Determinants of personality
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
13 likes•7,426 views
Determinants of personality. Methods of personality. how does personality influence organisational behaviour?
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Nature and scope of social psychology lecture 2
This document provides an overview of the nature and scope of social psychology. It discusses how social psychology examines social situational influences on individual psychology and behavior, as well as the mutual influence between individuals and situations. The scope of social psychology can be expansive, as it considers the influence of real or imagined others, as well as broader ecological and cultural factors. While related to sociology, social psychology focuses primarily on measuring psychological responses at the individual level through experimental methods. It also differentiates itself from personality psychology by emphasizing how situations and subjective perceptions shape outcomes more than stable personality traits.
Humanist perspective
The humanist perspective focuses on free will and individual responsibility for one's outcomes. It was created in the 1960s as a third force in psychology to replace psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Key figures included Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Rollo May. Maslow believed psychology ignored positive aspects like happiness. Rogers developed the idea of unconditional positive regard and congruence between one's inner feelings and outward presentation. He observed that conditional positive regard can lead people to suppress feelings and deny their true selves. May emphasized the unavoidable difficulties of human existence like loneliness and the search for meaning.
DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY
Personality is determined by a combination of biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors. Biological factors include hereditary traits and physical characteristics that are passed down from parents to children. Social factors encompass the environments and relationships that influence a person from infancy onward. Cultural determinants consist of the traditions, beliefs, and norms of the society in which one lives. Additionally, situational factors can alter behavior depending on the specific context. Overall, personality is unique to each individual and represents the sum of innate and learned qualities that impact thoughts, actions, and interactions with others.
Intelligence Testing
The document discusses various perspectives on intelligence and the history and types of intelligence tests. It defines intelligence as the ability to think, solve problems, and understand social norms. It outlines theories of intelligence from Wechsler, Neisser, Gardner that proposed multiple types of intelligence. The history of intelligence testing is reviewed from Binet's early IQ tests to current tests like the WAIS and WISC. Intelligence tests are described as measuring problem solving, comprehension, and reasoning abilities.
6. limitations of psychological tests S.Lakshmanan Psychologist
Psychological tests have limitations because the human psyche is complex and difficult to fully understand through testing alone. Test results can be impacted by factors like test anxiety, negative attitudes towards testing, and require administration and interpretation by qualified psychologists. Psychological tests are not completely valid or reliable for assessing an individual due to the uncertainties of human behavior and influence of external factors on testing outcomes.
Observational Learning Slides
Observational learning occurs when people learn new behaviors by watching others. Three key studies demonstrated this:
1. Bandura's Bobo doll experiment showed that children who observed an adult acting aggressively towards a Bobo doll were more likely to mimic that aggressive behavior, while children who saw a neutral adult did not.
2. Experiments with animals like hummingbirds found that birds learned to use a new type of feeder faster when able to observe a "tutor" bird using it first.
3. Brain scans show our brains activate in similar ways both when performing an action and when watching someone else perform it, suggesting we mentally rehearse observed behaviors.
Cattell's Theory of Personality
Raymond Bernard Cattell was a British and American psychologist known for describing behavior and developing theories of intelligence and personality. He proposed two types of general intelligence: fluid intelligence, which involves abstract reasoning and decreases with age, and crystallized intelligence, which involves learned skills and knowledge and increases with age. Cattell also developed theories of personality, including the Big Five personality traits of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Additionally, he proposed 16 primary personality factors and 5 global factors to comprehensively classify human personality. Cattell made major contributions through his extensive research and publication of over 500 articles and 50 books.
9 Bhatia Battery Performance Test.pptx
The document discusses definitions of intelligence from various scholars and researchers over time. It then describes different types of intelligence tests, including individual tests, group tests, verbal tests, and performance tests. It provides details about the Bhatia Performance Tests of Intelligence, developed in 1955 for the Indian population, including its five subtests and standardization process. It outlines administration instructions and scoring for the Koh's Block Design Test and Pass-A-Long Test subtests. Finally, it discusses intelligence quotient (IQ) classifications and references used.
Recommended
Nature and scope of social psychology lecture 2
This document provides an overview of the nature and scope of social psychology. It discusses how social psychology examines social situational influences on individual psychology and behavior, as well as the mutual influence between individuals and situations. The scope of social psychology can be expansive, as it considers the influence of real or imagined others, as well as broader ecological and cultural factors. While related to sociology, social psychology focuses primarily on measuring psychological responses at the individual level through experimental methods. It also differentiates itself from personality psychology by emphasizing how situations and subjective perceptions shape outcomes more than stable personality traits.
