The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of occlusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of occlusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of occlusion 2 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Development of dentition & occlusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Development of occlusion 1 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of dentition & occlusion / /certified fixed orthodontic courses b...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Development of dentition & occlusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
short explanation of how the primary occlusion develops including the eruption sequence of the primary dentition
Development of Occlusion
From Birth upto Primary Dentition
DEFINITION
(derived from the latin word occluso)
OCCLUSION IS DEFINED AS RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALL THE COMPONENTS OF MASTICATOR SYSTEM IN NORMAL FUNCTION, DYSFUNCTION AND PARAFUNCTION
THE VARIOUS STAGES OF OCCLUSAL DEVELOPMENT
PREDENTATE JAW RELATIONSHIP
DECIDUOUS DENTITION PERIOD
MIXED DENTITION PERIOD
PERMANENT DENTITION PERIOD
THE PREDENTATE PERIOD
6 MONTHS AFTER BIRTH
GUM PADS- ALVEOLAR PROCESS AT TIME OF BIRTH
DENTAL GROOVE
TRANSVERSE GROOVES
GINGIVAL GROOVE
LATERAL SULCUS
COMPLETE OVERJET
INFANTILE OPEN BITE
NATAL TEETH- TEETH FOUND TO HAVE ERUPTED AT THE TIME OF BIRTH
NEONATAL TEETH- ERUPT DURING FIRST MONTH OF LIFE
DECIDUOUS DENTITION PERIOD
ERUPTION OF ALL PRIMRY TEETH IS COMPLETED BY 2.5-3.5 YRS OF AGE
SEQUENCE OF ERUPTION- A-B-D-C-E
BETWEEN 3-6 YRS THE DENTITION IS RELATIVELY STABLE
SOME OF THE CHARACERISTIC CLINICAL FEATURES OF DECIDUOUS DENTITION ARE
BOTH THE DENTAL ARCHES ARE HALF ROUND OR OVOID IN SHAPE
ALMOST NO CURVE OF SPEE IS PRESENT
SHALLOW CUSPID INTERDIGITATION
SLIGHT OVERJET
DEEP BITE
VERTICAL INCLINATION OF INCISORS
SPACED DENTITION
DIFFERENT MAXILLOMANDIBULAR RELATIONS
FLUSH TERMINAL PLANES
MESIAL STEP TERMINAL PLANES
DISTAL STEP TERMINAL PLANES
SPACING
DELABARRE(1918) WAS FRIST TO DESCRIBE INTERDENTAL SPACING SPACING IN PRIMARY DENTITION
BAUME-1950-
ANTERIOR TEETH RELATIONSHIP
OVERBITE
EDGE TO EDGE BITE
OVERJET
CANINE RELATIONSHIP
CLASS I
CLASS II
CLASS III
ARCH DIMENSIONS
ZIGMONDY 1890
FRANK & BAUME- CHANGES THAT TAKE PLACE IN ARCH BY LOSS OF PRIMARY TEETH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OCCLUSION
ARCH SIZE
ARCH LENGTH
ARCH CIRCUMFERENCE
ARCH WIDTH
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXTBOOK OF ORTHODONTICS-BHALAJI
TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY- NIKHIL MARWAH
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of primary dentition /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
A SEMINAR ON DEVELOPMENT OF NORMAL OCCLUSION COVERING NORMAL CONDITIONS OF DECIDOUS DENTITION, MIXED DENTITION AND PERMANENT DENTITION SO THAT IT CAN BE UNDERSTOOD WHAT IS NORMAL.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of occlusion 2 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Development of dentition & occlusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Development of occlusion 1 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of dentition & occlusion / /certified fixed orthodontic courses b...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Development of dentition & occlusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
short explanation of how the primary occlusion develops including the eruption sequence of the primary dentition
Development of Occlusion
From Birth upto Primary Dentition
DEFINITION
(derived from the latin word occluso)
OCCLUSION IS DEFINED AS RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALL THE COMPONENTS OF MASTICATOR SYSTEM IN NORMAL FUNCTION, DYSFUNCTION AND PARAFUNCTION
THE VARIOUS STAGES OF OCCLUSAL DEVELOPMENT
PREDENTATE JAW RELATIONSHIP
DECIDUOUS DENTITION PERIOD
MIXED DENTITION PERIOD
PERMANENT DENTITION PERIOD
THE PREDENTATE PERIOD
6 MONTHS AFTER BIRTH
GUM PADS- ALVEOLAR PROCESS AT TIME OF BIRTH
DENTAL GROOVE
TRANSVERSE GROOVES
GINGIVAL GROOVE
LATERAL SULCUS
COMPLETE OVERJET
INFANTILE OPEN BITE
