This document provides an overview of plant development patterns in flowering plants. It discusses developmental strategies of plants including that plant cells do not migrate and life cycles involve diploid and haploid multicellular stages. It also describes parts of flowers like the ABC model of flower development. Reproductive structures in flowering plants like being monoecious or dioecious are explained. The document further summarizes gamete production in angiosperms involving haploid and diploid stages. Key processes like pollination, fertilization, and embryogenesis leading to the establishment of basic body plans in plants are outlined in less than 3 sentences.

2. EVOLUTION OF DEVELOPMENTAL
PATTERNS IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
BY
D.ELANGO
M.Sc-BIOTECHNOLOGY
PERIYARUNIVERSITY.
SALEM.

4. AN OVERVIEW OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENTAL STRATEGY OF PLANTS
Plant cells do not migrate
Stationary organism
Trapped with rigid cellulose
Prevent cell and tissue migration
Plants have sporophytic meiosis
Meiosis in plant produces spores ,not gametes
Gametes produces mitotic division following meiosis
Life cycle
Diploid & Haploid multi cellular stages
Referred as alternation of generations

5. PARTS OF FLOWER

6. ABC MODEL OF FLOWER DEVELOPMENT

8. DEVELOPMENT IN FLOWERING PLANTS
Monoecious
Angiosperms contain both male and female parts in
same plant.(corns & cucumbers )
Many monoecious even have male& female parts in
same flower.(Apples, plums and tomatoes )
Dioecious
In this plants, the male and females organs are on
different individuals (Date palms and Figs ).
Some individuals are male (pollen produces).
Some are females (fruit producers).

9. OVERVIEW

10. GAMETE PRODUCTION IN ANGIOSPERMS
Plants have both multicellular haploid and multicellular diploid
stages in their life cycles.
HAPLODIPLONTIC LIFE CYCLE
Diploid sporophyte cells undergo meiosis to produce haploid
spores .
Each spores goes to mitotic divisions to yeild haploid
gametopyhte .
Angiosperms contain two type of spores.
Megaspores – Female gametophytes
Microspores - Male gametophytes.

11. POLLEN OVARY

12. POLLINATION
 Pollination refers to the landing and subsequent
germination of the pollen on the stigma.
 Hence it involves an interaction between gametophytic
generation of male and sporophytic generation of the
female.
 96 % plants species are produce male and female
gametophytes on the same plant.
 Staminate – lack carpels (female parts absent).
 Carpellate – lack stamens (Male parts absent).

13. FERTILIZATION
 Growing pollen tubes enters the embryo sac
through the micropyle and grows through one of
the synergic cells .
 Two sperm cells are released and double
fertilization event occurs.
 One sperm cell fuses with egg to produces
zygote (develop sporopyte).
 Second sperm cell fuses with multinucleated cell
(develop endosperm).

14. EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT

15. EMBRYOGENESIS
Embryogenesis covers development from the time of
fertilization upto dormancy occurs.
To establish body basic plan.
Radial patterning:
Produses three tissue system
1.Dermal tissue
2. Ground tissue
3.Vascular tissue
Axial patterning
Establish the apical-basal axis
Root & Shoot