Humanist perspective
The humanist perspective focuses on free will and individual responsibility for one's outcomes. It was created in the 1960s as a third force in psychology to replace psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Key figures included Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Rollo May. Maslow believed psychology ignored positive aspects like happiness. Rogers developed the idea of unconditional positive regard and congruence between one's inner feelings and outward presentation. He observed that conditional positive regard can lead people to suppress feelings and deny their true selves. May emphasized the unavoidable difficulties of human existence like loneliness and the search for meaning.
DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY
Personality is determined by a combination of biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors. Biological factors include hereditary traits and physical characteristics that are passed down from parents to children. Social factors encompass the environments and relationships that influence a person from infancy onward. Cultural determinants consist of the traditions, beliefs, and norms of the society in which one lives. Additionally, situational factors can alter behavior depending on the specific context. Overall, personality is unique to each individual and represents the sum of innate and learned qualities that impact thoughts, actions, and interactions with others.
Intelligence Testing
The document discusses various perspectives on intelligence and the history and types of intelligence tests. It defines intelligence as the ability to think, solve problems, and understand social norms. It outlines theories of intelligence from Wechsler, Neisser, Gardner that proposed multiple types of intelligence. The history of intelligence testing is reviewed from Binet's early IQ tests to current tests like the WAIS and WISC. Intelligence tests are described as measuring problem solving, comprehension, and reasoning abilities.
6. limitations of psychological tests S.Lakshmanan Psychologist
Psychological tests have limitations because the human psyche is complex and difficult to fully understand through testing alone. Test results can be impacted by factors like test anxiety, negative attitudes towards testing, and require administration and interpretation by qualified psychologists. Psychological tests are not completely valid or reliable for assessing an individual due to the uncertainties of human behavior and influence of external factors on testing outcomes.
Observational Learning Slides
Observational learning occurs when people learn new behaviors by watching others. Three key studies demonstrated this:
1. Bandura's Bobo doll experiment showed that children who observed an adult acting aggressively towards a Bobo doll were more likely to mimic that aggressive behavior, while children who saw a neutral adult did not.
2. Experiments with animals like hummingbirds found that birds learned to use a new type of feeder faster when able to observe a "tutor" bird using it first.
3. Brain scans show our brains activate in similar ways both when performing an action and when watching someone else perform it, suggesting we mentally rehearse observed behaviors.
Cattell's Theory of Personality
Raymond Bernard Cattell was a British and American psychologist known for describing behavior and developing theories of intelligence and personality. He proposed two types of general intelligence: fluid intelligence, which involves abstract reasoning and decreases with age, and crystallized intelligence, which involves learned skills and knowledge and increases with age. Cattell also developed theories of personality, including the Big Five personality traits of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Additionally, he proposed 16 primary personality factors and 5 global factors to comprehensively classify human personality. Cattell made major contributions through his extensive research and publication of over 500 articles and 50 books.
9 Bhatia Battery Performance Test.pptx
The document discusses definitions of intelligence from various scholars and researchers over time. It then describes different types of intelligence tests, including individual tests, group tests, verbal tests, and performance tests. It provides details about the Bhatia Performance Tests of Intelligence, developed in 1955 for the Indian population, including its five subtests and standardization process. It outlines administration instructions and scoring for the Koh's Block Design Test and Pass-A-Long Test subtests. Finally, it discusses intelligence quotient (IQ) classifications and references used.
Allport's Theory of Personality
Gordon Allport's theory of personality emphasized the uniqueness of each individual. He believed traits formed the basic building blocks of personality and developed from habits gained through experience. Allport defined personality as the dynamic organization within a person of psychophysical systems that determine their characteristic behaviors and thoughts. He saw both conscious and unconscious factors as influencing personality. The theory focused on traits, intentions, and the proprium (personal values and identity) to describe individual personalities. While influential, critics found the theory too philosophical and not empirically validated.
Behaviorism in Psychology
Behaviorism is a theory of learning that states all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment. It focuses only on observable behaviors and their relationship to environmental stimuli. The two major types of conditioning are classical and operant conditioning. Operant conditioning involves reinforcing or punishing behaviors to increase or decrease their frequency. B.F. Skinner significantly expanded on operant conditioning principles through his research. Behaviorism provided a scientific framework for psychology but was later criticized for ignoring internal mental states.
