As a part of mung bean variety development programme, several local green seeded mung bean varieties were brought to BARDC (BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre) during the year 2000. These germplasms were evaluated accordingly, and 2 yellow seed bearing plants were isolated through selection and found to be distinctly different from the green seeded genetic stocks collected from Meherpur. One of them had larger golden yellow coloured grains and was given the name as YS-I while the other was YS-II having small sized yellow grains. Comprehensive screening and further evaluation of these two yellow seeded strains, YS-I was found to be a relatively determinate and short duration line while YS-II was identified as an indeterminate type line having longer crop duration. After several years of generation advancement through constant selfing YS-I was established as a promising early maturing yellow seeded short duration line. Following rigorous and continuous selection it was improved further and through multilocation adaptive trial this line was also found to be very promising. Field demonstration trials of YS-I also brought positive feedback since it matures earlier than other commercial varieties and it has a very good attractive golden colored seed besides its tolerance to cercospora leaf spot and MYMV (Mung bean Yellow Mosaic Virus) disease. Along with better eating quality proximate analysis revealed the fact that YS-I is a variety having low fat content compared to green seeded variety BARImung-5 & BINAmung-7. #suggested my youtube video link on yellow seeded mung bean:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwAeo_QHGRI&t=110s #Another video on mung bean: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3qS2hX0lxM&t=3s
Watermelon cultivation in Bangladesh has gained momentum significantly in Bangladesh for the last 2-3 decades particularly with the introduction of hybrid varieties as farmers are getting more profit by cultivating these improved varieties. Not only these hybrid varieties are ensuring better production, these varieties are producing high quality fruits having bigger size, excellent colour, and more sweet & have crispy flesh with fewer seeds. With the increasing demand in the country, watermelons are now being cultivated in Bangladesh in the off season too and besides normal cultivation watermelons are now being cultivated on trellis as well. To popularize watermelon cultivation, BRAC started research on watermelon during the year 2002-2003. So far BRAC has released 6 improved varieties for commercial cultivation. And during the last year i.e. in the year 2018-19 BRAC has sold 130 kg of watermelon seeds of those varieties to the growers. It can be mentioned here that these BRAC varieties are very popular among the growers and also to the consumers. In this presentation a brief idea on BRAC Watermelon Research has been described. #To enjoy my you tube video on watermelon please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw2m0OrLP2g
There is a popular saying in Bangladesh ’Sali Dhaner Chira ar Binny Dhaner Khoi ‘ (flattened rice of ‘Sali Dhan’ & puffed rice of ‘Binny Dhan’). Actually those days are gone by when there was a golden period of ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi’ in the rural Bengal and ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi’ is now very rare in Bangladesh. But an effort was made to cultivate ‘Binny Dhan’ in this year during the Amon season and home made puffed rice of ‘Binny dhan’ has been prepared from the cultivated rice. Very good quality ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi‘was obtained from this scented special type of rice as its taste is delicious and has fine aroma. Although the yield was relatively lower as the crop suffered from lodging but this variety is a unique for making nice quality ‘Khoi’ (puffed rice) which are very much suitable for eating after fasting and for those people who wants to control diet. Moreover, for the elderly people and for children it is a unique type of snacks. Besides ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi‘ is also a very good item used and solde in different festivals. But research effort is needed to make it a high yielding and good quality variety as now a days there is a very good demand of ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi ‘in the super shops of major cities of Bangladesh as well. # To enjoy my you tube video on scented rice variety ' Tulshi mala' please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wOiU8V8W6Rw
# To enjoy more videos on rice follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JaT3UVfJ8rI
#And to enjoy my you tube video on wheat cultivation in Bangladesh follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2nw5xEoRBc&t=3s
Considering the huge demand of a high yielding spinach variety in the market; ‘Sufola palong’- an improved quality spinach variety has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through selection. It is a very fast growing high yielding spinach variety and fresh spinach can be harvested within 36-37 DAS. This high quality spinach has high vigour, broad thicker soft tastier leaves with nice flavour and also has a very good uniformity rate. Since the yield of this improved quality spinach is much higher than the traditional variety (20-22 Mt/ha) and seed production performance of the newly developed spinach variety is excellent Bangladeshi vegetable growers are now cultivating ‘Sufola palong’ regularly with good enthusiasm and earning a huge profit by growing this novel variety. This high yielding spinach variety can also be grown in the summer season. Besides normal harvesting, its leaves can be harvested sequentially following cut-and-come-again method and its high quality leaves can be harvested 3-4 times from the same plot from one time sowing of seeds in the early part of the season. Good quality seeds can also be harvested from these excised plants if these regrown plants are allowed to maintain after bolting. #For more information please follow the link of my you tube video on spinach: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF3_V5Cf8JY&t=79s #and more videos on spinach: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwAAeCJDHxg&t=9s
For the past ten years BRAC scientists have developed a good no. of varieties in several horticultural crops and a few technologies have also been generated in its research centre (BARDC) a brief summary of which has been presented under the title. #suggested link of my you tube video on commercial cultivation of hybrid pumpkin:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa-EtqcuBMc&t=10s
Activities of Vegetable Sector of BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre, Bangladesh have been described. #suggested link of my you tube video on red spinach: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijF78rwhaY&t=52s another link of yellow seeded mung bean: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7iEszjkUab4&t=8s
Considering the huge demand of a high yielding spinach variety in the market; ‘Sufola palong’- an improved quality spinach variety has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through selection. It is a very fast growing high yielding spinach variety and fresh spinach can be harvested within 36-37 DAS. This high quality spinach has high vigour, broad thicker soft tastier leaves with nice flavour and also has a very good uniformity rate. Since the yield of this improved quality spinach is much higher than the traditional variety (20-22 Mt/ha) and seed production performance of the newly developed spinach variety is excellent Bangladeshi vegetable growers are now cultivating ‘Sufola palong’ regularly with good enthusiasm and earning a huge profit by growing this novel variety. This high yielding spinach variety can also be grown in the summer season. Besides normal harvesting, its leaves can be harvested sequentially following cut-and-come-again method and its high quality leaves can be harvested 3-4 times from the same plot from one time sowing of seeds in the early part of the season. Good quality seeds can also be harvested from these excised plants if these regrown plants are allowed to maintain after bolting. # To enjoy my you tube video on spinach please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwAAeCJDHxg&t=9s
Increased Potential of Protein Content of Waxy CornIJEAB
The purpose of this research is to gain a potentially waxy corn strains of high protein content. Specific targets to be achieved in this study are promising lines of F1 that have potentially sticky and high protein content. The method used is cross-pollinated plant breeding methods, the hybridization between maize Variety of Srikandi Putih (♀) and the Local Waxy Corn (♂). Characters F1 compared to corn Variety of Srikandi Putih and the Local Waxy Corn. The results showed that character of plant height, number of leaves, and leaf area are higher in Srikandi Putih Variety compared to Local Waxy Corn but age flowering male and female Local Waxy Corn faster than Srikandi Putih Variety. Character length of ear, diameter of ear, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight plant-1 and protein content higher in Srikandi Putih compared to Local Waxy Corn. F1 values on all observation characteristic of plant height, leaf number, leaf area, male and female flowering age, ear length, ear diameter, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight plant-1 and protein content were generally among the values of Srikandi Putih Variety and Local Waxy Corn.
