaged in
activities authorized by the
school.(Deped Order No.92,s. 1992)

•Teachers are duly license professionals who
pass dignity and reputation with high moral values
as well as technical and professional competence
whom strictly adhere to observe and practice this
set of ethical and moral principles, standard and
values. (Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers
Preamble).

Every Teacher is a
Guidance
Counselor…
Old/traditional concept (R.A 9258 0F 2004
“The Guidance Counseling Act):

Every Teacher is a
GUIDANCE
ADVOCATE…
New/modern concept (R.A 9258 0F 2004
“The Guidance Counseling Act):

BUT… SEC. 2. OF THE "MAGNA CARTA
FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS"
Every Guidance
Counselor is a
TEACHER…

GUIDANCE COUNSELOR VS. TEACHER
•A teacher is trained on
teaching strategies
/techniques.

GUIDANCE COUNSELOR VS. TEACHER
•A guidance counselor is
trained on counseling
strategies/ techniques.

• Sec. 2. of the "Magna Carta for Public School Teachers" and shall
apply to all public school teachers except those in the professorial
staff of state colleges and universities. As used in this Act, the term
"teacher" shall mean all persons engaged in classroom teaching, in
any level of instruction, on full-time basis, including guidance
counselors, school librarians, industrial arts or vocational
instructors, and all other persons performing supervisory and/or
administrative functions in all schools, colleges and universities
operated by the Government or its political subdivisions; but shall
not include school nurses, school physicians, school dentists, and
other school employees.

LIMITATION OF AUTHORITY
In no case shall school administrator, teacher or
individual engaged in child care and exercising
special parental authority, inflict corporal
punishment upon a child (Art. 233,Family Code).
No cruel or physically harmful punishment shall
be imposed or applied against any pupil or student.
(DECS Service Manual).

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
Attendance.
Section 5 Guidelines in Attendance and Punctuality •
The following guidelines in attendance and
punctuality as stated in the Paragraph 1.2, Section 1,
Chapter III, Part IV of 2000 DECS Service Manual shall
be observed.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Regularity of attendance and punctuality are
required in all classes. A student who has been
absent or has cut classes is required to present a
letter of explanation from his/her parents or
guardians or to bring them to school for a short
conference with the section adviser or guidance
counselor as the case may be.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• A student who incurs absences of more than twenty
percent (20%) of the prescribed number of class or
laboratory periods during the school year or term
should be given a failing grade and given no
credits for the course or subject.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Habitual tardiness especially during the first
period in the morning and in the afternoon shall not
be allowed.Teachers concerned shall call for the
parents of the student concerned

The guidelines for the school uniform as stated in the Paragraph
1.3, Section 1, Chapter III, Part IV of 2000 DECS Service Manual
are the following: – A school uniform shall be prescribed for all
students “as per agreement.” Shoes are considered part of the
uniform. • The prescribed uniform for boys: blue polo with school
logo; straight cut dark blue pants; black leather or rubber shoes
and white pair of socks. • The prescribed uniform for girls: blue
blouse with sports collar and school logo; straight cut dark blue
pants and black closed leather shoes.
STUDENT DISCIPLINE