Kurt lewin's field theory
Learning is a process of perceptual organization or reorganization of one’s life space involving insight and emphasizes on behavior and motivation in learning
Gordon Allport (1897–1967) Trait Theory
Allport's personality Theory separates all traits into three basic subcategories: Cardinal, Central, and Secondary traits. This trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed of broad dispositions. It is also based mainly on differences between individuals. The combination and interaction of various traits form a personality that is unique to each individual, this theory focused on identifying and measuring these individual personality characteristics.
Nature and use of Psychological Tests
Psychological tests are formal tools used to measure mental functioning and behaviors. They can be administered in various settings like schools, hospitals, and workplaces to assess abilities, personality, and neurological status. Common uses of tests include education placement, career counseling, diagnosing disorders, and selecting job applicants. Tests vary in their administration method, targeted behaviors, and purpose between ability, personality, and clinical domains. Proper tests are standardized, objective, use norms, and are reliable and valid measures of their intended construct.
behaviorism school of thought
The document discusses several influential psychologists and their theories, including Ivan Pavlov and his work on classical conditioning using dogs, John B. Watson who believed environment shapes behavior and conducted experiments on conditioning in infants, and B.F. Skinner who introduced the theory of operant conditioning and used Skinner boxes to study reinforcement. It also mentions Edward Thorndike's law of effect and Ivan Sechenov and his studies on reflexes in the brain.
psychological perspectives
The document discusses the major psychological perspectives in psychology. It defines psychology as the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. It outlines five main perspectives: neuroscience which studies biological functioning and heredity; psychodynamic which focuses on unconscious drives and childhood experiences; behavioral which examines observable behavior and conditioning; cognitive which views people as information processors; and humanistic which emphasizes free will and self-actualization. Each perspective is described in one to two sentences with their key theorists and approaches.
History Of Cognitive Psychology
1. History Of Cognitive Psychology
2. Definition
3. Assumptions
4. History
5. Philosophical Roots
6. Empiricism
7. Descartes/JohnLocke
8. Immanuel Kant
9. Structuralism
10. Functionalism
11. Behaviorism
12. Cognitive Approach
13. Applications
14. Questions
Personality assessment.pptx
Personality assessment involves measuring an individual's unique characteristics. It can be used to aid in clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and determining strengths and weaknesses. The process involves clarifying the referral question, selecting appropriate tests, administering tests in a standardized way, interpreting results based on empirical data and clinical judgment, and reporting findings in a clear and readable manner while considering cultural context.
Personality assessment
This document discusses personality assessment and different methods used to assess personality. It defines personality as characteristics that form an individual's distinct character. Personality assessment measures personal traits and is used to further psychological research and make wise decisions. There are several types of personality tests, including interviews, behavioral observation, projective tests, and objective tests. Interviews involve asking questions to elicit information while behavioral observation draws conclusions based on observed actions. Projective tests use ambiguous stimuli to trigger inner projections and objective tests present statements rather than ambiguous images. Common personality tests discussed are the MMPI, MBTI, Rorschach inkblot test, and thematic apperception test.
Spearman 2 factor theory
Spearman's two-factor theory proposes that intelligence consists of two factors: general intelligence (G factor) and specific abilities (S factors). G factor is an innate general mental ability that is used in all cognitive tasks. S factors are specific learned abilities that vary between tasks. According to Spearman's theory, an individual's performance on a task is determined by both their level of G factor and the specific S factors required for that task. The theory provided insights into the nature of intelligence and implications for education, such as the need to develop both general and specific abilities.
Classical Conditioning by Ivan Pavlov.
Psychology . Classical Conditioning by Ivan Pavlov and Watson.
the Little Albert Experiment and some basic applications of classical conditioning.
Behavioral assessment
This document discusses behavioral assessment approaches. It begins by defining behavioral assessment as focusing on interactions between situations and behaviors to effect change. It then provides a brief history of behaviorism and influential theorists like Pavlov, Skinner. Key aspects of behavioral assessment are that it views test responses as samples of behavior and uses functional analysis models like SORC and ABC to understand behaviors. Common behavioral assessment methods described include behavioral interviews, observational techniques, controlled performance, self-monitoring, role-playing, inventories, and cognitive-behavioral assessments.