Watermelon cultivation in Bangladesh has gained momentum significantly in Bangladesh for the last 2-3 decades particularly with the introduction of hybrid varieties as farmers are getting more profit by cultivating these improved varieties. Not only these hybrid varieties are ensuring better production, these varieties are producing high quality fruits having bigger size, excellent colour, and more sweet & have crispy flesh with fewer seeds. With the increasing demand in the country, watermelons are now being cultivated in Bangladesh in the off season too and besides normal cultivation watermelons are now being cultivated on trellis as well. To popularize watermelon cultivation, BRAC started research on watermelon during the year 2002-2003. So far BRAC has released 6 improved varieties for commercial cultivation. And during the last year i.e. in the year 2018-19 BRAC has sold 130 kg of watermelon seeds of those varieties to the growers. It can be mentioned here that these BRAC varieties are very popular among the growers and also to the consumers. In this presentation a brief idea on BRAC Watermelon Research has been described. #To enjoy my you tube video on watermelon please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw2m0OrLP2g
There is a popular saying in Bangladesh ’Sali Dhaner Chira ar Binny Dhaner Khoi ‘ (flattened rice of ‘Sali Dhan’ & puffed rice of ‘Binny Dhan’). Actually those days are gone by when there was a golden period of ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi’ in the rural Bengal and ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi’ is now very rare in Bangladesh. But an effort was made to cultivate ‘Binny Dhan’ in this year during the Amon season and home made puffed rice of ‘Binny dhan’ has been prepared from the cultivated rice. Very good quality ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi‘was obtained from this scented special type of rice as its taste is delicious and has fine aroma. Although the yield was relatively lower as the crop suffered from lodging but this variety is a unique for making nice quality ‘Khoi’ (puffed rice) which are very much suitable for eating after fasting and for those people who wants to control diet. Moreover, for the elderly people and for children it is a unique type of snacks. Besides ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi‘ is also a very good item used and solde in different festivals. But research effort is needed to make it a high yielding and good quality variety as now a days there is a very good demand of ‘Binny Dhaner Khoi ‘in the super shops of major cities of Bangladesh as well. # To enjoy my you tube video on scented rice variety ' Tulshi mala' please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wOiU8V8W6Rw
# To enjoy more videos on rice follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JaT3UVfJ8rI
#And to enjoy my you tube video on wheat cultivation in Bangladesh follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2nw5xEoRBc&t=3s
Considering the huge demand of a high yielding spinach variety in the market; ‘Sufola palong’- an improved quality spinach variety has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through selection. It is a very fast growing high yielding spinach variety and fresh spinach can be harvested within 36-37 DAS. This high quality spinach has high vigour, broad thicker soft tastier leaves with nice flavour and also has a very good uniformity rate. Since the yield of this improved quality spinach is much higher than the traditional variety (20-22 Mt/ha) and seed production performance of the newly developed spinach variety is excellent Bangladeshi vegetable growers are now cultivating ‘Sufola palong’ regularly with good enthusiasm and earning a huge profit by growing this novel variety. This high yielding spinach variety can also be grown in the summer season. Besides normal harvesting, its leaves can be harvested sequentially following cut-and-come-again method and its high quality leaves can be harvested 3-4 times from the same plot from one time sowing of seeds in the early part of the season. Good quality seeds can also be harvested from these excised plants if these regrown plants are allowed to maintain after bolting. #For more information please follow the link of my you tube video on spinach: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF3_V5Cf8JY&t=79s #and more videos on spinach: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwAAeCJDHxg&t=9s
For the past ten years BRAC scientists have developed a good no. of varieties in several horticultural crops and a few technologies have also been generated in its research centre (BARDC) a brief summary of which has been presented under the title. #suggested link of my you tube video on commercial cultivation of hybrid pumpkin:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa-EtqcuBMc&t=10s
Activities of Vegetable Sector of BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre, Bangladesh have been described. #suggested link of my you tube video on red spinach: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijF78rwhaY&t=52s another link of yellow seeded mung bean: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7iEszjkUab4&t=8s
Considering the huge demand of a high yielding spinach variety in the market; ‘Sufola palong’- an improved quality spinach variety has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through selection. It is a very fast growing high yielding spinach variety and fresh spinach can be harvested within 36-37 DAS. This high quality spinach has high vigour, broad thicker soft tastier leaves with nice flavour and also has a very good uniformity rate. Since the yield of this improved quality spinach is much higher than the traditional variety (20-22 Mt/ha) and seed production performance of the newly developed spinach variety is excellent Bangladeshi vegetable growers are now cultivating ‘Sufola palong’ regularly with good enthusiasm and earning a huge profit by growing this novel variety. This high yielding spinach variety can also be grown in the summer season. Besides normal harvesting, its leaves can be harvested sequentially following cut-and-come-again method and its high quality leaves can be harvested 3-4 times from the same plot from one time sowing of seeds in the early part of the season. Good quality seeds can also be harvested from these excised plants if these regrown plants are allowed to maintain after bolting. # To enjoy my you tube video on spinach please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwAAeCJDHxg&t=9s
Increased Potential of Protein Content of Waxy CornIJEAB
The purpose of this research is to gain a potentially waxy corn strains of high protein content. Specific targets to be achieved in this study are promising lines of F1 that have potentially sticky and high protein content. The method used is cross-pollinated plant breeding methods, the hybridization between maize Variety of Srikandi Putih (♀) and the Local Waxy Corn (♂). Characters F1 compared to corn Variety of Srikandi Putih and the Local Waxy Corn. The results showed that character of plant height, number of leaves, and leaf area are higher in Srikandi Putih Variety compared to Local Waxy Corn but age flowering male and female Local Waxy Corn faster than Srikandi Putih Variety. Character length of ear, diameter of ear, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight plant-1 and protein content higher in Srikandi Putih compared to Local Waxy Corn. F1 values on all observation characteristic of plant height, leaf number, leaf area, male and female flowering age, ear length, ear diameter, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight plant-1 and protein content were generally among the values of Srikandi Putih Variety and Local Waxy Corn.
Considering the huge demand of a high yielding spinach variety in the market; ‘Sufola palong’- an improved quality spinach variety has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through selection. It is a very fast growing high yielding spinach variety and fresh spinach can be harvested within 36-37 DAS. This high quality spinach has high vigour, broad thicker soft tastier leaves with nice flavour and also has a very good uniformity rate. Since the yield of this improved quality spinach is much higher than the traditional variety (20-22 Mt/ha) and seed production performance of the newly developed spinach variety is excellent Bangladeshi vegetable growers are now cultivating ‘Sufola palong’ regularly with good enthusiasm and earning a huge profit by growing this novel variety. This high yielding spinach variety can also be grown in the summer season. Besides normal harvesting, its leaves can be harvested sequentially following cut-and-come-again method and its high quality leaves can be harvested 3-4 times from the same plot from one time sowing of seeds in the early part of the season. Good quality seeds can also be harvested from these excised plants if these regrown plants are allowed to maintain after bolting. #Please my you tube video on research on spinach at BARDC following the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF3_V5Cf8JY&t=79s #and another video on spinach harvesting from balcony garden following Cut-and-come-again practice: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gh7bZRd74y0&t=136s
Ash gourd is a very popular vegetable in Bangladesh but considering other type of gourds very few commercial hybrid ash gourds are available in the seed market of Bangladesh therefore an attempt was made to develop a suitable F1 hybrid for the vegetable growers of Bangladesh at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre (BARDC) using its active germplasms. After systematic collecting and evaluating germplasms suitable promising inbreds were selected based on their desirable characteristic features. These probable parents were crossed reciprocally and the F1 hybrid of Dinajpur X BARDC was found to be suitable as this hybrid exhibited good vigour with excellent vine spreading habit and produced high degree of femaleness with good fruit setting performance. Its fruits were oblong type with good shape & size and the quality of marketable size young fruits were very attractive. Compared to check variety this hybrid was found to be tolerant to mosaic virus disease and its yield was also found to be satisfactory as its yield was recorded 94.44 % higher than the check variety ‘Jupiter’. Taste of its marketable size young fruits were very good and had relatively small quantity of seeds in its fruit. #To enjoy my video on pumpkin please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa-EtqcuBMc&t=10s
Yardlong bean is a very common delicious legume vegetable grown in Bangladesh both for domestic consumption and for the exporting of vegetable items to the foreign super markets. Since it can be grown in our country almost throughout the year- this popular vegetable has enormous importance within the country and in the upstream markets as well. A pink coloured yardlong bean variety ‘Shova’ has been developed in BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through hybridization between an exotic variety and local yardlong bean varieties. This pink coloured yardlong bean variety is an almost year-round variety and its yield in the actual growing season has been recorded as 10-11 Mt/ha. Its anthocyanin rich pink coloured tender fruits are 45-46 cm long and individual pod wt. is around 34-35gm. Good uniformity in its pod size and shape was observed and this yard long variety was found to be tolerant to major disease and insect attacks as well. Unlike green type yardlong bean varieties its plot looks very beautiful at the fruiting stage due to its huge no. of attractive pink coloured fruits. Owing to its decorative pod colour, pink coloured yardlong bean variety increases sales rate of traditional type green fruited yardlong beans when these pink colored fruits are inserted into the bunch of green fruited beans. Its thicker fleshy fruits are non-fibrous and has good taste. Consumption of pink coloured yardlong bean along with the green type ensures more nutrition to the cooked food items of yardlong bean. #To enjoy my you tube video on extra early season cucumber cultivation in Bangladesh please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c9T5kHpjhe0
Bangladesh has a very good agroclimatic condition suitable for growing different vegetable crops. Its people are fond of vegetables as well. Normally in male dominated society of Bangladesh men are involved in the production of fresh vegetables and their seeds while women are involved in the post harvest operations. But situations are changing very fast and now women are becoming more and more involved in the other type of activities besides their traditional type of household works. vegetable gardening in the homestead areas is one of them. To operate home garden availability of good quality seeds is an important step. And if women become involve in the production of vegetable seeds it will be easier to collect vegetable seeds for ladies from the women entrepreneurs.Therefore, in this particular presentation different aspect of the importance of women entrepreneurship in the small scale vegetable seed production has been discussed. #suggested my you tube video link of bottle gourd cultivation in balcony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K1licWC0a2M&t=4s #and spinach cultivation in balcony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwAAeCJDHxg&t=9s
An improved type good quality kangkong advance line ‘Red stem kangkong’ has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre (BARDC) through the hybridization between an exotic white flowered kangkong variety (Philippino variety) and a local light purple flowered variety. This improved variety is characterized by excellent vigour, faster growth, reddish stem, good spreading, higher rate of sprout production after each harvesting, light purple coloured flower, tolerant to major diseases, good adaptability and higher production of fresh vegetable & seed yield. Its fresh vegetable production has been recorded as 11-12 Mt/acre in the monsoon season. Its seed production is also profitable as 400 – 450 kg/acre of good quality seeds can be obtained and high percentage of seed germination can be ensured during the cultivation of this new kangkong variety. Due to its nice flavour, good taste and ‘Deshi’ (traditional type) type appearance, it created a good market demand in the leafy vegetable market. Its roof top or balcony cultivation is also easy and cultivating this ‘Red stem kangkong’ variety in balcony dual purpose can be served i.e. safe fresh vegetable can be consumed regularly and side by side its aesthetic beauty can be enjoyed like an ornamental plant.
#Suggested my you tube video link on growing kankong in balcony as ornamental plant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbqpDc2iGMk
#Another link of my you tube video on the cultivation of newly developed kang kong variety: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGsLyesBPBs&t=106s
Both pre and post harvest management of some vegetable crops & important related issues have been described in this presentation. Different pre and post harvest management techniques were followed to obtain high quality vegetable seed. The benefits of growing indigenous vegetables have also been described in this presentation. #suggested links of my you tube video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6pUFVWX6hw&t=3s and another video link :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qV1yX347jeA
In a Bengali proverb there is a wise saying 'Age dorshon dhari pore gun bichari' (i.e. to be nice to look at first and then make a judgement on its quality). Based on the proverb, a few colourful vegetable varieties have been developed at BARDC (BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre), Gazipur, Bangladesh. Coloured vegetables plays a very important role when these vegetables are included in our regular diet. These colourful vegetables not only have the decorative value but also have the nutritional value as well. In Bangladesh red okra, red spinach, white pumpkin, purple hot pepper, red yard long bean has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre and preliminary investigation revealed that these vegetables have increased level of anthocyanin, carotene, iron, sulphur etc. However, more research is needed before releasing them into the market. #Suggested link of my you tube video on colourful vegetable variety development:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijF78rwhaY&t=52s
GPB 311: RICE-Centre of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives and major breeding objectives and procedures for development of varieties and hybrids for improvement yield, adoptability, stability, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and quality of Rice crop.
