1. What are Development Control Tools? 2. Building bye-laws 3. National Building Code regulations

1. DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT CONTROL
DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT CONTROL
RULES AND REGULATIONS UNDER
RULES AND REGULATIONS UNDER
BUILDING BYE
BUILDING BYE-
-LAWS
LAWS
URMIKANT MANINANDAN SAHU

2. DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND REGULATION
DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND REGULATION
 Development Control Regulations are a set of rules that ensure the proper
and effective development of a city, as well as the general welfare of the
public.
 It is a mechanism that controls the development and use of land. This
involves the construction of new buildings, the extension of the existing
ones, and the change of use of the building or land to another use.
 DCR are a must for every growing city because the area immediately
 DCR are a must for every growing city because the area immediately
beyond the city limits is often a source of health risk to the city and
generally under no strict control of the effective local authority.
 The Metropolitan Commissioner is the supreme authority for review of
DCR’s provisions and his decision would be final. The Metropolitan
Commissioner could use his power to approve provisions of these
regulations excluding the provisions associated with Floor Space Index
(FSI).
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3. OBJECTIVES OF DCR
OBJECTIVES OF DCR
 To stop the unfavorable demand and misuse of land.
 To assist private interest along with public interest in all phases of
development.
Development control is legal in nature and the planning authority has the
power to punish the defaulters.
 To control and limit overcrowding on land.
 To control the private development as per the required rules in connection
to public safety, health, and convenience.
to public safety, health, and convenience.
(An Overcrowding situation)
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4. 1.
1. Town
Town and
and Country
Country Planning
Planning Act
Act
2.
2. Building
Building Bye
Bye-
-laws
laws
3.
3. Land
Land Acquisition
Acquisition Act
Act
4.
4. Zoning
Zoning Regulations
Regulations
5.
5. Slum
Slum Clearance
Clearance Act
Act
6.
6. Periphery
Periphery Control
Control Act
Act
TYPES OF DCR
TYPES OF DCR
6.
6. Periphery
Periphery Control
Control Act
Act
1.
1. Town and Country Planning Act
Town and Country Planning Act
States the policies and general proposals for the development and
other use of land in its area; Takes account of the policies
at national and regional level insofar as they affect the physical and
environmental planning of its area; and Provides the framework for
local plans.
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5. 2.
2. Building Bye
Building Bye-
-laws
laws
Building bye-laws are legal tools used to regulate coverage, height,
building bulk, and architectural design and construction aspects of
buildings so as to achieve orderly development of an area.
Purpose
Purpose
• Formulated primarily by a central authority, building bye-laws ensure
that constructions are not only safe but also adhere to aesthetic
standards.
• Building bye-laws also govern the provisions for open spaces in a
project, with the aim to ensure that developments do not turn the city
into a concrete jungle.
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6. BYE
BYE-
-
LAWS
LAWS
Area and
Area and
usage
usage
Building
Building
Height
Height
Building
Building
Coverage
Coverage Floor
Floor
Space
Space
Index
Index
Parking
Parking
facilities
facilities Fire
Fire
Provision
Provision
Provision
Provision
for
for Waste
Waste
Management
Management
Rain Water
Rain Water
Harvesting
Harvesting
Barrier free
Barrier free
Environment
Environment
Communication
Communication
Technology
Technology
LAWS
LAWS
(Aspects covered by building bye laws)
Density
Density
Basement
Basement
facilities
facilities
Green
Green
Spaces
Spaces
Open
Open
Spaces
Spaces
Setback &
Setback &
projection
projection
Amenities
Amenities Sewerage
Sewerage
Provision
Provision
for Water
for Water
Provision
Provision
for Power
for Power
Supply
Supply
for
for
elevators
elevators Management
Management
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7. Area
Area &
& Usage
Usage
• It defines which parcel area of land should used for which purpose.
• Some examples of land use are Residential, Commercial, Industrial,
Institutional etc.