Unit 04 personality in educational psychology
Unit 04 personality in educational psychology Course code 0840 Educational psychology from ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD.
prepared by Ms. SAMAN BIBI & Mariam Rafique
History of intelligence test
Alfred Binet invented the first intelligence test, the Binet-Simon scale, in 1904 to identify children with special needs. Lewis Terman later adapted Binet's tests in 1911 to numerically measure intelligence and created the Stanford-Binet IQ test. Several other theories and tests of intelligence were then developed, including Thurstone's theory of primary mental abilities, Wechsler's Adult Intelligence Scale with 11 subtests, Sternberg's triarchic theory of analytical, creative and practical intelligence, and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences involving linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal and intrapersonal types of intelligence.
124. Personality Assessment
This document discusses personality assessment and different methods used for assessment. It describes that personality assessment involves administering empirically supported measures of personality traits to refine diagnoses, structure interventions, and increase behavioral prediction accuracy. It discusses various methods like self-report inventories, projective tests, behavioral assessments using observation and situational tests, rating scales, and frequency counts. It provides details on commonly used assessments like MMPI, Rorschach, and classifications of self-report personality tests.
Personality - Definition, Meaning and Nature
Personality is defined as a unique set of traits and characteristics that are relatively stable over time but may change over a longer term. It is a dynamic organization within an individual that determines their adjustment to their environment. Personality includes everything about a person and is a unique organization of their behavior that functions as a unified whole. Personality is shaped by both heredity and a person's environment and learning experiences.
What is Cognitive Psychology?
Nature of Cognitive Psychology & Current Trends
According to Neisser(1967), Cognitive Psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with how people acquire, store, transform, use and communicate information.
Cognitive Psychology deals with our mental life; what goes inside our heads when we perceive, attend, remember, think, categorize, reason, decide, and so forth.
Hans Eysenck theory of Personality
Hans Eysenck theorized personality to be genetically embedded. He narrowed personality to 3 types Psychoticism, Neuroticism and Extroverted
Observational learning
Observational learning is learning that occurs through observing others, also known as modeling. A significant amount of learning, especially in childhood, happens this way as people watch and imitate others. Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory emphasized that people learn by observing models and believing they can also influence events through their own behaviors. The modeling process involves paying attention, retaining information, being able to reproduce behaviors, and having motivation.
Thinking out of the box
The merchant's daughter was faced with a dilemma where she had to choose between a black or white pebble from a bag to determine if she would marry the moneylender or save her father from debt. She realized there were two black pebbles in the bag, making the choice unfair. Instead of directly confronting the moneylender, she secretly dropped the pebble she picked and suggested he look in the bag to see what was left, implying she picked the white pebble to avoid marriage while still saving her father. The story shows the value of thinking creatively about complex problems rather than just logically.
A Story of Two Pebbles
The farmer's daughter uses her cleverness to resolve her dilemma in a peaceful manner. The farmer owes a debt and the lender proposes cancelling it if he can marry the daughter. She notices he places two black pebbles in the bag instead of one of each color. When she draws a pebble, she drops it in the road containing similarly colored stones. She suggests drawing the other to determine the first's color, knowing this exposes the lender tried to cheat but also finds a solution to determine the true color without conflict.
More Related Content
What's hot
Allport's Theory of Personality
Gordon Allport's theory of personality emphasized the uniqueness of each individual. He believed traits formed the basic building blocks of personality and developed from habits gained through experience. Allport defined personality as the dynamic organization within a person of psychophysical systems that determine their characteristic behaviors and thoughts. He saw both conscious and unconscious factors as influencing personality. The theory focused on traits, intentions, and the proprium (personal values and identity) to describe individual personalities. While influential, critics found the theory too philosophical and not empirically validated.
Behaviorism in Psychology
Behaviorism is a theory of learning that states all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment. It focuses only on observable behaviors and their relationship to environmental stimuli. The two major types of conditioning are classical and operant conditioning. Operant conditioning involves reinforcing or punishing behaviors to increase or decrease their frequency. B.F. Skinner significantly expanded on operant conditioning principles through his research. Behaviorism provided a scientific framework for psychology but was later criticized for ignoring internal mental states.