Considering the huge demand of a high yielding spinach variety in the market; ‘Sufola palong’- an improved quality spinach variety has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through selection. It is a very fast growing high yielding spinach variety and fresh spinach can be harvested within 36-37 DAS. This high quality spinach has high vigour, broad thicker soft tastier leaves with nice flavour and also has a very good uniformity rate. Since the yield of this improved quality spinach is much higher than the traditional variety (20-22 Mt/ha) and seed production performance of the newly developed spinach variety is excellent Bangladeshi vegetable growers are now cultivating ‘Sufola palong’ regularly with good enthusiasm and earning a huge profit by growing this novel variety. This high yielding spinach variety can also be grown in the summer season. Besides normal harvesting, its leaves can be harvested sequentially following cut-and-come-again method and its high quality leaves can be harvested 3-4 times from the same plot from one time sowing of seeds in the early part of the season. Good quality seeds can also be harvested from these excised plants if these regrown plants are allowed to maintain after bolting. #Please my you tube video on research on spinach at BARDC following the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF3_V5Cf8JY&t=79s #and another video on spinach harvesting from balcony garden following Cut-and-come-again practice: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gh7bZRd74y0&t=136s
Ash gourd is a very popular vegetable in Bangladesh but considering other type of gourds very few commercial hybrid ash gourds are available in the seed market of Bangladesh therefore an attempt was made to develop a suitable F1 hybrid for the vegetable growers of Bangladesh at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre (BARDC) using its active germplasms. After systematic collecting and evaluating germplasms suitable promising inbreds were selected based on their desirable characteristic features. These probable parents were crossed reciprocally and the F1 hybrid of Dinajpur X BARDC was found to be suitable as this hybrid exhibited good vigour with excellent vine spreading habit and produced high degree of femaleness with good fruit setting performance. Its fruits were oblong type with good shape & size and the quality of marketable size young fruits were very attractive. Compared to check variety this hybrid was found to be tolerant to mosaic virus disease and its yield was also found to be satisfactory as its yield was recorded 94.44 % higher than the check variety ‘Jupiter’. Taste of its marketable size young fruits were very good and had relatively small quantity of seeds in its fruit. #To enjoy my video on pumpkin please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa-EtqcuBMc&t=10s
Yardlong bean is a very common delicious legume vegetable grown in Bangladesh both for domestic consumption and for the exporting of vegetable items to the foreign super markets. Since it can be grown in our country almost throughout the year- this popular vegetable has enormous importance within the country and in the upstream markets as well. A pink coloured yardlong bean variety ‘Shova’ has been developed in BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre through hybridization between an exotic variety and local yardlong bean varieties. This pink coloured yardlong bean variety is an almost year-round variety and its yield in the actual growing season has been recorded as 10-11 Mt/ha. Its anthocyanin rich pink coloured tender fruits are 45-46 cm long and individual pod wt. is around 34-35gm. Good uniformity in its pod size and shape was observed and this yard long variety was found to be tolerant to major disease and insect attacks as well. Unlike green type yardlong bean varieties its plot looks very beautiful at the fruiting stage due to its huge no. of attractive pink coloured fruits. Owing to its decorative pod colour, pink coloured yardlong bean variety increases sales rate of traditional type green fruited yardlong beans when these pink colored fruits are inserted into the bunch of green fruited beans. Its thicker fleshy fruits are non-fibrous and has good taste. Consumption of pink coloured yardlong bean along with the green type ensures more nutrition to the cooked food items of yardlong bean. #To enjoy my you tube video on extra early season cucumber cultivation in Bangladesh please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c9T5kHpjhe0
Bangladesh has a very good agroclimatic condition suitable for growing different vegetable crops. Its people are fond of vegetables as well. Normally in male dominated society of Bangladesh men are involved in the production of fresh vegetables and their seeds while women are involved in the post harvest operations. But situations are changing very fast and now women are becoming more and more involved in the other type of activities besides their traditional type of household works. vegetable gardening in the homestead areas is one of them. To operate home garden availability of good quality seeds is an important step. And if women become involve in the production of vegetable seeds it will be easier to collect vegetable seeds for ladies from the women entrepreneurs.Therefore, in this particular presentation different aspect of the importance of women entrepreneurship in the small scale vegetable seed production has been discussed. #suggested my you tube video link of bottle gourd cultivation in balcony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K1licWC0a2M&t=4s #and spinach cultivation in balcony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwAAeCJDHxg&t=9s
An improved type good quality kangkong advance line ‘Red stem kangkong’ has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre (BARDC) through the hybridization between an exotic white flowered kangkong variety (Philippino variety) and a local light purple flowered variety. This improved variety is characterized by excellent vigour, faster growth, reddish stem, good spreading, higher rate of sprout production after each harvesting, light purple coloured flower, tolerant to major diseases, good adaptability and higher production of fresh vegetable & seed yield. Its fresh vegetable production has been recorded as 11-12 Mt/acre in the monsoon season. Its seed production is also profitable as 400 – 450 kg/acre of good quality seeds can be obtained and high percentage of seed germination can be ensured during the cultivation of this new kangkong variety. Due to its nice flavour, good taste and ‘Deshi’ (traditional type) type appearance, it created a good market demand in the leafy vegetable market. Its roof top or balcony cultivation is also easy and cultivating this ‘Red stem kangkong’ variety in balcony dual purpose can be served i.e. safe fresh vegetable can be consumed regularly and side by side its aesthetic beauty can be enjoyed like an ornamental plant.
#Suggested my you tube video link on growing kankong in balcony as ornamental plant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbqpDc2iGMk
#Another link of my you tube video on the cultivation of newly developed kang kong variety: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGsLyesBPBs&t=106s
Both pre and post harvest management of some vegetable crops & important related issues have been described in this presentation. Different pre and post harvest management techniques were followed to obtain high quality vegetable seed. The benefits of growing indigenous vegetables have also been described in this presentation. #suggested links of my you tube video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6pUFVWX6hw&t=3s and another video link :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qV1yX347jeA
In a Bengali proverb there is a wise saying 'Age dorshon dhari pore gun bichari' (i.e. to be nice to look at first and then make a judgement on its quality). Based on the proverb, a few colourful vegetable varieties have been developed at BARDC (BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre), Gazipur, Bangladesh. Coloured vegetables plays a very important role when these vegetables are included in our regular diet. These colourful vegetables not only have the decorative value but also have the nutritional value as well. In Bangladesh red okra, red spinach, white pumpkin, purple hot pepper, red yard long bean has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre and preliminary investigation revealed that these vegetables have increased level of anthocyanin, carotene, iron, sulphur etc. However, more research is needed before releasing them into the market. #Suggested link of my you tube video on colourful vegetable variety development:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijF78rwhaY&t=52s
GPB 311: RICE-Centre of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives and major breeding objectives and procedures for development of varieties and hybrids for improvement yield, adoptability, stability, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and quality of Rice crop.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Plant breeding, its objective and historical development- pre and post mendel...Avinash Kumar
ppt for 1st chapter of plant breeding. it includes defination & objectives of plant breeding, role & challanges of plant breeeders and historical development
Pumpkin belong to the family cucurbitaceae is an important vegetable grown widely in Bangladesh. Its fruits, vines, flowers as well as seeds are extensively consumed by the Bangladeshi people and this is why pumpkins are cultivated as commercial as well as home garden vegetables in every part of this country. Although it is believed that originally its fruits were not sweeter and tasty rather they were bitter in taste and a mutation in the early phase of its domestication has changed its bitter taste into present day’s pumpkin which is not only sweeter in taste but also tasty. In Bangladesh generally it is grown in the Rabi season as relatively shorter day length and moderate temperature is required to induce female flowering and high temperature inhibits the production of female flower. Even though pumpkins are usually cultivated commercially by constructing beds in the open field but trellis grown pumpkin or pumpkin grown on roof tops or on bigger trees are also common in the homestead areas of Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, it is also grown as intercrop and after potato harvesting sweet gourd cultivation is very common in the northern part of Bangladesh. At present, both open pollinated and hybrid pumpkin varieties are being cultivated by the Bangladeshi pumpkin growers but the price rate of F1 hybrid is much higher than the open pollinated varieties and seeds of the hybrid varieties cannot be utilized for pumpkin cultivation in the successive years. Considering the importance of pumpkins in Bangladesh as well as its demand in other countries BRAC started a pumpkin variety development program during the year 2000 and so far one open pollinated variety of pumpkin has been released for commercial cultivation by BRAC Agricultural Research and Development Centre. And the history of the newly developed open pollinated variety ”Barmashi” has been elaborated in this communication. #To enjoy my you tube video on hybrid pumpkin cultivation please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa-EtqcuBMc&t=10s
BRAC- the largest NGO of the world started its own pulse program during the year 2000 to address the issues related to pulse cultivation in Bangladesh and increase the pulse grain production in Bangladesh significantly. Side by side to reduce the poverty and malnutrition BRAC also wanted to contribute more through its pulse program.Three main types of activities such as variety screening, variety development and seed production are being performed in BRAC pulse program and the target pulse crops are mung bean, lentil, pea, cow pea, chick pea etc.Along with the screening of varieties of different pulse crops, several good quality advance lines of mung bean and cow pea have also been developed. Constraints and prospects of of pulse crop cultivation in Bangladesh have also been discussed. #Suggested links of my you tube video on lentil cultivation:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3DfknzVx_c #and another video on mung bean: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjyXXQkO4n8&t=1s
by Marco Felix Valdez
April 7, 2019
The purpose of this variety trial is to provide measurement by collecting data of the different varieties of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in terms of growth performance, provided with minimum management practices.