• For that purpose colour codes are used to define a Land use.
Guidelines
Guidelines for
for provision
provision of
of Basement
Basement
• The minimum height of the basement should be 2.5 meters and the
maximum height 4.5 meters.
• The ceiling height should be a minimum of 0.9 meters and maximum of
• The ceiling height should be a minimum of 0.9 meters and maximum of
1.2 meters above the road surface.
• Ventilation is must for the basement and could be in the form of blowers,
exhaust fans, air-conditioning, etc.
• Surface drainage should not enter the basement.
• The basement’s walls and floors must be water-proof.
• The basement should not be accessed directly from the road. It should
be accessed only from the main entrance or an alternative staircase that
provides access to the building.
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8. Guidelines related to Building exits
Guidelines related to Building exits
• An exit must be provided in every building, so as to permit safe escape
of residents in times of fire or earthquakes etc.
• Exits are compulsory and these should be clearly visible to all and must
be illuminated. These cannot be reduced in number, width or by any other
means. The requisite number is dependent on occupancy load, capacity,
travel distance, etc.
• Alarms are necessary to ensure those in danger are evacuated
promptly.
promptly.
• Exits should be continuous, leading to the exterior of the building.
• Exits can be horizontal or vertical.
• Lifts and revolving doors are not exits.
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9. Floor Space Index
Floor Space Index
• It is the ratio of the covered area of a building (built-up area) to the area
of the plot (land) on which the building is meant to be built or stands. FSI
is the total amount of area (including all floors) that can be built upon a
plot, leaving the remaining as open space.
• As per the new rules, balconies, flower beds, voids and niches are
calculated in FSI and to compensate the loss, the government has
permitted fungible FSI up to 35 percent for residential and 20 percent for
commercial developments.
commercial developments.
Size of Plot
Size of Plot
As per the DCR, the size of plots appropriate for residential development
ranges according to the income level of occupants. The ideal size
requirements under DCR are -
1. Low-Income Group (LIG) - 135-180 Sq m
2. Mid-Income Group (MIG) - 216 to 360 Sq m
3. High-Income Group (HIG) - 486 to 972 Sq m
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10. No
Group of
occupancy
Number of occupants
Stairways Ramps Doors
1 Residential 25 50 75
2 Educational 25 50 75
3 Institutional 25 50 75
Capacity of exits in different types of buildings
Capacity of exits in different types of buildings
3 Institutional 25 50 75
4 Assembly 40 50 60
5 Business 50 60 75
6 Mercantile 50 60 75
7 Industrial 50 60 75
8 Storage 50 60 75
9 Hazardous 25 30 40
(Source; NBC Occupants per unit width)
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11. Occupant Load
Occupant Load
Sl.
No.
Type of Occupancy
Occupant Load per 100 sq
m. of Plinth or Covered
Area
1 Residential 8.0
2
Educational
25.0
3 Institutional 6.60
4
Assembly
(a) with fixed or loose seats and dance
floor
166.6
4 floor
(b) without seating facilities including
dining rooms
166.6
66.6
5
Mercantile
(a) street floor and sales basement
(b) upper sale floor
33.3
16.6
6 Business and industrial 10.0
7 Storage 3.3
8 Hazardous 10.0
(Source; NBC)
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12. Guidelines
Guidelines for
for Open
Open Areas
Areas
• Every room, habited by people, should open into an exterior or interior
open space or verandah.
• Open spaces should be counted in the FAR, as per the master plan.
• These areas should be free of erections of any kind, except cornice,
chajja or weather shade that is not more than 0.75 meters wide.
• Every interior or exterior or air space should be maintained for the
benefit of such building exclusively and shall be entirely within the
owner’s own premises.
owner’s own premises.