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• All students shall be required to wear the official
school ID in the school campus.
• The acceptable haircut for boys shall be at least one
(1) inch above the ear and three (3) inches above the
collar line.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Section 7 Categories of Offenses to the School Rules
and Regulations. • .The following offenses shall be
categorized as: • 7.1 Grave Offense.The offenses
punishable by suspension or expulsion depending
on the seriousness of the offense stated in Paragraph
1.1.2, Section 1, Chapter III, Part IV of 2000 DECS
Service Manual are considered grave offenses.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Gross misconduct.
• Cheating and stealing.
• Assaulting a teacher or any other school authority or his
agents or students.
• Smoking inside the school premises (revised).
• Vandalism, writing on or destroying school property like
chairs, tables, windows, books, laboratory equipment and
others.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Gambling of any sort.
• Drinking intoxicants and liquor.
• Carrying and concealing deadly weapons.
• Extortion or asking money from others.
• Fighting causing injury to others.
• Using, possessing, and selling of prohibited
drugs.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Hazing in any form or manner whether inside
or outside the school premises.
• Immorality or sexual harassment.
• Instigating, leading or participating in
concerned activities leading to stoppage of
classes.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Preventing, threatening students or faculty
members or school authorities from discharging
their duties or from attending classes or
entering school premises.
• Forging or tampering with school records or
transfer forms.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
7.2 Minor Offense. –The minor offenses or
infractions of good discipline to school rules and
regulations are the following:
• Absenteeism, cutting of classes and tardiness.
• Failure to wear prescribed uniform.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Wearing of cap and the like inside the school
building specially inside the classroom.
• Wearing of earrings for the boys and more
than a pair of earrings for the girls, outlandish
hairstyles, painting of tattoo, over accessories
and body piercing.
• Patronizing suspected prostitution den.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Using profane language to insult another.
• Littering (plastic cups, bottles, candy wrappers or any
waste) inside the school campus specially inside the
classroom and corridors.
• Loitering and staying inside or outside the school
during class hour.
• Bringing, using and selling of pornographic materials.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Using different gadgets like cellular phones , ipad,
psp, etc. during class hour.
• Public display of affection (PDA) like holding hands,
hugging, kissing, necking, petting and fondling
• Unruly behavior during assemblies, religious services, etc.
• Going to restricted places.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Selling stolen goods in school.
• Refusal to display school ID prominently and placing
stickers and other objects on school ID.
• Sitting on tables, standing on benches as sitting with
feet up and legs wide apart.
• Writing or drawing on a fellow student’s books and
notebooks.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Borrowing without returning.
• Spending for personal use of funds entrusted to him/her.
• Refusing to obey a student leader when the latter is
discharging his/her duty or representing an authority.
• Irresponsibly playful like pulling chair away when one is
about to sit; hiding another’s property; blocking another’s
path, etc.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
•Jumping over the fence.
• Disrespectful to the national flag and singing of national
anthem.
• Spitting elsewhere.
• Chewing of bubble gum inside the school during class
hour and placing of bubble gum on chairs, walls, etc.
• Putting make-up and face powder during class hour.

STUDENT DISCIPLINE
• Urinating elsewhere or in inappropriate places.
• Voyeurism.
• Not giving letter to parents.
• Bullying including physical, emotional, mental,
sexual and cyber-bullying.

OTHERS ACTS OF VIOLENCE & ABUSE
• Student vs. student (Bullying, Etc.).
• Sexual Abuse.
• Student vs. school or teacher/school personnel.

SCHOOL DISCIPLINE COMMITTEE
2.1 School Discipline Officer as Chair
• He/she shall serve as prefect of discipline within the
curriculum year level.
• He/she shall investigate cases listed on the offenses punishable
by suspension or expulsion depending on the seriousness of the
offense as stated in Paragraph 1.1.2, Section 1, Chapter III, Part IV
of 2000 DECS Service Manual.
• He/she shall secure records with confidentiality.
• He/she shall serve as mediator between the offender and the
aggrieved party.

2.2 Curriculum Chairman as Co-chair
• He/she shall serve as co-prefect of discipline within the year level
in the absence of School Discipline Officer who shall investigate
cases listed on the offenses punishable by suspension or expulsion
depending on the seriousness of the offense as stated in Paragraph
1.1.2, Section 1, Chapter III, Part IV of 2000 DECS Service Manual.
• He/she shall secure records with confidentiality. • He/she shall
serve as mediator between the offender and the aggrieved party.

2.3 Class Adviser as Member
• He/she shall serve as liaison between the school and
the parents or guardians.
• He/she shall write letters (See Appendix A) to call the
attention of parents or guardians to invite for a conference.
• Prepare the anecdotal report (See Appendix F) and
safeguard confidentiality.

Section 3 Referral.
• All cases beyond the control and expertise of School
Discipline Committee shall be referred to the following
offices and furnish copy of referral form (See Appendix C)
attached with anecdotal report (See Appendix F) and other
supporting documents for more extensive supervision and
control.

3.1 Office of the Principal
• The case needs administrative action.
• The case needs for referral to other government agency
and private institutions.

3.2 Office of Guidance and Counseling
• The client manifests deviant and maladjustment
behaviors.
• The client violates the school rules and regulations in
spite of signing the behavior contract (See Appendix D).
• The client needs to seek professional help.

SECTION 8 PENAL PROVISIONS.
• The school head have mandated of authority,
accountability and responsibility for creating an
environment conducive to teaching and learning within the
school that is he/she be the only deemed person in
authority.
• The principal as the school head is therefore in power to
determine and execute the necessary sanction mandated
by the school rules and regulations.