Pumpkin is a very popular vegetable crop grown widely in Bagladesh.It is grown both as commercial vegetable as well as home garden vegetable.Although it is normally cultivated by preparing beds but trellis cultivation and roof top cultivation of pumpkin is also common in Bangladesh. As pumpkin can be stored for 4 to 5 months easily and can be sold at higher price during the off season, local people have also established common store house for preserving pumpkin at few places of Bangladesh. Since during the harvesting period market glut situations occur this is why the pumpkin growers usually preserve their produces in the commonn store house and sell them when the price of pumpkins become higher. Being a very productive and nutritious crop and has storing advantage huge quantity of pumpkins are cultivated in Bagladesh every year.Considering the importance of pumpkin BRAC started a pumpkin variety development program at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre, Gazipur and an Open Pollinated variety 'Baromashi' has been released for commercial production very recently. This pumpkin variety is performing very well within the country and in the African soil as well. #Suggested my you tube video link of hybrid pumpkin cultivation:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pa-EtqcuBMc&t=10s
Onion is an important field crop and it is widely cultivated as a spice crop in Bangladesh. The major onion growing districts in Bangladesh are Rajshahi, Faridpur, Pabna, Meherpur, Kushtia, Magura, Bogura, Rangpur, Thakurgaon, Dinajpur, Jamalpur etc. Although different types of improved onion varieties are cultivated here in this country but the two popular local varieties namely ‘Taherpuri’ and ‘Faridpuri’ have good market demand in the market due to their good bulb shape, size, taste, flavour, pungency and storability. However, no improvement of these 2 varieties have been done so far as a result the yield of these 2 local varieties is poor and the bulb quality has been deteriorated significantly. Among these 2 popular varieties, in an effort to improve the variety ‘Taherpuri’; bulb samples of local ‘Taherpuri’ variety were collected and after following a series of breeding steps finally the improvement of the local stock has been made at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre. It has been released as ‘Improved Taherpuri’ onion variety which is characterized by excellent plant vigour, good uniformity rate, larger bulb size having good taste and storability. Its yield has been recorded as 10-12 Mt/acre with better bulb shape, size, bulb wt. (bulb wt. 40-45gm) and good bulb quality as well. Desirable quantity of good quality seeds was also obtained from the newly developed improved variety. #To enjoy my you tube video on onion seed production please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KGbLuxvsVT4&t=98s
Yardlong bean is a very popular leguminous vegetable of Bangladesh. Its different coloured tender fruits are used either as stir fried food item or in the soup or in curry. It is cultivated both in the home gardens as well as commercially.Since it can be grown almost round the year there is very good market of yardlong bean in this country and now a days commercial vegetable growers are cultivating yard long bean widely as they earn a big profit by selling this vegetable in the kitchen market. Considering the importance of yardlong bean BRAC started research work on yardlong bean nearly 2 decades ago and so far developed a good no. of advance lines which are likely to be released for commercial cultivation. Breeding techniques of the development of new yardlong bean lines and major characteristics of the advance lines have been described in this article. #Suggested my you tube video link on similar leguminous crop cow pea: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6W14IeCUS0&t=22s
Study in respect to origin distribution of species –wild relatives- and forms of breeding objectives –major breeding procedure for development of hybrids varieties in wheat
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an important spice crop of Bangladesh. It is cultivated usually in the winter season. Its cultivation is also easy and require less investment and labour. Although there are a good number of varieties available in Bangladesh, keeping quality of these varieties is not better than a traditional variety ' Taherpuri'. Hence, variety improvement program of 'Taherpuri' was launched at BARDC few years back and an "Improved Taherpuri" onion variety has been delveoped very recently by the BRAC scientists which have excellent size, shape, colour, taste and good storage quality. #suggested link of my you tube video on onion seed production: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KGbLuxvsVT4&t=98s
Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of Bangladesh and very recent successful operation of regular sustainable commercial vegetable cultivation of its horticulture division has given a new dimension to the Agriculture Sector in strengthening economy of this country. Considering the importance of horticultural crops in shaping the country’s socio-economic as well as cultural status, poverty eradication and ensuring nutritional security BRAC intervened into this horticultural sector of Bangladesh and started its vegetable seed distribution program to its beneficiaries after independence during the year 1972 to engage more people particularly the women into this vital sector. Gradually BRAC started vegetable seed production program and to provide support to the vegetable sector BRAC launched its variety development program in its own research and development center BARDC (BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre). Along with other advantages which favours seed trading, since vegetable seed business is a round the year trade and the high priced vegetable seed usually occupy relatively smaller area during storage it also facilitate seed industry development in the country and BRAC also gave importance to the vegetable sector to involve itself in the seed business. As an NGO, undeniably it may be argued that it is quite ridiculous that BRAC has established a research section for the improvement of horticultural crops but it is interesting to note that through this research activities BRAC has played a very vital role not only in producing best quality vegetable seed within the country but also played a significant role in promoting and popularizing vegetable cultivation in Bangladesh. Besides absorbing a good no. of agriculturalists, botanists and other skilled persons in its agriculture sector every year BRAC is also helping to control the unemployment problem of Bangladesh as well.
# To enjoy my you tube video on red spinach please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijF78rwhaY&t=57s
Searching high yielding durum wheat genotype (s) through the assessment of th...Open Access Research Paper
Until any variety of durum wheat was released in Bangladesh. However, its demand increases in the country for its prepared quality of macaroni and pasta, and multidimensional uses. In fact, Bangladesh meets up the need of durum wheat completely importing from the foreign countries. Fifty genotypes of durum wheat were evaluated to search out a high yielding genotype (s) whereas BDW8 advanced line was used as check. Each genotype/entry (E) was sown in a plot (6 rows having each row 2.5m length) maintaining 20cm spacing between two rows. The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. In the study, the genotype E-726 demonstrated the highest spikes m-2, grain spike-1, thousand grain weight (TGW) and grain yield than other genotypes whereas E-708 stood the second position regarding these yield and yield contributing attributes followed by E-725 while BDW8 line exhibited grain yield only 5.67 t ha-1. Oppositely, the lowest grain yield was produced by E-746 followed by E-749. Moreover, the genotypes E-718, E-719 and E-721 also exhibited comparatively more grain yield than BDW8. Therefore, the genotypes E-708, E-718, E-719, E-721, E-725 and E-726 may be the potential high yielding genotype (s), and should be further examined to verify their consistency to release a variety for durum wheat production in Bangladesh.
Knowledge of Farmers about production technology of root and tuber cropsVedant Girawale
It is believable that to motivate farmers for adopting package of
practices of root & tuber crops for food security and nutritional security is very much essential. Final decision of farmers to adopt root & tuber crops cultivation is usually the result of their knowledge about package of practices of tuber crops. Therefore, it was felt necessary to study level of knowledge of the farmers about package of practices of root & tuber crops in Navsari distrist of south Gujarat, India.
Similar to Development of an early maturing yellow seeded mung bean variety from local germplasms (20)
A good quality pechay (Batishak) has been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research and Development Centre (BARDC) to meet the increasing demand of fast growing leafy vegetables in the vegetable market of Bangladesh performing conventional breeding method introduction followed by reselection method. Compared to check varieties this newly developed pechay variety (commercial name Sufola Batishak) gave higher yield, exhibited late in flowering and it was found to be tolerant to major diseases & pests as well. This new pechay variety is also a year round variety and besides its open field cultivation it gave a very good yield when cultivated under polythene tunnel in the rainy season during the crisis period of vegetables. At BARDC, satisfactory production of the new pechay variety was also noticed following cut-and-come-again method. Due to the better performance of newly developed pechay line at the farmer’s level it was released by the BRAC Seed Enterprise Division giving the commercial name as ‘Sufola Batishak’. Its fresh vegetable production has been recorded as 25-30 Mt/ha. Since at the growers level a very good seed production performance of this ‘Sufola Batishak’ was found in Bangladeshi agro-climatic condition this pechay variety was found to be a profitable vegetable for seed business and sustainable batishak cultivation as well in this country. # To enjoy my you tube video on red spinach please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijF78rwhaY&t=57s
BRAC is one of the largest NGO of Bangladesh and no. one NGO (Non Governmental Organization) in the world started its agricultural research activities on vegetables during the year 2000 in its own premises of BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre (BARDC), Gazipur. However, during the year 2013-14 began to work with internationally reputed World Vegetable Centre (AVRDC) and a very significant achievement has been made through the joint collaboration of BRAC & AVRDC in the vegetable sector. The summary of the outcome has been shown through this presentation. #To enjoy my you tube video on summer tomato cultivation please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_UydD6LGO8&t=14s #and also another video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UddTDTzIV6M&t=8s
The great leader having versatile personality, philanthropist,friends of the poor & distressed people Sir Fazle Hasan Abed founded BRAC (the no. 1 of the world) during the year 1972 which was initially operating the rehabilitation program of the distressed & helpless people who returned to Bangladesh from India after the liberation war of Bangladesh. Gradually he involved himself in the activities of different socioeconomic development sectors of Bangladesh and other foreign countries like, education, agriculture, health nutrition and population program, microfinance,social enterprises, activities related to empowerment of the women and eradication of the hunger & poverty to contribute more to the society & serve for the humanity. He also founded BRAC university & BRAC bank to improve the standard of education and banking sector of Bangladesh as well.Through his greater vision and farsightedness he also founded an agricultural research & development centre at Gazipur for the development of agriculture sector of Bangladesh and improvement of the livelihood standard of the marginal and poor farmers. For his greater contribution to the society he received a good no. of domestic & international prizes and honors (Knight, World food prize etc.) which made him a great international figure as well. In this article some sweet memories of his presence in BRAC Agriculture Research & Development (BARDC) has been presented briefly. #To enjoy my you tube video on 'BRAC Town' please follow the link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70QrL3xz88I
Bangladesh has diversified agro-climatic conditions; on the other hand crop varieties require suitable edaphic and climatic conditions to exhibit their actual performance. Therefore, Product Development Support Section of BRAC Seed & Agro Enterprise is playing a vital role in selecting demand-led crop varieties or market oriented products which facilitating sales & marketing of new varieties or products to the farmers of Bangladesh. Each and every year new varieties/ products are being evaluated under this PDS program and are being recommended to the Sales & Marketing Division. In this presentation important observational findings of the year 2018-19 has been presented and the Action Plan for the year 2019-20 has been shown in a brief manner. #To enjoy my video on sunflower trial please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEGiBEC4okY&t=56s