NBC
NBC guidelines
guidelines regarding
regarding fire
fire safety
safety
In large-sized buildings where accidents due to fire may not be easily
noticed, automatic fire detection and alarm facilities are a must and
should be provided. Not just this, such buildings should be provided with
and protected by fire extinguishers, wet risers, automatic sprinkler
installations, etc. These shall be in accordance with the set standards.
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13. RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS (A)
• For Lodging or Rooming Houses, Fire Extinguisher, hose reel, automatic
sprinkler system, a terrace tank of 5000litres to 10000 litres should be
installed.
• For one or two family private dwellings none of these are required.
• For dorms and apartment houses, installation of fire extinguisher, hose
reel, automatic sprinkler system, and terrace tank ranging from 5000 L to
Minimum Requirements for Fire Fighting Installations
Minimum Requirements for Fire Fighting Installations
reel, automatic sprinkler system, and terrace tank ranging from 5000 L to
25000 L according to the building height is required.
• For dorms and apartments, the buildings above 35m requires wet riser,
manually operated electric fire alarm system and an underground static
water storage tank installation.
• In residential hotels, installation of fire extinguisher, hose reel, wet
riser, yard hydrant, automatic sprinkler system, manually operated
electric fire alarm system ,underground static water storage tank
installation, and terrace tank ranging from 5000L to 20000L.
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14. EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS (B)
For Ground plus one storey buildings and ground plus 2 or more storey
buildings installation of fire extinguisher, hose reel, automatic sprinkler
system and terrace tanks ranging from 5000L to 25000L is mandatory.
INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS (C)
For Hospitals, Sanatoria and Nursing Homes installation of fire extinguisher,
hose reel, automatic sprinkler system, manually operated electric fire alarm
system and terrace tank ranging from 2500 to 20000 L.
HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS (J)
HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS (J)
• For Single storey buildings fire extinguisher, hose reel, yard hydrant,
automatic sprinkler system, manually operated electric fire alarm system,
Automatic Detection and Alarm System ,Underground Static Water Storage
Tank is required to be installed.
• For more than one floor building fire extinguisher, hose reel, wet riser, down
comer, yard hydrant, automatic sprinkler system, manually operated electric
fire alarm system, Automatic Detection and Alarm System , Underground Static
Water Storage Tank and terrace tank of 50000 L is required to be installed.
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15. (Some fire fighting installations)
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3.. Land Acquisition Act
Land Acquisition Act
Land acquisition is the power of the union or a state government in India
to acquire private land for the purpose of industrialization, development of
infrastructural facilities or urbanization of the private land, and to
compensate the affected land owners for their rehabilitation and
resettlement.
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16. 4.
4. Zoning regulations
Zoning regulations
The purpose of zoning is to allow local and national authorities to
regulate and control land and property markets to ensure
complementary uses. Zoning can also provide the opportunity to
stimulate or slow down development in specific areas.
Advantages of zoning
Advantages of zoning
 Zoning enforces many restrictions like height limitations, space
requirement, building size, and other development standards. These
restrictions and standards help prevent overcrowding in the specified
area by limiting the amount and sizes of structures and parcels.
 Zoning protects existing property values by preventing incompatible
uses of a property. For example, a bar would not be allowed near an
elementary school
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17.  Zoning checks buildings from being built too close to each other.
 Zoning protects recreational areas and allows for more open spaces
in the neighborhood.
 Zoning has aesthetic values in its aim to enhance the beauty of a
community by requiring landscaping, buffers, and parking lot
improvements.
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5.. Slum Clearance Act
Slum Clearance Act
Slum clearance, slum eviction or slum removal is an urban renewal
Slum clearance, slum eviction or slum removal is an urban renewal
strategy used to transform low income settlements with poor reputation
into another type of development or housing.
6.
6. Periphery control Act
Periphery control Act
An Act to control and regulate the Periphery of [the territories which
immediately before the 1st November, 1966, comprised the new Capital]
the State of Punjab.
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18. URMIKANT MANINANDAN SAHU