• In the exercise of discretion given to the principal,
all submitted reports and recommendations by the
various levels of officers (guidance counselor, school
discipline officer, curriculum chairman and class
advisers) shall be considered supportive and
guidelines for proper basis of judgment, fair and just
decision.

• In case of irresponsible and undesirable behavior,
the following sanctions may be imposed:
- Oral warning and written reprimand.The violator
shall be reminded on his/her misbehavior and shall sign
on the behavior contract (See Appendix D) together with
his/her parent/guardian.The case should be recorded in
the confidential log book.

• Probationary.
- The violator shall be required to undergo therapy.
- There are two types of therapy: the school therapy and
home therapy. In school therapy, the student shall be given
school tasks that aim to develop his/her sense of
responsibility, moral character and personal discipline
under the supervision of guidance counselor, school
discipline officer and class adviser.

• On the other hand, home therapy shall be given to
student who needs parental guidance. He/she shall
be given tasks that aim to develop his/her intra
personal skills under the supervision of guidance
counselor, school discipline officer, class adviser and
parents/guardians.

• Suspension.The violator may be suspended for a
fixed period. It will be recorded in the student’s
anecdotal record (See Appendix G).
• Expulsion.The violator shall be banned on
enrolment. His/her right to avail free public
education shall be terminated.

RULES IN THE IMPOSITION OF PENALTY
•Depending on the gravity of the offense, non-
punitive measures may be imposed in lieu of
punitive measures in accordance with the
Positive Non-violent Discipline. (Deped
Order No. 40 s of 2012 Child Protection Policy).

•CONCEPT OF PROPORTIONALITY- the penalty
must be proportionate to the offense committed.
•The School Head may impose reasonable
disciplinary measures taking into consideration the
nature, gravity or severity, or previous offense.
RULES IN THE IMPOSITION OF PENALTY

PENALTIES
Bullying the SH shall determine the appropriate
disciplinary measure in accordance
with existing rules and regulations of
the Department .
Other Acts of Violence or
Abuse
Dealt with in accordance with RA 9344
Republic Act No. 9344 “Juvenile Justice and
Welfare Act of 2006”.
Other Forms of Infraction In accordance with existing rules of the
Department.

PENALTIES
•Written reprimand.
•Community service.
•Suspension.
•Exclusion.
•Expulsion.

IMPOSABLE PENALTIES
Nature of
Offense
Penalty Duration Disciplining
Authority
Requirement
Minor offense
Appropriate and
reasonable
disciplinary measure
School officials
Not cruel or
physically harmful
punishment
First offense or
NOT Serious
Offense
Suspension Not exceeding 3
days
Principal parents must be
informed of any
misconduct on the
part of their children
for which
disciplinary action is
necessary

Nature of
offense
Penalty Duration Disciplining
Authority
Requiremen
t
Serious offense or
persistent
offender
Suspension Exceeding 3 days
but NOT longer
than 1 year
Principal subject
to approval of
SDS
Due process.
Written promise
of exemplary
conduct
Serious
offense
Suspension or
exclusion
1 year or longer Secretary Due
process
IMPOSABLE PENALTIES

PROHIBITED PENALTIES
• Corporal Punishment.
• Manual work or degrading tasks.
• cruel and unusual punishments of any nature.
• holding up a pupil/student to unnecessary ridicule.
• the use of epithets and expressions tending to destroy
the pupil/student’s self respect. and
• the permanent confiscation of the personal property of
pupils/students .

PROCEDURES
 BULLYING INCIDENTS
✓Immediate Responses
-stop the bullying.
-separate the students.
-remove the victim.
-safety of the victim.
-reporting to Guidance Office.

✓Reporting to the School Head.
✓Filling up of the Intake Sheet.
✓Investigation/Inquiry.
-The School Head shall designate school
personnel/child protection committee to conduct
inquiry.
PROCEDURES

PROCEDURES
1. The student and the parents or guardians shall be
informed of the complaint in writing;
2. The student shall be given the opportunity to answer
the complaint IN WRITING, with the assistance of the
parents/guardian;
3. The bully or offending student and the victim shall be
interviewed separately.

PROCEDURES
4. Determine the level of threats and develop
intervention strategies.
5. Inform the victim and the parents or guardian of
the steps to be taken to prevent any further act of
bullying or retaliation. and
6. Make appropriate recommendation to the CPC on
proper interventions, referrals and monitoring .