A variety screening trial of 5 BARI released high yielding potato varieties viz., BARI Alu-36, 37,40, 62 & 63 was conducted in 5 locations (Joypurhat, Sherpur, Mohonpur & Tanore) respectively in the last rabi season of 2018-19. Among the 5 varieties BARI Alu 62 was found to be suitable for the growers, seed dealers, local consumers and also traders due to its higher yield, nice appearance, good cooking quality, prolonged dormancy and its suitability for exporting potatoes. BARI Alu-63 was also found to be a good variety due to its higher yield, nice appearance and good taste as well. Hence it was recommended for the consumption as table potato. Due to early bulking and higher no. of tubers per plant of BARI Alu-40; this variety was recommended for early potato harvesters who want to catch early potato market. All the potato varieties were found to be relatively tolerant to major disease and insect attack too. #To enjoy my you tube video on BARI potato variety please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbrObWrA2TE
In Bangladesh maize has become a very popular cash crop in recent times and most of the maize seeds are utilized in the feed mills to produce poultry or fish feed. It is interesting to note that BRAC played a vital role in popularizing maize cultivation in Bangladesh. A major hindrance faced by the Bangladeshi farmers at the early phase of commercial maize cultivation is that they could not find markets to sell their produce. Therefore, initially set up BRAC Poultry Feed Mill where huge volume of maize seeds were required to produce poultry feed and thus a lucrative market for maize growers was created. BRAC also distributed maize seeds as relief material to promote maize cultivation and it has so far released 5 good quality hybrid maize with the help of national and international research institutes. As a part of maize research and strengthening maize sector in Bangladesh BRAC conducted on farm demonstration trial of HTMA 19 (Heat Tolerant Maize for Asian Countries) and white maize ( BARI Hybrid-12 & BARI Hybrid-13) this year and found both HTMA-19 as well as white maize BARI Hybrid-13 as promising varieties. The stress tolerant varieties HTMA-19 gave 8.57 Mt/ha yield while white maize variety BARI Hybrid-13 produced 7.21 Mt grains per hectare. The maize growers liked both the varieties; HTMA-19 for feed purpose and the white maize variety BARI Hybrid-13 for human consumption. And advance line of white maize ARS 3322 developed by BRAC was also evaluated. #Please enjoy my you tube video on maize cultivation after potato harvesting following the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVUP8r8t294
Bangladesh is famous for its super natural beauties and also for its diverse types of seasonal fruits and vegetables grown in different parts of the country. As it is situated in the sub tropical region and in between the great Himalayan Mountain and the Bay of Bengal its typical agro climatic condition and plain fertile soil is favorable for growing various kinds of fruits including the delicious juicy fruit watermelon. During the dry Bengali months of 'Chaitra' & 'Baishakh' (March–April) when everybody feel uneasy due to hot sunny days and excessive dry weather then this watermelon fruits give a big relief to the Bangladeshi people as the watermelon fruits become available during this period. And its mesmerizing taste as well as juicy red colored flesh quenches the thirst of its people by giving a huge satisfaction. Actually, these high quality watermelons usually comes from different parts of the country viz., Golachipa, Patuakhali, Amtoli, Char fashion, Rangabali, Bhola, Gurudash pur, Santhia, Panchagarh, Chokoria, Teknaph etc. Watermelons in Bangladesh are generally cultivated during the Rabi Season (October-January) and cultivation of watermelon in the summer season is very rare . However, the coverage of the summer season watermelon cultivation in Bangladesh is expanding day by day. Therefore a suitable watermelon cultivation technique for the summer season is the need of the hour and this article has been prepared to meet the demand. # To enjoy my you tube video on the performance super early watermelon variety in Sunamganj please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw2m0OrLP2g #and another video on mango cultivation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7MIcxvIM-tA&t=79s
Two exotic hybrid rice varieties BB 01/18 & BB 02/18 were evaluated in the last Amon season i.e. in the Amon season of 2018 in 8 territories of Bangladesh to assess their yield performances as well as their adaptation potentiality using ‘BB 03/18’ as check variety. In all the territories transplanting method was followed for their cultivation while in Gopal ganj region ‘Broadcasting method’ was followed. Undoubtedly in all locations farmers liked these 2 exotic varieties due to their good plant architecture, excellent vigour, good tillering habit, first-class grain density in the panicle, tolerant to major diseases and insects, good crop exposure at the harvesting period, higher yield, shattering resistant and nice grain quality. Between the 2 varieties; on an average variety BB 02/18 gave yield of 5.96 Mt/ha and its highest yield 8.40 Mt/ha was recorded in Rangpur region while BB01/18 also gave highest yield in Rangpur district (8.20Mt/ha) exhibiting average yield 5.26Mt/ha. Between the 2 exotic varieties BB 02/18 was found to be superior to BB 01/18 and both of these varieties gave 46.79% and 30.04% increased yield than the check variety ‘BB 03/18’. In addition, our observations revealed that these 2 exotic hybrid rice varieties can also be cultivated through broadcasting method in the Amon season as they both gave satisfactory yield by this practice while the check variety failed to grow in ‘Broadcasting’ method. It was also found that there is a very good marketing opportunity of the varieties BB 01/18 & BB 02/18 in Bangladesh during the Amon season. And on an average the 3 hybrid varieties used in this adaptive trial exhibited almost 29.77 % higher yield than the traditionally grown inbred varieties for this Amon season of 2018.
In a Bengali proverb there is a wise saying 'Age dorshon dhari pore gun bichari' (i.e. to be nice to look at first and then make a judgement on its quality). Based on the proverb, a few colourful vegetable varieties have been developed at BARDC (BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre), Gazipur, Bangladesh. Coloured vegetables play a very crucial role when these vegetables are included in our regular diet. These colourful vegetables not only have the decorative value but also have the nutritional value as well. Besides in some cases colourful varieties increases the disease tolerance capacity or stress tolerance potentiality in the commonly cultivated vegetables than the traditional type. In Bangladesh red okra, red spinach, white pumpkin, purple hot pepper, red yard long bean, red stem kang kong etc. have been developed at BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre very recently and preliminary investigation revealed that these vegetables have increased level of antioxidants (anthocyanins, carotenes etc.), iron, sulfur etc. However, more research is needed to exploit the full benefits of these coloured vegetables. #To enjoy my you tube video on coloured vegetables please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kijF78rwhaY&t=52s
Cow pea is an important leguminous pulse crop grown mainly in the southern districts of Bangladesh and it is used as either green vegetables or as delicious pulse crop. Basically It is a Kharif season crop and its advantage is that it can be grown in the coastal areas as it has got tolerant capacity to moderate level of salinity. Plants and the fruits are very much similar to yard long beans but exhibits determinate growth and the fruits are shorter in size than yard long bean. Longer fruits with higher yield potentiality of cow pea is desirable than the traditional type low yielding plants with shorter size fruits. Again it seems that its area of cultivation can be expanded all over Bangladesh as a potential vegetable as well as pulse crop as its production cost is also very low and unlike yard long bean it does not require any trellis or bamboo sticks for its commercial cultivation. BRAC has recently developed a high yielding cow pea variety which will fetch more profit to the cow pea growers. #To enjoy my you tube video on cow pea harvesting please follow the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6W14IeCUS0&t=22s #and also another video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmTD2CMr3Ts&t=22s
Golachipa belong to the Potuakhali district of Bangladesh is well known for the hub of best quality watermelons.These watermelons are cultivated in the Char's (river bed) of this upazilla where each and every year silts are deposited as these chars usually goes under water during the monsoon season. After receding water from the Chars growers usually start the cultivation of watermelon. Different varieties of watermelon such as watermelon with dark green rind, light green rind colour and deep green stripes in light green back ground. Watermelon also with yellow rind and yellow flesh watermelons are cultivated here. Practically, the watermelons of Golachipa are famous for its special size, better quality and excellent taste (due to cultivation of watermelon in the coastal areas where saline codition is prevalent). As watermelon farming is profitable this is why the watermelon growers of Golachipa are gradually increasing. Very recently I got an opportunity to visit the watermelon plots mostly situated in the char areas of Golachipa and gathered a little experience over the watermelon business of this coastal region which has been described in this article. #To enjoy my you tube video on watermelon please follow the link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw2m0OrLP2g
Although PDS section in BRAC Seed & Agro Enterprise is a new section but its importance is enough in the Seed Sector. This section is conducting on farm evaluation and demonstration trials of different varieties and products in the farmers plot following standard procedure. After receiving satisfactory performance of the varieties & products promising ones are recommended for marketing. Demonstration trials of newly released varieties or products are being systematically carried out to display the performance of the newly launched products and/or varieties. It is expected that PDS section will play a crucial role in the seed business in the coming days. To enjoy my you tube video on sunflower trial please follow the link :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEGiBEC4okY&t=56s
Considering the importance of radish as a short duration vegetable crop and its wider use in the form of salad and other types of cooked food item BRAC- one of the largest Non Governmental Organization (NGO) in the world began its research activities on radish near about two decades ago in its own R&D centre and so far released two open pollinated and one hybrid radish varieties for commercial cultivation. ‘Sufola 40’ and ‘China 35’ are open pollinated varieties while ‘White Star’ is a hybrid variety. Besides these seasonal type of radish varieties BRAC scientists are also working on the development of off season type of radish variety and one promising summer radish advance line has been developed. Research work on ‘Shakmula’, ‘Green radish’ and ‘Bicoloured radish’ is also going on to create new market demand among the consumers and promote different kinds of radish cultivation in Bangladesh throughout the year. #Suggested my you tube videolink on similar crop sweet cultivation in the balcony:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viG7Qu1-10A&t=10s
Normally country bean is grown in Bangladesh in the winter season. But due to market glut situation the farmers do not get much profit by selling these beans during this season. Therefore, BRAC scientists have developed few varieties of heat tolerant country bean which can be grown in the summer season through the utilization of hybridization technique. By growing these beans in the off season the growers are now getting much more profit. Now by cultivating these off season type beans and seasonal type beans this nutritious vegetable is becoming available round the year in Bangladesh for the customers. #Suggested my you tube video link on summer tomato cultivation in Dinajpur district :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_UydD6LGO8&t=14s
A Technical report on the hybrid summer tomato evaluation and the development of seasonal tomato hybrids has been published in the AVRDC bulletin "Feed Back from the Field". Their suitability as new promising tomato hybrids has also been discussed. #suggested link of my you tube video on summer tomato: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UddTDTzIV6M&t=8s
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After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
2. and in the preparations of ‘Papad’ particularly for the
underprivileged section of women in Bangladesh. Again
compared to other pulse crops which are usually grown in
Bangladesh in the winter season (viz. lentil, chick pea,
field pea, grass pea etc.) mung bean is grown in the
summer just after harvesting of winter crops and it enjoys
few competitor pulse crops at that time and following
harvesting of mung bean fruits, the traditional practice is
to mix the crop residue with the soil which makes the soil
more fertile through the decomposition of the crop
residues by seasonal rain water and ensures the supply of
green manure into the soil. In the past Bangladeshi
farmers used to cultivate a longer duration yellow
coloured small seeded traditional variety ‘Sonamoog’ but
due to its asynchronous flowering, high degree of
susceptibility to virus disease, extremely longer crop
duration and poor yield farmers no more cultivate this
variety. Nevertheless its appealing golden yellow seed
coat colour, finer grain quality and good flavour as well
as taste is commendable and an improved mung bean
variety similar to ‘Sonamoog’ has a very good demand
among the mung bean growers and consumers as well.