Kurt lewin's field theory
Learning is a process of perceptual organization or reorganization of one’s life space involving insight and emphasizes on behavior and motivation in learning
Gordon Allport (1897–1967) Trait Theory
Allport's personality Theory separates all traits into three basic subcategories: Cardinal, Central, and Secondary traits. This trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed of broad dispositions. It is also based mainly on differences between individuals. The combination and interaction of various traits form a personality that is unique to each individual, this theory focused on identifying and measuring these individual personality characteristics.
Nature and use of Psychological Tests
Psychological tests are formal tools used to measure mental functioning and behaviors. They can be administered in various settings like schools, hospitals, and workplaces to assess abilities, personality, and neurological status. Common uses of tests include education placement, career counseling, diagnosing disorders, and selecting job applicants. Tests vary in their administration method, targeted behaviors, and purpose between ability, personality, and clinical domains. Proper tests are standardized, objective, use norms, and are reliable and valid measures of their intended construct.
behaviorism school of thought
The document discusses several influential psychologists and their theories, including Ivan Pavlov and his work on classical conditioning using dogs, John B. Watson who believed environment shapes behavior and conducted experiments on conditioning in infants, and B.F. Skinner who introduced the theory of operant conditioning and used Skinner boxes to study reinforcement. It also mentions Edward Thorndike's law of effect and Ivan Sechenov and his studies on reflexes in the brain.
psychological perspectives
The document discusses the major psychological perspectives in psychology. It defines psychology as the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. It outlines five main perspectives: neuroscience which studies biological functioning and heredity; psychodynamic which focuses on unconscious drives and childhood experiences; behavioral which examines observable behavior and conditioning; cognitive which views people as information processors; and humanistic which emphasizes free will and self-actualization. Each perspective is described in one to two sentences with their key theorists and approaches.
History Of Cognitive Psychology
1. History Of Cognitive Psychology
2. Definition
3. Assumptions
4. History
5. Philosophical Roots
6. Empiricism
7. Descartes/JohnLocke
8. Immanuel Kant
9. Structuralism
10. Functionalism
11. Behaviorism
12. Cognitive Approach
13. Applications
14. Questions
Personality assessment.pptx
Personality assessment involves measuring an individual's unique characteristics. It can be used to aid in clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and determining strengths and weaknesses. The process involves clarifying the referral question, selecting appropriate tests, administering tests in a standardized way, interpreting results based on empirical data and clinical judgment, and reporting findings in a clear and readable manner while considering cultural context.
Personality assessment
This document discusses personality assessment and different methods used to assess personality. It defines personality as characteristics that form an individual's distinct character. Personality assessment measures personal traits and is used to further psychological research and make wise decisions. There are several types of personality tests, including interviews, behavioral observation, projective tests, and objective tests. Interviews involve asking questions to elicit information while behavioral observation draws conclusions based on observed actions. Projective tests use ambiguous stimuli to trigger inner projections and objective tests present statements rather than ambiguous images. Common personality tests discussed are the MMPI, MBTI, Rorschach inkblot test, and thematic apperception test.
Spearman 2 factor theory
Spearman's two-factor theory proposes that intelligence consists of two factors: general intelligence (G factor) and specific abilities (S factors). G factor is an innate general mental ability that is used in all cognitive tasks. S factors are specific learned abilities that vary between tasks. According to Spearman's theory, an individual's performance on a task is determined by both their level of G factor and the specific S factors required for that task. The theory provided insights into the nature of intelligence and implications for education, such as the need to develop both general and specific abilities.
Classical Conditioning by Ivan Pavlov.
Psychology . Classical Conditioning by Ivan Pavlov and Watson.
the Little Albert Experiment and some basic applications of classical conditioning.
Behavioral assessment
This document discusses behavioral assessment approaches. It begins by defining behavioral assessment as focusing on interactions between situations and behaviors to effect change. It then provides a brief history of behaviorism and influential theorists like Pavlov, Skinner. Key aspects of behavioral assessment are that it views test responses as samples of behavior and uses functional analysis models like SORC and ABC to understand behaviors. Common behavioral assessment methods described include behavioral interviews, observational techniques, controlled performance, self-monitoring, role-playing, inventories, and cognitive-behavioral assessments.