PROCEDURES
7. The School Head shall issue a decision in writing, stating
the facts and the reasons for the decision.
8. In addition to the disciplinary sanction, the bully shall
also be required to undergo an intervention program which
shall be administered or supervised by the CPC. The
parents of the bully shall be encouraged to join the
intervention program.
9. The decision of the school head may be appealed to the
Division Office.

PROCEDURES
The same procedures shall be observed on:
•Other Acts ofViolence of Abuse
student vs.student
•Other Forms of Student Offense/Infraction
student vs.school or school personnel
Except that the students and witnesses may be interviewed
at the same time in an inquiry of the Committee.

DUE PROCESS IN STUDENT
PROCEEDINGS
“The imposition of disciplinary
sanctions requires observance of
procedural due process”
Guzman vs. National University
142 SCRA 699

PROCEEDINGS
1. The students must be informed in writing of the
nature and cause of any accusation against them;
2. They shall have the right to answer the charges
against them, with the assistance of counsel, if
desired;
3. They shall be informed of the evidence against
them;

PROCEEDINGS
4. They shall have the right to adduce evidence
in their own behalf; and
5. The evidence must be duly considered by the
investigating committee or official designated
by the school authorities to hear and decide
the case.

NOTE:
• For first and other offenses, which are not very serious in
nature, a suspension from school not to exceed three (3)
days may be authorized by the principal without the
approval of the Division Superintendent. However, parents
must be informed by the teacher or the school principal of
any misconduct on the part of their children for which
disciplinary action is necessary (Paragraph 1.1.2, Section 1,
Chapter III, Part IV of 2000 DECS Service Manual).

SECTION 9 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.
– The use of corporal punishment by teachers (slapping,
jerking or pushing student about) imposing manual work or
degrading task as penalty; meting out cruel and unusual
punishment of any nature; holding up a student to
unnecessary ridicule; the use of epithets and expressions
tending to destroy the student self-respect and the
permanent confiscation of the personal property of
students are forbidden. (Paragraph 1.1.2, Section 1, Chapter
III, Part IV of 2000 DECS Service Manual)

• The organization of fraternities and sororities is
strictly prohibited. Penalty for non-compliance is
expulsion of student. (Paragraph 4.3.3, Section 4, Part
III of 2000 DECS Service Manual; DECS Order No. 20,
s. 1991; DepEd Order No. 7, s. 2006).

• The following policies regarding the prohibition on
the use of cell phones as stated in DepEd Order No. 83, s.
2003 shall be implemented.
• BAN on the use of cell phones by the students
during class hour.
• Educate students on the responsible use of cell phones to
prevent them from engaging in misguided and immoral
activities.

• Article IV Section 44 of RA 9165 otherwise known as
“The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002”
provides for the purpose of enforcing the provisions of
Article II of this Act, all school heads, supervisors and
teachers shall be deemed persons in authority and
as such are hereby vested with the power to apprehend,
arrest or cause the apprehension or arrest of any person
who shall violate any of the said provisions.

• The School Security shall be in-charged for the
monitoring of violators to school rules and
regulations.They shall advise to report any untoward
incidence and irregularities to the proper authority.
Protocol should be observed

CAN A SCHOOL
REFUSE
ENROLLMENT?

• Section 3.2 Given Resource Constraints, Public School
May Give Priority Preference For Admission To Those
New Entrants Who Are Residents Of The Locality Where
The School Is Located Provided That The Reasonable
Threshold Ratio Of Pupils/Students Per Teacher Of Sixty
(60) Is To One (1) Shall Be Observed Strictly (Decs Order
No. 32, S. 2033).

• Section 6, RA 6655, known as "Free Public Secondary
Education Act of 1988." provides that “The right of any
student to avail of free public high school shall terminate
if he fails for two (2) consecutive school years in the majority of
the academic subjects in which he/she is enrolled during the course of the study unless such
failure is due to some valid cause.” (Paragraph 1.1.2, Section 1, Chapter I, Part IV of 2000
DECS Service Manual). Due to some valid cause means that the circumstances for such
failures may be attributed to reasons beyond the students’ control such as illness, family
instability or environmental disturbances (DECS Order No. 44, s. 1988).

• Under Paragraph b, Section 3 of RA 7877, known as “The
Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995” declared that any
person who directs or induces another to commit any act of
sexual harassment or who cooperates in the commission
thereof by another without which it would not have been
committed, shall also be held liable.
• Enrollees are required to attend orientation and shall be
signed to an agreement during enrolment (See Appendix E).