Considering above facts a mung bean variety development
program was started at BARDC during the year 2000
with an objective to develop good quality early maturing
short duration high yielding yellow seeded mung bean
variety having moderate seed size and better taste.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Collection of germplasm: In the year 2000, eight local
varieties of mung bean were collected from various
sources and different accession numbers were given
accordingly. All these accessions (BMU 001, BMU 002,
BMU 003, BMU 004, BMU 005, BMU 006, BMU 007
and BMU 008) were almost characteristically different
from each other.
Classification of seed colour group: Almost all the
accessions had more or less green seed coat colour
although seed size variations were noticed. The accession
BMU 004 collected from Meherpur had also green seed
coat colour but critical observation revealed the fact that
it was actually a mixture of three different seed coat
colour groups and their Hundred seed weight of these
three groups were recorded. The groups were:
i. Green seed coat colour (small seeded group)
ii. Greenish brown seed coat colour (medium size
seeded group)
iii. Brown seed coat colour (bold seeded group)
Growing of germplasm: For the evaluation of germplasm
each of these accessions along with these three groups
were grown in the experimental field of BRAC
Agricultural Research and Development Center during
the Kharif- 2 season of the year 2000. All the accessions
grew well in this season and flowered normally but
special attention was paid to the above mentioned three
groups. Good fruit setting was noticed in each of the
accessions. At the end of the season, seeds were collected
separately from each accession and preserved
accordingly.
Identification of yellow seeded plants: After threshing of
the mature fruits harvested from each group of the
Meherpur stock (BMU 004) while the seeds were
subjected to drying on the sunny floor, few golden yellow
coloured seeds were found among the greenish brown
seed coat colour fruit (Medium size) and also from brown
seed coat colour group (Bold seeded). Attracted by the
golden yellow colour seeds an effort was made to identify
the particular plants producing golden yellow seed from
mung bean plots and finally two plants were identified by
thorough searching of the plants of Greenish brown seed
coat colour and Brown seed coat colour group, one from
each group, respectively. The bold seeded golden yellow
coloured seed type obtained from the medium size seed
group was termed as yellow seed coat-1 or YS-I and the
smaller size golden yellow coloured seed type obtained
from Deep brown seed coat coloured group was given the
name yellow seed coat-II or YS-II.
Growing of pure lines from selected plants: The
harvested seeds of yellow seed coat-I and yellow seed
coat-II along with the check variety BARImoog-5 were
sown in separate 34 cm. diameter earthen pots during the
Kharif-1 season of 2001. For growing each of the pure
lines, fresh seeds from each lines were sown in triplicate
in three separate earthen pots. Recommended cultural
practices were followed to ensure proper growth of the
plants of each line. After seedling emergence all the
plants grew well and produced normal fruits and seeds
like their parents.
Seed increase of the pure lines: Seeds were harvested
accordingly from the isolated pure lines and
multiplication of the pure lines was also completed in the
same Kharif season-1 of 2001 by sowing the fresh
harvested seeds of each of the lines in the pot condition.
Therefore, after 2 phase of growing of the isolated pure
lines 33 g. of seeds were obtained from the line YS-I
while 20 g. of seeds were obtained from the YS-II.
Performance trials of pure line: The trial experiments
were conducted at BRAC Agricultural Research and
Development Centre (BARDC), Gazipur and its regional
9
3. -7-
farms located at Dinajpur and Meherpur districts
respectively. Newly developed yellow seeded mung bean
line YS-I along with BARI and BINA released mung bean
varieties were used as seed materials while field trials were
conducted in 3.00 X 2.55 m plots with three replications
laid out in randomized complete block design. Seeds were
sown in lines maintaining a distance 30.00 cm between the
rows and keeping plant to plant distance 4.00 cm. Normal
cultural practices were carried out uniformly to ensure
better growth and development of the plants in each trial.
For evaluation of the performance of YS-I, observational
yield trial and preliminary yield trial were conducted in the
experimental plots of BARDC while regional yield trials
were carried out in the BRAC seed farms located at
Dinajpur and Meherpur districts. In all the trial
experiments both BARImung-5 & BINAmung-7 were used
as check varieties. For on farm trial a progressive mung
bean grower was selected from Natore district as Natore is
one of the well known mung bean growing district.
Characters noted from each trials: Observations on plant
height, no. of branches and total no. of pods per plant, days
taken to 1st
flowering, days taken to 1st
picking, pod length
per pod, no. of seeds per pod, 1000-seed wt., seed yield per
plant, crop duration, seed coat colour and yield per hectare
were collected at different phases of plant growth and
development and were analyzed statistically.
Nutritional quality analysis: Proximate analysis of mung
bean seeds was also done from the seeds obtained from the
advance line of YS-I and different check varieties as well
following the standard procedures given in Association of
Official Analytical Chemistry (AOAC, 1965).
RESULTS
Evaluation of germplasm & Identification of variants
As variations are the raw materials for improvement of
new varieties therefore, an effort was made to identify the
variabilities already existed in the collected germplasms
and since the accession BMU 004 had variations in the
seed size and colour, the total seed stock was categorized
into in 3 groups on the basis of 100-seed wt. and colour
respectively (Table 1).
Table 1. Different groups of mung bean of accession
BMU 004 and their 100-seed wt.
Category Seed groups
100-seed
wt. (g)
Seed colour Remarks
BRC 001
Green seed coat
colour
4.75 Green Smaller seeds
BRC 002
Greenish brown
seed coat colour
5.55
Greenish
brown
Medium size
BRC 003
Deep brown seed
coat colour
5.65 Deep brown Bold seeded
Although 100-seed wt. of BRC- 002 & BRC- 003 was
very close to each other (5.55 & 5.65 g) BRC- 001 had
strikingly lower seed wt. (4.75 g). It is also interesting to
note that although these 3 groups belong to the same
stock they exhibited difference in different morpho-
physiological characteristics (Table 2.). Greenish brown
seeded group flowered 9 days ahead of Green seed coat
colour group and 7 days earlier than Deep brown seed
coat colour group.
Table 2. Morpho-physiological characters of 3 groups of plants separated from the local germplasm collected from
Meherpur.
Name of the
groups
Plant height
(cm)
No. of bran-
ches/plant
1st
flowering
date
Total no. of
pods/plant
Pod length/
pod (cm)
No. of
seeds/
pod
Crop
maturity
Green seed coat colour 35.45±3.10 1.40±0.56 41.00±0.63 16.43±3.48 9.53±0.50 12.00±0.42 56.00
Greenish brown seed coat colour 34.16±3.72 1.24±0.79 32.00±0.54 19.87±4.57 9.79±0.45 11.37±0.49 47.00
Deep brown seed coat colour 34.05±4.23 1.54±0.87 39.00±0.68 22.58±4.89 9.23±0.87 11.14±0.57 55.00
Mean 34.55±3.68 1.39±0.74 37.33±0.62 19.63±4.31 9.52±0.61 11.50±0.49 52.66
After the recovery of yellow seeded variants YS-I & YS-
II, their morphological characters were studied
subsequently and differences were also noticed between
these 2 variants in almost all the characters studied (Table
3, Fig. 1). Although Yellow seed coat–II had increased
no. of pod clusters, seed yield/plant was lower due to its
smaller size of seeds.
10
4. Table 3. Data on plant characters recorded after 1st
recovery of yellow seed coat variants.
Characters
Yellow seed
coat-I
Yellow seed
coat-II
Plant height (cm) 25.00 27.00
No. of leaves/plant 7.00 7.00
No. branches/plant - 2.00
No. of pod clusters/plant 4.00 6.00
Total no. of pods/plant 10.00 10.00
Pod length (cm) 6.71±1.92 5.50±1.10
No. of seeds/ pod 9.71±2.50 7.42±3.36
Seed coat colour Bright golden yellow Light golden yellow
Seed size Bold Small
Seed length (mm) 5.20±0.36 4.00±0.42
Total no. of seeds/plant 90.00 52.00
Seed yield/plant (g) 3.42 2.95
Days to maturity 48.00 54.00
Total no. of plants of the plot 237.00 212.00
No. of yellow seeded plants 1.00 1.00
Pure line selection
To obtain the pure lines of yellow seeded variants the
harvested seeds of these variants were multiplied under
pot condition and after 2 phases of multiplication the
variants were found to be produced plants true to type to
their parents and a few no. of off type plants were
observed during this multiplication phase. As
BARImoog-5 was also grown with these variants clear
cut differences between the yellow seeded variants with
the normal green seeded mung bean were noticed and YS-
I was identified as early matured and short duration
variant than BARImung-5 while YS-II was identified as a
late matured variant with smaller size seeds. In the next
generation growing under field condition however few
plants similar to YS-II (5.00%) and totally green coat
coloured seed bearing plants (3.00%) were obtained from
the YS-I stock as off type plants and a considerable no. of
YS-I type plants (40%) were noticed in the YS-II genetic
stock in this generation. Off type plants from both the
genetic stocks were rogued out categorically to obtain the
pure stocks. Harvesting was started on 14.11.01 and near
about 2.30 kg of seeds of yellow seed coat-I was
harvested while 600 g of seeds of yellow seed coat-II was
harvested at the end of the season (final harvesting date:
23.11.01). Data on yield and yield related traits have been
presented in Table 4. In this particular experiment YS-I
was found to be an early matured strain and its first
flowering occurred only at 30 days (3 days earlier than
BARImoog-5) while YS-II was recorded as late matured
strain. Practically plants of the YS-I line were
characterized by almost determinate type plant and its
picking of fruits could be started at 48 days while its
harvesting could be completed by 57-58 days. Table 4.
also shows that YS-I exhibited higher values in most of
the other yield parameters than BARImung-5 excepting
plant height and 100-seed wt. In fact, YS-I had moderate
size yellow coloured seed which were slightly smaller
than BARImung-5.