Unit 04 personality in educational psychology
Unit 04 personality in educational psychology Course code 0840 Educational psychology from ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD.
prepared by Ms. SAMAN BIBI & Mariam Rafique
History of intelligence test
Alfred Binet invented the first intelligence test, the Binet-Simon scale, in 1904 to identify children with special needs. Lewis Terman later adapted Binet's tests in 1911 to numerically measure intelligence and created the Stanford-Binet IQ test. Several other theories and tests of intelligence were then developed, including Thurstone's theory of primary mental abilities, Wechsler's Adult Intelligence Scale with 11 subtests, Sternberg's triarchic theory of analytical, creative and practical intelligence, and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences involving linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal and intrapersonal types of intelligence.
124. Personality Assessment
This document discusses personality assessment and different methods used for assessment. It describes that personality assessment involves administering empirically supported measures of personality traits to refine diagnoses, structure interventions, and increase behavioral prediction accuracy. It discusses various methods like self-report inventories, projective tests, behavioral assessments using observation and situational tests, rating scales, and frequency counts. It provides details on commonly used assessments like MMPI, Rorschach, and classifications of self-report personality tests.
Personality - Definition, Meaning and Nature
Personality is defined as a unique set of traits and characteristics that are relatively stable over time but may change over a longer term. It is a dynamic organization within an individual that determines their adjustment to their environment. Personality includes everything about a person and is a unique organization of their behavior that functions as a unified whole. Personality is shaped by both heredity and a person's environment and learning experiences.
What is Cognitive Psychology?
Nature of Cognitive Psychology & Current Trends
According to Neisser(1967), Cognitive Psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with how people acquire, store, transform, use and communicate information.
Cognitive Psychology deals with our mental life; what goes inside our heads when we perceive, attend, remember, think, categorize, reason, decide, and so forth.
Hans Eysenck theory of Personality
Hans Eysenck theorized personality to be genetically embedded. He narrowed personality to 3 types Psychoticism, Neuroticism and Extroverted
Observational learning
Observational learning is learning that occurs through observing others, also known as modeling. A significant amount of learning, especially in childhood, happens this way as people watch and imitate others. Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory emphasized that people learn by observing models and believing they can also influence events through their own behaviors. The modeling process involves paying attention, retaining information, being able to reproduce behaviors, and having motivation.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Determinants of personality
Thinking out of the box
The merchant's daughter was faced with a dilemma where she had to choose between a black or white pebble from a bag to determine if she would marry the moneylender or save her father from debt. She realized there were two black pebbles in the bag, making the choice unfair. Instead of directly confronting the moneylender, she secretly dropped the pebble she picked and suggested he look in the bag to see what was left, implying she picked the white pebble to avoid marriage while still saving her father. The story shows the value of thinking creatively about complex problems rather than just logically.
A Story of Two Pebbles
The farmer's daughter uses her cleverness to resolve her dilemma in a peaceful manner. The farmer owes a debt and the lender proposes cancelling it if he can marry the daughter. She notices he places two black pebbles in the bag instead of one of each color. When she draws a pebble, she drops it in the road containing similarly colored stones. She suggests drawing the other to determine the first's color, knowing this exposes the lender tried to cheat but also finds a solution to determine the true color without conflict.
Chinese pebbles
1) A farmer owed a large debt to an ugly old man that was due, and if not repaid would result in debtor's prison.
2) The old man proposed canceling the debt if he could marry the farmer's daughter, leaving her and her father horrified.
3) He devised a game where she would pick a pebble from a bag, with one resulting in marriage and debt cancellation and the other just debt cancellation, refusing meant prison.
4) Noticing two black pebbles were picked, the clever daughter dropped her pebble mixing it among the road pebbles to reveal the old man's cheating and find an advantageous solution.