NATAL TEETH- TEETH FOUND TO HAVE ERUPTED AT THE TIME OF BIRTH
NEONATAL TEETH- ERUPT DURING FIRST MONTH OF LIFE
DECIDUOUS DENTITION PERIOD
ERUPTION OF ALL PRIMRY TEETH IS COMPLETED BY 2.5-3.5 YRS OF AGE
SEQUENCE OF ERUPTION- A-B-D-C-E
BETWEEN 3-6 YRS THE DENTITION IS RELATIVELY STABLE
SOME OF THE CHARACERISTIC CLINICAL FEATURES OF DECIDUOUS DENTITION ARE
BOTH THE DENTAL ARCHES ARE HALF ROUND OR OVOID IN SHAPE
ALMOST NO CURVE OF SPEE IS PRESENT
SHALLOW CUSPID INTERDIGITATION
SLIGHT OVERJET
DEEP BITE
VERTICAL INCLINATION OF INCISORS
SPACED DENTITION
DIFFERENT MAXILLOMANDIBULAR RELATIONS
FLUSH TERMINAL PLANES
MESIAL STEP TERMINAL PLANES
DISTAL STEP TERMINAL PLANES
SPACING
DELABARRE(1918) WAS FRIST TO DESCRIBE INTERDENTAL SPACING SPACING IN PRIMARY DENTITION
BAUME-1950-
ANTERIOR TEETH RELATIONSHIP
OVERBITE
EDGE TO EDGE BITE
OVERJET
CANINE RELATIONSHIP
CLASS I
CLASS II
CLASS III
ARCH DIMENSIONS
ZIGMONDY 1890
FRANK & BAUME- CHANGES THAT TAKE PLACE IN ARCH BY LOSS OF PRIMARY TEETH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OCCLUSION
ARCH SIZE
ARCH LENGTH
ARCH CIRCUMFERENCE
ARCH WIDTH
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXTBOOK OF ORTHODONTICS-BHALAJI
TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY- NIKHIL MARWAH
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Development of primary dentition /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
A SEMINAR ON DEVELOPMENT OF NORMAL OCCLUSION COVERING NORMAL CONDITIONS OF DECIDOUS DENTITION, MIXED DENTITION AND PERMANENT DENTITION SO THAT IT CAN BE UNDERSTOOD WHAT IS NORMAL.
Development of dentition. /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. OVERVIEW
Introduction
Pre-natal development
Post-natal development
Factors affecting occlusal
development
-General
-Local
Clinical implications
Conclusion
www.indiandentalacademy.com
3. INTRODUCTION
The development of dentition is an important
part of craniofacial growth as the formation,
eruption, exfoliation and exchange of teeth
take place during this period. This is an
assimilation of facts, predictions, studies, in
both static and dynamic situations; the
factors influencing them and their clinical
implications.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
5. Initiation:
The very 1st
sign of tooth development appears late in the 3rd
embryonic week.
At 6 weeks, the 4 maxillary odontogenenic zones coalesce to form
the dental lamina.
Morphological changes in the dental lamina occurs in 3 main
phases:
Initiation of the entire deciduous dentition –during 2nd
month
in utero
Initiation of the entire permanent dentition –from 5th
month
in utero
Initiation of the 1st
permanent molar–4 months in utero
Initiation of the 2nd
permanent molar-1 yr
Initiation of the 3rd
permanent molar-4 to 5 yrs
www.indiandentalacademy.com
6. Bud Stage:
Immediately after the formation of Dental
lamina, the following take place :
Division for cheek & lip from the Dental
arches at the Vestibular furrow.
Increased mitotic activity( knob-like )
corresponding to each deciduous tooth
position .
Between the 7th
& 8th
week both max. &
mand. Deciduous tooth buds form.
The 1st
buds to form are the mand. Anterior
teeth.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
7. Cap Stage:
The growth rate throughout the tooth bud is not
uniform & is more active at the periphery.
The Cap stage begins by the 8th
week with the
appearance of a concavity on the deep surface of the
bud.
The epithelium of the cap-shaped tooth organ
enlarges & proliferates into deeper connective tissues
(ectomesenchyme).
Areas of increased cellular density give rise to non-
enamel portions of the tooth & its periodontal matrix.
The Tooth germ, consisting of the Enamel organ,
Dental papilla & Dental follicle can be identified.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
8. Bell Stage :
In the Bell stage, the Enamel organ differentiates into :
-Inner enamel epithelium
-Stratum intermedium
-Stellate cells
-Outer enamel epithelium
Dental papilla cells differentiate into Odontoblasts &
Inner enamel epithelium cells into Ameloblasts. They
deposit Dentin & Enamel respectively, and withdraw
from each other & the DE junction.