Table 4. Comparative study of yield parameters of Yellow seed coat-I, II and BARImung-5.
X ± S.D = Mean ± Standard Deviation and values in the parentheses ( ) = range
Nameoftheline
Daystakento
flowering
Plantheight
(cm)
Daystakento
1st
picking
No.of
branches/plant
No.ofpod
clusters/plant
Totalno.of
pods/plant
Podlength/fruit
(cm)
Podwt./plant
(g)
No.ofseeds/
pod
100-seedwt.
(g)
Seedyield/
plant(g)
HarvestIndex
(%)
Yieldincreaseover
BARI-mung-5(%)
YS-I
30.00
25.90±2.98
(21.00-32.00)
48.00
1.60±0.54
(1.00-2.00)
10.50±2.26
(8.00-15.00)
36.73±13.58
(16.00-66.00)
8.07±0.49
(7.50-8.80)
13.69±3.63
(6.50-20.50)
11.66±0.68
(10.40-12.80)
4.46±0.40
(4.16-5.16)
10.44±2.73
(4.61-16.96)
47.44±5.75
(30.00-56.00)
32.99
YS-II
37.00
30.57±4.18
(26.00-37.00)
52.00
2.97±0.67
(2.00-4.00)
15.47±2.97
(9.00-25.00)
48.17±9.78
(33.00-72.00)
9.03±0.45
(8.07-9.87)
21.26±4.07
(13.09-30.32)
11.89±0.57
(10.80-12.70)
3.08±0.18
(2.75-3.40)
14.59±3.14
(8.78-19.85)
33.00±5.59
(21.00-44.00)
85.85
BARI-mung-5
33.00
27.08±4.18
(21.00-34.00)
58.00
1.46±0.57
(1.00-3.00)
7.93±2.63
(4.00-13.00)
21.03±
6.98
(11.00-41.00)
9.58±0.50
(8.94-10.47)
10.28±2.86
(6.61-16.43)
10.83±1.48
(8.50-12.30)
5.80±0.28
(5.21-6.13)
7.85±2.31
(4.10-12.63)
39.70±9.06
(17.00-58.00)
-
11
5. Observational yield trial (OYT)
In this trial the newly developed yellow seeded strains
were tested for observational yield trial. Although the
yellow seeded strain performed well during this Kharif-1
season, few no. of plants were found to be affected in
both the strains by MYMV. These virus affected plants
were eradicated through roguing and no other off- type
plants were noticed other than the virus affected plants
from each of the strains in this generation. One of the
important feature of YS-I was that it had a very good
uniformity rate which contributed immensely to its
growth, development and finally yield.
Characteristics of the Yellow Seed coat-I line (Figs. 2 &
3; Table 5)
1.Uncommon, dwarf type short duration improved
line (crop duration 57 – 58 days) having light green
coloured plants.
2.Almost synchronized ripening of fruits.
3.Uncommon attractive golden yellow coloured
showy moderate size seed.
4.Tolerant to major diseases (MMV & CLS).
5.Insensitive to seasonal influence and can be grown
almost throughout the year.
6.Good cooking quality and less turmeric is required
for making cooked products {dhal, khichuri
(cooked form of mixture of fine rice and pulse),
halim (dhal with small pieces of meat) etc.} and its
preparations are very tasteful.
7.Higher seed recovery percentage and the testa of the
seeds is very thin.
Table 5. Mean values of plant characters of Yellow seed
coat-I (YS-I) & BARImung-5 grown in the Kharif season-
1 of 2002.
Plant Characters YS-I BARImung-5
Plant height (cm) 18.00 ± 4.78 22.60 ± 5.80
No. of leaves/plant 14.90 ± 0.82 14.20 ± 0.94
Petiole length (cm)
9.18 ± 1.34
(6.5 - 10.08)
9.93 ± 1.24
(9.00 - 12.20)
Leaflet length (cm)
7.40 ± 0.84
(6.00 - 9.00)
9.93 ± 1.13
(7.50 -12.30)
Leaflet width (cm)
6.24 ± 0.79
(4.80 -7.50)
7.73 ±1.08
(4.30 -10.00)
Leaflet L/W ratio
1.17 ± 0.17
(1.00 - 1.30)
1.25 ± 0.13
(1.10 - 1.50)
Distance of nodes bearing
pod clusters (cm)
2.53 ± 1.20
(1.00 - 4.00)
4.05 ± 2.24
(1.00 - 6.20)
Days taken to 1st flowering
31.00 ± 0.50 34.00 ± 0.72
Days taken to 1st
picking 47.00 ± 1.48 57.00 ± 1.87
Duration of the crop
Seed yield/plant (g)
58.00 ± 2.31
8.01 ± 2.17
(3.98 - 11.80)
65.00 ± 3.36
7.55 ±3.52
(3.57 - 14.26)
Preliminary yield trial (PYT)
Although the newly developed both yellow seed coat
lines were found to be promising after observational yield
trial in terms of yield and seed coat colour, since the YS-II
was found to be susceptible to cercospora leaf spot
disease and it was a late matured variety; YS-II was kept
as a new germplasm to be used for breeding purpose
while YS-I was subjected to further trials leading to
release it as a variety. As a part of PYT, seeds of both YS-
I and BARImung-5 were sown in field plots and were
evaluated at Gazipur farm during late Kharif-1 season.
The performance of YS-I was found to be more promising
as seeds from selected plants of YS-I were used for the
trial and this promising line was then advanced for further
trial experiments.
Adaptability testing and regional yield trial (RYT)
For the evaluation of YS-I in different agro ecological
zones this new line was grown in Dinajpur BRAC Seed
Farm during the Kharif season-2 of 2002 and the results
are presented in Table. 6. Since the soil texture of
Dinajpur farm was very light YS-I did not perform well in
this location but the strain was found to be true breeding.
This particular line was also once again found to be virus
tolerant as well. Pure seeds were collected from selected
healthy plants and near about 2.50 kg of good quality
seeds were preserved for evaluation in the next season.
Subsequently regional yield trial has been completed in
this region using check varieties BARImung-5 &
BINAmung-7. Similar experiments have also been
conducted in the Meherpur farm for adaptability testing
as well as regional yield trial. In both the locations YS-1
exhibited its early matured characteristics with slightly
higher yield than the check varieties.
On farm trial
In the following year as a part of MLT during the Kharif
season-1 of 2003 seed samples of YS-I were sent to
Meherpur for the evaluation of its performance in the
western zone famous for mung bean cultivation. Side by
side seed samples were also sent to Natore district
(another mung bean growing district) for its evaluation
under farm condition during the same season. In the
Natore district this improved line was grown in 33
decimal of land and this particular field was kept under
strict observation to produce good quality seed. Very fine
growth and development of YS-I was noticed in this
sandy loam soil due to good weather condition and no off
type plants were observed in this generation. Only a few
plants (1%) were found to be affected by MYMV and
these plants were eradicated from the field through
roguing. An excellent crop was harvested at the end of
12
6. the season due to good soil and weather conditions.
Following the harvest a part of the total quantity of
harvested seed was tested for its local market demand and
a good market response was obtained due to its attractive
colour and finer quality. It will be worth mentioning here
that all other mung bean varieties of the market were
traditional green seed coat type having moderate quality.
The farmers of Meherpur were also found to be satisfied
with this new mung bean line as they harvested a very
good crop from it.
Table 6. Adaptability testing of the improved line YS-I
(in Dinajpur district).
Characteristics Mean Values
Plant height (cm) 42.00 ± 3.68
Days taken to 1st
flowering 29.00 ± 0.38
No. of pods/cluster 4.00 ± 3.10
Total no. of pods/ plant 30.00 ± 11.78
No. of seeds/pod 12.00 ± 0.59
Seed yield/plant (g) 9.80 ± 2.48
Yield/ha (Kg) 429.78 ± 8.87
Generation advancement for further improvement
In subsequent years this promising line YS-I was
evaluated in both the on farm & on station conditions for
the assessment of its yield stability over the years and
seasons as well. This generation advancement process
was continued up to 2006. Subsequently in the Kharif-1
season of 2007 again a portion of the seed lot produced in
Natore district brought to Gazipur and seeds were sown at
BARDC experimental field on 15.03.07. Improved
quality of YS-I was noticed in this season like the
parental type and again seeds of the larger fruits from
selected healthy plants were harvested separately and
these seeds were carefully preserved for further
multiplication and for the advancement of generation.
During the Kharif-1 season of 2008 these preserved seeds
were grown in both early and late Kharif season and it
has been observed that this mung bean line can be grown
more or less throughout the year and even a good crop
was harvested after sowing seeds in as early as last week
of February and in case of late sown crop YS-I can be
harvested by sowing seeds in 1st
week of October.
Interestingly in case of late monsoon crop, after
harvesting mung bean other rabi season vegetable & spice
crops like tomato, brinjal, onion, hot pepper etc. can be
grown in the same field and cropping intensity can be
increased.
Table 7. Studies on yield related characters of YS-I and 2 check varieties of mung bean grown in the Kharif
season-2 of 2011.