Storyofthetwopebbles
There was a farmer who owed a debt to an ugly old man. The old man proposed that if the farmer's daughter married him, the debt would be eliminated. However, the daughter and farmer did not want this. The old man said the daughter could pick a pebble from a bag - if it was black, she must marry him, and if it was white, she did not have to marry him. However, the daughter noticed he had placed two black pebbles in the bag. Rather than pick a pebble, she dropped the one in her hand on the ground, mixing it with others. She then removed the other pebble from the bag, proving it was black, so the first must have
Story of the two pebbles
There was a farmer who owed a debt to an ugly old man. The old man proposed that if the farmer's daughter married him, the debt would be eliminated. However, the daughter and farmer did not want this. The old man said the daughter could pick a pebble from a bag - if it was black, she must marry him, and if it was white, she did not have to marry him. However, the daughter noticed he had placed two black pebbles in the bag. Rather than pick a pebble, she dropped the one in her hand on the ground, mixing it with others. She then removed the other pebble from the bag, proving it was black, so the first must have
Storyofthetwopebbles
There was a farmer who owed a debt to an ugly old man. The old man proposed that if the farmer's daughter married him, the debt would be eliminated. However, the daughter and farmer did not want this. The old man said the daughter could pick a pebble from a bag - if it was black, she must marry him, and if it was white, she did not have to marry him. However, the daughter noticed he had placed two black pebbles in the bag. Rather than pick a pebble, she dropped the one in her hand on the ground, mixing it with others. She then removed the other pebble from the bag, proving it was black, so the first must have
Storyofthetwopebbles (2)
There was a farmer who owed a debt to an ugly old man. The old man proposed that if the farmer's daughter married him, the debt would be eliminated. However, the daughter and farmer did not want this. The old man said the daughter could pick a pebble from a bag - if it was black, she must marry him, and if it was white, she did not have to marry him. However, the daughter noticed he had placed two black pebbles in the bag. Rather than pick a pebble, she dropped the one in her hand on the ground, mixing it with others. She then removed the other pebble from the bag, proving it was black, so the first must have
Storyofthetwopebbles
There was a farmer who owed a debt to an ugly old man. The old man proposed that if the farmer's daughter married him, the debt would be eliminated. However, the daughter and farmer did not want this. The old man said the daughter could pick a pebble from a bag - if it was black, she must marry him, and if it was white, she did not have to marry him. However, the daughter noticed he had placed two black pebbles in the bag. Rather than pick a pebble, she dropped the one in her hand on the ground, mixing it with others. She then removed the other pebble from the bag, proving it was black, so the first must have
A story of the two pebbles
There was a farmer who owed a debt to an ugly old man. The old man proposed that if the farmer's daughter married him, the debt would be erased. However, the daughter and farmer did not want this. The old man said the daughter could pick a pebble from a bag - if it was black, she must marry him, and if it was white, she did not have to marry him. However, the daughter noticed he had placed two black pebbles in the bag. Rather than pick a pebble, she dropped the one in her hand on the ground, mixing it with the others. She then removed the other pebble from the bag, showing it was black, so the first pe
Chinese pebbles
A farmer owed a large debt to an ugly old man that would result in debtor's prison if not repaid. With a bad harvest, the farmer could not pay. The old man proposed marrying the farmer's daughter to cancel the debt. She was given the choice to pick a pebble from a bag - black meant marriage, white meant freedom but debt remains. However, when she picked she dropped it, mixing with the road pebbles. Realizing the second pebble would determine the first, she revealed both pebbles were black, outsmarting the old man and freeing her father without sacrificing herself. The story illustrates using lateral thinking to solve problems that traditional logic cannot.
Chinese Pebbles
A farmer owed a large debt to an ugly old man that would result in debtor's prison if not repaid. With a bad harvest, the farmer could not pay. The old man proposed marrying his beautiful daughter to cancel the debt. She was given a bag with two pebbles, one black and one white. If she picked black, she must marry; white cancels the debt. However, the old man secretly put two black pebbles in the bag. The clever daughter pretended to drop her pebble in the road, then removed the other pebble to reveal the old man's deception and find a solution without marrying him or imprisoning her father.
Chinese Pebbles
A farmer owed a large debt to an ugly old man that would result in debtor's prison if not repaid. With a bad harvest, the farmer could not pay. The old man proposed marrying the farmer's daughter to cancel the debt. She was given the choice to pick a pebble from a bag - black meant marriage, white meant freedom but debt remains. However, when she picked she dropped it, mixing with the road pebbles. Realizing the second pebble would determine the first, she revealed both pebbles were black, outsmarting the cheating old man and freeing her father without sacrificing herself. The story illustrates using lateral thinking to solve problems that traditional logic cannot.
Chinese pebbles
A farmer owed a large debt to an ugly old man that would result in debtor's prison if not repaid. With a bad harvest, the farmer could not pay. The old man proposed marrying the farmer's daughter to cancel the debt. She was given the choice to pick a pebble from a bag - black meant marriage, white meant freedom but debt remains. However, when she picked she dropped it, mixing with the road pebbles. Realizing the second pebble would determine the first, she revealed both pebbles were black, outsmarting the old man and freeing her father without sacrificing herself. The story illustrates using lateral thinking to solve problems that traditional logic cannot.