OTHER LAWS
Republic Act No. 9344 “Juvenile Justice andWelfare Act of 2006”
• SEC. 13.The Educational System. - Educational institutions shall
work together with families, community organizations and
agencies in the prevention of juvenile delinquency and in the
rehabilitation and reintegration of child in conflict with the
law. Schools shall provide adequate, necessary and
individualized educational schemes for children manifesting
difficult behavior and children in conflict with the law.

OTHER LAWS
• DO 18, S. 2015 – DEPED GUIDELINES AND
PROCEDURES ON THE MANAGEMENT OF
CHILDREN-AT-RISK (CAR) AND CHILDREN IN
CONFLICTWith The Law (CICL) Section 8 – schools
par. C. – in cases where cicl is taken custody or placed
in a bahay pag-asa and rehabilitation centers, provide
the opportunity to continue their learning under
alternative learning system (ALS) with basic Literacy
program or non-formal education and equivalency
system.

OTHER LAWS
Republic Act No. 10627, known as
the “Anti-Bullying Act” of 2013.
states that Bullying includes physical,
emotional, mental, sexual and cyber-
bullying.

OTHER LAWS
Republic Act No. 7610 of 1992
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR STRONGER DETERRENCE
AND SPECIAL PROTECTION AGAINST CHILD ABUSE,
EXPLOITATION AND DISCRIMINATION, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES Section 3, Paragraph (b), Number (2)
of the said Act specifically states that:“Any act by deeds or
words which debases, degrades or demeans the intrinsic
worth and dignity of a child as a human being;” is
considered child abuse and maltreatment.

OTHER LAWS
• In cases where children in conflict with the law are
taken into custody or detained in rehabilitation
centers, they should be provided the opportunity
to continue learning under an alternative
learning system (ALS) with basic literacy program
or non- formal education .

OTHER LAWS
• SEC. 60. Prohibition Against Labeling and Shaming. -
In the conduct of the proceedings beginning from the
initial contact with the child, the competent authorities
must refrain from branding or labeling children as
young criminals, juvenile delinquents, prostitutes or
attaching to them in any manner any other derogatory
names. Likewise, no discriminatory remarks and
practices shall be allowed particularly with respect to the
child's class or ethnic origin

OTHER LAWS
• DepEd Order No. 40, s. 2012 • Section 3, paragraph P.“Positive
and Non-Violent Discipline of Children” –is a way of thinking
and holistic, constructive and pro-active approach to teaching that
helps children develop appropriate thinking and behavior in the
short and long term and foster self-discipline. It is based on the
fundamental principle that children are full human beings with
basic human rights. Positive discipline begins with setting the
long-term goals or impacts that teachers want to have on their
students’ adult lives, and using everyday situations and challenges
as opportunities to teach life-long skills and values to students.

PROHIBITED ACTS
• •Section 15 Prohibited Acts.The following acts, as
defined in Section 3 of this Order, are hereby prohibited
and shall be penalized in administrative proceedings as
Grave or Simple Misconduct depending on the gravity
of the act and its consequences, under existing laws,
rules and regulations:

PROHIBITED ACTS
1. Child Abuse.
2. Discrimination against children.
3. Child Exploitation.
4. Violence against children in schools.
5. Corporal Punishment.
6. Any analogous or similar acts.

DISCIPLINARY ACTION
FOR TEACHERS/PERSONNEL
• Arising from parents/pupil’s complaint of a
wrongful act or omission on the part of the
teacher/school personnel.
• The Principal has NO DISCIPLINARY
JURISDICTION.

HANDLING THE COMPLAINT
If a complaint is filed/brought to the school, the Principal may:
1. inquire from the complainant on the facts/
circumstances of the complaint.
2. Ascertain the desire of the complaining parent:
* admonition of the teacher – meeting between the parents
and the teacher concerned.
* the teacher be penalized – inform the complaining parent
of the jurisdictional issue.

WHAT TO AVOID
Appearance of partiality by-
• listening.
•Being non-judgmental.
•Staying calm/tolerant.
•Maintaining confidentiality.