Nameoftheline/
variety
Daystakento1st
flowering
Plantheight/
Plant(cm)
No.ofbranches/
plant
No.ofpod
clusters/plant
No.ofpods/
cluster
Totalno.ofpods/
plant
Podlength/
Pod(cm)
1000-
seedwt.(g)
Yield/
ha(kg)
Virusincidence
(%)
Seedrecovery
(%)
Daystomaturity
Cropduration
Yieldincrease
overcheck
YS-I
28.00
41.18±4.23
(32.00-45.00)
1.50±0.82
(1.00-3.00)
4.40±0.70
(4.00-6.00)
5.40±1.73
(4.00-9.00)
21.90±7.31
(14.00-38.00)
7.60±0.39
(7.40-8.90)
38.50±0.04
(38.10-38.90)
1045.00
5.43
65.22
45.00
62.00
51.23%-increa-
sedthanBARI-
mung-5&92.09%
BARI-
mung-5
30.00
47.91±6.46
(35.00-58.00)
1.10±0.32
(1.00-2.00)
5.0±1.07
(4.00-7.00)
5.20±1.93
(3.00-10.00)
21.0±7.83
(13.00-39.00)
8.50±2.34
(7.80-10.10)
59.20±0.21
(57.00-61.30)
691.00
6.06
38.42
53.00
70.00
increa-
sedthanBINA-
mung-7.
BINA-mung-7
33.00
50.25±6.0
(39.00-58.00)
3.60±1.84
(0-6.00)
7.70±3.13
(4.00-14.00)
7.10±2.77
(3.00-13.00)
28.90±4.55
(16.00-58.00)
6.30±0.75
(5.70-8.40)
38.60±0.21
(36.70-40.90)
544.00
17.70
52.31
59.00
74.00
-
13
7. Evaluation of newly developed mung bean variety (YS-
I) in more advance generation (S20)
To compare the performance of YS-I in the more
advanced generation, it was grown in the experimental
field of BARDC in the Kharif season-2 very recently (in
2011) and its performance was evaluated with 2 popular
mung bean varieties BARImung-5 & BINAmung-7 data
of which has been presented in the Table 7. YS-I again
proved its earliness in terms of crop maturity than the
other 2 varieties due to light green coloured leaves and
pods and the crop could be harvested at only 62 DAS
while BINAmung-7 was identified as a late matured
variety. Its production was also found to be higher (1045
kg/ha) compared to BARImung-5 and BINAmung-7. YS-I
was found to be less affected by MYMV and seed
recovery percentage of YS-1 was also found to be higher
compared to the other 2 varieties.
Nutritional quality
The nutritional qualities of the three mung bean varieties
(YS-I, BARImung-5 and BINAmung-7) was assessed
through proximate analysis and the composition of
minerals in their seeds are presented in Table 8.
Proximate analysis revealed the fact that with respect to
crude protein content YS-I hold second position and its
percentage was 26.50. Relatively higher protein content
was recorded in BARImung-5 (27.42%) while
BINAmung-7 had the lowest amount of protein (25.19%).
It is fascinating to note that the seeds of YS-I had the
lowest amount of fat than BINAmung-7 and BARImung-
5. Near about 4.39% ash was recorded in YS-I and
maximum ash content was in BINAmung-7 (4.55%).
High amount of fibre was observed in BINAmung-7
(6.01%) and minimum fibre was noticed in YS-I (5.78%).
It can be mentioned here that among the 3 varieties YS-I
had the highest level of calcium (575 mg/100 g) and
relatively lower amount of calcium was recorded in
BARImung-5 (525 mg/100 g). β-carotene test in YS-I and
BARImung-5 revealed the fact that BARImung-5 had the
higher amount of β-carotene than YS-I (in YS-I, β-
carotene was 3.32 mg but in BARImung-5 β-carotene
content was 3.88 mg per 100 g).
Table 8. Proximate composition of mung bean seeds of YS-I and 2 check varieties.
Advance
line/variety
*CP
(%)
Fat
(%)
Ash
(%)
Fibre
(%)
Moisture
(%)
Ca
(%)
P
(%)
YS-I 26.50 ±1.630 0.615 ± 0.007 4.39 ± 0.280 5.78 ± 0.440 7.44 ± 0.110 0.575 ± 0.007 0.965 ± 0.021
BARImung-5 27.42 ± 0.300 0.835 ± 0.021 4.20 ± 0.035 5.98 ± 0.590 9.59 ± 0.070 0.525 ± 0.020 0.985 ± 0.007
BINAmung-7 25.19 ± 0.060 0.800 ± 0.040 4.55 ± 0.014 6.01 ± 1.400 8.96 ± 0.200 0.560 ± 0.014 0.970 ± 0.021
X ± S.D = Mean ± Standard Deviation *CP = Crude Protein
DISCUSSION
In the local mung bean germplasms lack of sufficient
genetic variability is the major constraint for its
improvement. And cultivars of mung bean now in
cultivation in Bangladesh so far have been developed
principally by selection from local strains, introduction,
hybridization and through induction of mutation. The
newly developed yellow seeded short duration variety
was found to be superior to BARI released variety
BARImung-5 and BINA released variety BINAmung-7
with respect to yield potentiality and earliness. It matures
eight days earlier than BARImung-5 and fourteen days
earlier than BINAmung-7 (Table.7). In mung bean
earliness is usually described by days from planting to
opening of the first flower, or days to ripening of the first
pod (Poehlman 1991). Imrie and Butler (1982) postulated
that earliest flowering accessions are often the lowest
yielding but in YS-I, plants having moderate yield was
recorded (seed yield/plant of YS-I, BARImung-5 and
14
8. Binamung-7 was recorded as 11.15, 7.00 and 5.85 g
respectively). In YS-I almost 51.23% increased yield was
observed than BARI mung-5 and 92.09% yield
enhancement was recorded against BINAmung-7 (Table.
7). Actually owing to the dwarf, bushy and compact plant
architecture of YS-I, relatively more no. of plants could be
accommodated in the same area for cultivation than the
other two varieties. Determinate type plants with light
green foliage were noticed in YS-I while the plants of
BARImung-5 were though determinate, but its foliage
was green. In contrast, BINA mung-7 plants were semi
indeterminate type with green foliage. Light green plants
normally tend to get senescence earlier and since YS-I
being characterized by light green coloured foliage, its
fruits ripened earlier and the plants became old quicker
than BARImung-5 and BINAmung-7. Biswas (1998)
earlier recovered a yellow seeded grass pea mutant
through seed treatment with gamma ray which exhibited
earliness in flowering and crop maturity as well.
Synchronous ripening of fruits is desirable as pod picking
can be completed earlier in these plants than
asynchronous type which also minimizes the pod
harvesting cost. In the yellow seeded mung bean almost
all the pods could be harvested in two pickings only while
in BARImung-5 and BINAmung-7 harvesting could be
finished in more than two pickings. In mung bean
growing areas where seeds are sown in the late summer;
longer duration varieties suffer badly by the rain resulting
to crop damage in the years when early monsoon arrives.
In those areas short duration variety like YS-I may escape
this type of crop failure. Mung bean growers prefer
moderate size seeds having good physical appearance as
market price of medium or small size mung bean of
shining colour fetches relatively higher price than larger
grains. YS-I being a variety having shining golden yellow
coloured medium size seeds; it’s seed has been found to
be more acceptable to the growers and consumers as well.
Moreover, since YS-I is insensitive to seasonal influence,
it can be cultivated easily in the existing cropping pattern
in mungbean growing areas. On the other hand, golden
yellow colored seeded traditional variety ‘Sonamoog’ was
found to be seasonally sensitive and it’s cultivation was
restricted to Kharif-2 season only (July – October). In
mung bean, selection of pure lines from mixed population
was an early breeding procedure for its improvement and
isolated lines with 24 per cent increased yield has been
reported earlier (Bosch and Van den 1987a & 1987b). An
indeterminate fodder type yellow mung bean variety with
shattering characteristics and very recently a yellow
seeded grass pea mutant with pod shattering
characteristics has also been reported (Yan et al.1991,
Talukdar et al. 2001). In contrast YS-I is a non shattering
type of yellow seeded mung bean line. Through pure line
selection from the heterogenous populations excellent
varieties have also been isolated in a good number of
crops like paddy, wheat, barley, peanut, chickpea,
blackgram, greengram, pigeonpea, linseed, cowpea etc.
(Singh 1996). To combat terminal heat stress during
summer season and pre-harvest sprouting during rainy
season in the major production base two super early
genotypes of mung bean have been developed very
recently by Pratap et al.(2013). It is interesting to note
that near about 35.77% and 30.08% reduced amount of
fat was recorded in YS-I than BARImung-5 and
BINAmung-7 respectively. Low fat diet is desirable to
prevent obesity as well as to control the cholesterol level
and mung bean with low fat content will be more
suitable for the preparation of confectionery products like
‘Dhal Bhaja’ where the dehusked seeds are usually fried
with oil. Slightly lower fat level (13.03%) of a yellow
seeded mung bean variety has also been reported in the
Phillipines (Landerito et al. 1993). Critical observation
revealed that the testa of yellow seeded variety YS-I was
very thin which not only ensures better pulse recovery it
also enhances the permeability of water during seed
germination and seedling emergence.
CONCLUSION
Mung bean seeds are very popular among the vegetarian
people due to its high protein content, good flavour and
excellent taste besides its use in the food processing
industries. The newly developed yellow seeded mung
bean YS-I has been found to be a determinate type virus
tolerant high yielding variety with relatively shorter
duration of maturity. It has also been found to be
insensitive to seasonal influence and can be grown almost
throughout the year. Besides its seed’s good luster, better
taste and good cooking quality; it has also lower amount
of fat and has fair amount of different important minerals
like calcium, phosphorus etc. Eating low fat mung bean is
recommended for diabetics and for people suffering from
problems related to high cholesterol levels as well as
obesity and YS-I may be a good variety for the growing
new demand of nutritious mung bean.
Acknowledgements
The authors are highly grateful to the Project Director,
Pulses and Oilseeds Division BARI for providing
laboratory facilities.
15
9. -7-
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