The OEE becomes discontinuous & allows entry of cells
from the Dental sac, while the Stellate cells are
withdrawn to make room for the Crown.
When enamel formation is complete, the crown is fully
formed. www.indiandentalacademy.com
9. Root Formation:
Just before the ameloblasts deposit their
matrix, the Cervical loop lengthens due to a
proliferation of cells & forms the Hertwigs
epithelial root sheath (determines no., size &
shape of roots ).
Dentin matrix is deposited against the root
sheath & covered by cementum due to the
invasion of cementoblasts, which eventually
form the PDL .
www.indiandentalacademy.com
10. THEORIES OF
TOOTH ERUPTION
Bone remodeling
Root growth
Vascular pressure
Periodontal ligament traction
www.indiandentalacademy.com
11. BIRTH TO COMPLETE PRIMARY
DENTITION
1ST
INTERTRANSITIONAL PERIOD
1ST
TRANSITIONAL PERIOD
2ND
INTERTRANSITIONAL PERIOD
2ND
TRANSITIONAL PERIOD
ADULT DENTITION
POST-NATAL DEVELOPMENTPOST-NATAL DEVELOPMENT
OF DENTITIONOF DENTITION
www.indiandentalacademy.com
12. BIRTH TO COMPLETE
PRIMARY DENTITION
(Birth- 3yrs)
The tooth buds of all primary teeth are present and in
various stages of development at the time of birth.
About 7 to 8 months after birth, all the teeth except
the 7’s & 8’s are present in some stage of
development.
In a mandible which is less than 1yr of age, a line
drawn along the occlusal surfaces passes through the
condyle suggesting the lack of ramal growth.
By the 1st year, a normal & desirable dentition will
usually exhibit spacing.www.indiandentalacademy.com
13. The 1st primary tooth to erupt is the lower central
incisor between 6&8 months of age, followed by the
U.Centrals, U.Laterals & L.Laterals.
The 1st primary molar erupts by about the 14th
month.
The primary cuspids & 2nd primary molars erupt by
about 2 1/2 yrs of age.
The primary teeth are quite upright whereas the
permanent incisors have a labial inclination & the
permanent posteriors have a mesial tilt.
There is evidence of vertical growth as signified by
the superior positioning of the condyle to the
occlusal plane.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
14. FIRST INTERTRANSITIONAL
PERIOD( 3-6 yrs )
This is the period between the completion of
eruption of Primary dentition & the emergence
of the Permanent teeth.
According to Baume(1950)
Primate Space(Type I Spacing)
Terminal plane
Space for the 6’s is achieved by
Tuberosity apposition in the maxilla.
Ramal resorption in the mandible.
The tooth buds of the 4’s & 5’s begin to form.www.indiandentalacademy.com
15. FIRST TRANSITIONAL
PERIOD( 6-8 yrs )
Eruption of the 1st permanent molars :
The Terminal plane is very important in
determining the interocclusal relationship of
the 1st permanent molars.
-Vertical plane type
-Mesial step type
-Distal step type
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16. Exchange of incisors :
The primary incisors begin to exchange with the
permanent incisors before & after the eruption of the 6’s.
The total sum of the M-D width of the 4 permanent
incisors is > that of the primary incisors by about 7mm in
the maxilla & 5mm in the mandible.
Incisor liability(Mayne 1968 )
-Interdental spacing in primary incisors should exist.
-Intercanine archwidth growth should occur.
- Intercanine archlength should increase through anterior
positioning of the permanent incisors.
-Favourable size ratio between the primary & permanent
teeth. www.indiandentalacademy.com
17. SECOND INTERTRANSITIONAL
PERIOD( 8-10 yrs )
This period is referred to as the “Mixed
Dentition period”/ “Ugly Duckling stage”
( Broadbent 1937 ) .
Vertical dimension of the face increases
thus increasing the alveolus to
accommodate the roots.
Max. Tuberosity& Mand. Ramal activity
makes room for the 7’s.
Max. cuspids are lateral to the nose, mand.
cuspids close to the mand. borders.www.indiandentalacademy.com
18. Premolars are in the bifurcation of
their antecedents with evidence of
their resorption.
The “GABLE EFFECT” :
-The mand. cuspids & bicuspids are
in the shape of a ‘V’, in sequence, in
relation to the occlusal plane.