SAMPLE CASES
THAT CAN BE
FILED AGAINST
A MINOR/CHILD

CRIMINAL OFFENSE: REVISED PENAL CODE
• Art. 148. DIRECT ASSAULTS. — Any person or persons who shall
attack, employ force, or seriously intimidate or resist any person in
authority or any of his agents, while engaged in the performance of
official duties, or on occasion of such performance, shall suffer the
penalty of imprisonment and a fine.
• Art. 149. INDIRECT ASSAULTS. — The penalty of imprisonment and
a fine shall be imposed upon any person who shall make use of force
or intimidation upon any person coming to the aid of the authorities
or their agents.

• Art. 353. Definition of libel. — A libel is public
and malicious imputation of a crime, or of a vice
or defect, real or imaginary, or any act, omission,
condition, status, or circumstance tending to
cause the dishonor, discredit, or contempt of a
natural or juridical person, or to blacken the
memory of one who is dead.

•Art. 358. Slander. — Oral defamation shall
be punished by arresto mayor in its
maximum period to prision correccional
(2 years & 4 months) in its minimum
period if it is of a serious and insulting
nature; otherwise the penalty
imprisonment or a fine or both.

•Art. 359. Slander by deed. — The penalty of arresto
mayor in its maximum period to prision correccional
(2 years & 4 months) or a fine shall be imposed upon
any person who shall perform any act not included
and punished in this title, which shall cast dishonor,
discredit or contempt upon another person. If said act
is not of a serious nature, the penalty of imprisonment
or a fine or both.

•Article. 287 - Unjust vexation which
states that "any other coercion of unjust
vexation shall be punished by arresto
menor (1-6 months) or a fine, or both."

• Art. 282. Grave threats.— Any person who shall threaten
another with the infliction upon the person, honor or
property of the latter or of his family of any wrong
amounting to a crime arresto mayor (1 month and 1 day
to 6 months). and a fine.
• Art. 283. Light threats. — Any threat to commit a wrong
not constituting a crime, made in the manner expressed in
subdivision 1 of the next preceding article, shall be
punished by arresto mayor (1 month and 1 day to 6
months).

• Art. 263. Serious physical injuries. — Any person who shall wound,
beat, or assault another, shall be guilty of the crime of serious
physical injuries shall suffer the penalty of arresto mayor (1 month and
1 day to 6 months). - prision mayor (6 years and 1 day to 12 years).
• Art. 265. Less serious physical injuries. — Any person who shall inflict
upon another physical injuries not described in the preceding
articles, but which shall incapacitate the offended party for labor for
ten days or more, or shall require medical assistance for the same
period, shall be guilty of less serious physical injuries and shall suffer
the penalty of arresto mayor (1 month and 1 day to 6 months).

• Art. 248. Murder. — Any person who, not
falling within the provisions of Article
246 shall kill another, shall be guilty of
murder and shall be punished by
reclusion (12 years and 1 day to 20 years)
temporal in its maximum period to
death.

CAN A MINOR
BE SUBJECTED
CRIMINAL
OFFENSE?

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9344
AN ACT ESTABLISHING A COMPREHENSIVE
JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE SYSTEM,
CREATING THE JUVENILE JUSTICE AND
WELFARE COUNCIL UNDER THE
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, APPROPRIATING
FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES.

Sec. 6. Par. 1. Minimum Age of Criminal
Responsibility. - A child FIFTEEN (15) YEARS OF
AGE or under at the time of the commission of
the offense shall be exempt from criminal
liability. However, the child shall be subjected to
an intervention program pursuant to Section 20
of this Act.

SEC 22. Duties During Initial Investigation.
Assessment to Determine the appropriate
interventions and whether the child acted
with DISCERNMENT.

WHAT IF A
CHILD IS
BELOW 15
YEARS OLD?

CIVIL OFFENSE: CIVIL CODE
•Art. 1161. Civil obligations arising from
criminal offenses shall be governed by the
penal laws, subject to the provisions of
Article 2177, and of the pertinent provisions
of Chapter 2, Preliminary Title, on Human
Relations, and of Title XVIII of this Book,
regulating damages. (1092a)

Art. 2217. Moral damages include physical
suffering, mental anguish, fright, serious anxiety,
besmirched reputation, wounded feelings, moral
shocks, social humiliation, and similar injury.Though
incapable of pecuniary computation, moral damages
may be recovered if they are the proximate result
of the defendant's wrongful act or omission.

•Article 2208. Exemplary Damages In
the absence of stipulation, attorney's
fees and expenses of litigation, other
than judicial costs, cannot be
recovered.

TEACHERS ARE HUMAN BEINGS TOO!
1.MIND
2.HEART
3.SOUL

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