-The sequence of eruption being
3,4,5 in the mandible, 3 makes its
way much ahead of 4 & 5.
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19. SECOND TRANSITIONAL
PERIOD( 10- 12 yrs )
Here, exchange of teeth occurs between c,d,e &
3,4, 5.
Emergence of 7’s takes place by virtue of increase
in arch-circumference, after the Dental arch upto
6, is established .(mixed to permanent )
During the exchange & emergence, smooth
utilization of “Leeway space” & “Primate space”
takes place.
The sequence of eruption of the lateral teeth in:
Maxilla - 4, 3, 5 ( 3,4,5 /4,5,3 are exceptions ).
Mandible - 3,4, 5. www.indiandentalacademy.com
20. ADULT DENTITION
This is considered to be between 18 & 25 yrs,
when the roots of the permanents are
completed and the 8’s have erupted.
Nose & chin become more prominent to
enhance profile.
Cranio-facial growth gives finishing touches to
the face by pneumatization of the Sinuses &
apposition at the Glabella.
Increase in jaw growth continues ( mandible )
to accommodate the 8’s.www.indiandentalacademy.com
22. General Factors
Skeletal factors :
Conditions that affect jaw growth
are ;
1. Any pathological condition
2. Inherited & acquired congenital
malformation
3. Trauma or infection during the growing
years
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23. The teeth are set in the jaws and hence
jaw relationship will have an influence
on that of the dental arches. Jaw
relationships can be considered as :
1. Jaws in relation to the cranial base
2. Jaws in relation to each other
-Skeletal Cl.I, II & III
-Buccal cross-bite/ lingual occlusion
-High gonial angle-increased V.D
Low gonial angle-decreased V.D
3. Alveolar bone in relation to basal bone
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24. Muscle factors :
Final tooth position is largely governed by muscle
action, particularly muscles of the lips, cheeks &
tongue.
Lip form
Lip activity
Tongue size, resting position & function
Adaptive resting posture or adaptive
swallowing
Endogenous tongue thrust
Thumb & finger sucking
Neutral zone
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25. Dental factors :
The third major factor affecting occlusal
development is the relationship between
the size of the dentition & the size of the
jaws. But it is more realistic to consider
dentition size in relation to the dental
arch size, than to jaw size.
Effects of excessive dentition size
-Overlapping & displacement of teeth
-Impaction of teeth
-Space closure after extractions
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26. Effects of early loss of primary teeth
-Function & oral health
-Over-eruption of opposing teeth
-Psychological effects on child & parent
-Position of permanent teeth
Effects of asymmetric loss of primary
teeth
Space maintenance
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27. Local Factors :
Aberrant developmental position of
individual teeth
-Trauma
-Malposed crown
-Dilacerated root
-Unknown etiology( perm. Max. canines )
Presence of supernumerary teeth
-Supplemental (teeth of normal form )
-Conical (the mesiodens )
-Tuberculate (usually palatal to the upper
centrals, delaying their eruption )
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28. Developmental Hypodontia
Hypodontia can modify the occlusion & position
of the teeth by virtue of its effects on :
-The form of the teeth
-The position of the teeth
-The growth of the jaw
The Upper Labial Frenum
This may cause median diastema. Other possible
causes are :
-Hypodontia
-Supernumerary teeth
-Generalized spacing
-Proclination of upper incisors
-Heredity
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30. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Normal versus Ideal occlusionNormal versus Ideal occlusion
Models of occlusionModels of occlusion
Occlusal Adaptive MechanismsOcclusal Adaptive Mechanisms
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31. Normal vs Ideal occlusion
‘Normal’ implies variations around an
average or mean value
‘Ideal’ connotes a hypothetical
concept or goal
It is perfectly proper and practical to
accept at the end of treatment , an
arrangement of the teeth within the
jaws in positions that are neither ideal
nor normal but may be stable in a
particular person’s face.
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32. Models of occlusion
Occlusion is the common theme of all
branches of dentistry, but the concepts of
occlusion held by practitioners of different
fields are different.
The best occlusion, and hence the best model
of occlusion , is that which adapts best
through time.
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33. Occlusal Adaptive Mechanisms
STAGE DENTITION BONE MUSCULATURE
Developing
dentition
Eruption and
tooth movement
Growth Learning, imprinting
Healthy
adult
dentition
Wear,
extrusion,anterior
component
Repair Supportive occlusal
reflexes
Deteriorating
adult
dentition
Reconstructive
dentistry
Resorption
pathology
Traumatic occlusal
reflexes: protective
occlusal responses
Edentulous
adult
Prosthetic
dentistry
Resorption Loss of sensory input
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