Chinese Pebbles
A farmer owed a large debt to an ugly old man that would result in debtor's prison if not repaid. With a bad harvest, the farmer could not pay. The old man proposed marrying the farmer's daughter to cancel the debt. She was given the choice to pick a pebble from a bag - black meant marriage, white meant freedom but debt remains. However, when she picked she dropped it, mixing with the road pebbles. Realizing the second pebble would determine the first, she revealed both pebbles were black, outsmarting the old man and freeing her father without sacrificing herself. The story illustrates using lateral thinking to solve problems that traditional logic cannot.
Chinese pebbles
A solution exists for most problems. It's just that we do not know how to examine all the angles of situations...
Lateral Thinking Puzzle - The Moneylender
This story is used with the hope that it will make us appreciate the difference between lateral and logical thinking.
Storyofthetwopebbles
The document summarizes a story about a farmer's daughter who is faced with a dilemma. An old man who is owed a debt by the farmer proposes that he will cancel the debt if the daughter marries him. As an alternative, he puts two black pebbles in a bag and tells her if she picks the black pebble she must marry him, but if she picks the white pebble she does not have to marry him. However, the daughter notices he has put two black pebbles in the bag. Through clever lateral thinking, she is able to determine that the first pebble she picked must have been white, getting herself out of the impossible situation. The moral is that solutions can be found for most
Storyofthetwopebbles
A farmer's daughter is faced with a dilemma when an ugly old man who is owed a debt proposes to annul it if she marries him. He puts two black pebbles in a bag and tells her if she picks one, she must marry him. However, if she picks the white pebble or refuses, her father will go to jail. Noticing he used two black pebbles, she cleverly drops the one she picks so its color can't be identified, but reveals his cheating by having him show the other pebble, which is also black. This allows her to avoid marrying him and saves her father from imprisonment.
Story of the two pebbles
A farmer owed a debt to an ugly old man who proposed to annul the debt if he could marry the farmer's daughter. The old man said he would put two pebbles in a bag - if she picked the black pebble she must marry him, and if white the debt is cancelled. However, the daughter noticed he put two black pebbles in the bag. When it was time to pick, she deliberately dropped the pebble on the ground before revealing its color, then suggested removing the other to determine the first pebble's color, outwitting the old man and resolving the dilemma. The story illustrates using lateral thinking to solve problems traditionally unsolvable through logic alone.
Twopebbles
A farmer owed a debt to an ugly old man who proposed to annul the debt if he could marry the farmer's daughter. The old man said he would put two pebbles in a bag - if she picked the black pebble she would have to marry him, and if she picked the white pebble she wouldn't. However, the daughter noticed he had put two black pebbles in the bag. Rather than pick, she dropped the pebble on the ground, then said she would remove the other pebble to determine which she had originally picked. Since the second pebble was black, the first must have been white, avoiding the marriage.
Similar to Determinants of personality (20)
Recently uploaded
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdHow to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaTypes of Herbal Cosmetics its standardization.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Recently uploaded (20)
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Determinants of personality
- 1. SUBMITTED BY : DIPALI BAHRI
- 5. MONOZYGOTIC TWINS : *Develop from a “Single fertilized egg.” *They are commonly known as “ Identical twins” *They are of same sex and look alike.
- 6. DIZYGOTIC TWINS *Develop from two separate zygote *They are commonly known as fraternal twins *They may or may not be of the same sex and they does not look alike.
- 8. Brain is one of the most important factors of personality determinant. *Electrical Stimulation of the Brain (ESB) *Split Brain Psychology (SBP)
- 9. Biofeedback is a technique that trains people to improve their health by controlling certain bodily processes that normally happen involuntarily, such as heart rate, blood pressure, muscle tension, and skin temperature.
- 11. l
- 13. Culture
- 14. Culture
- 15. Social factors “A man is known by the company he keeps”
- 16. When we are no longer able to change a situation - we are challenged to change ourselves. Viktor E.
- 17. Situation Many years ago in a small Italian town, a merchant had the misfortune of owing a large sum of money to the moneylender. The moneylender, who was old and ugly, fancied the merchant’s beautiful daughter so he proposed a bargain. He said he would forgo the merchant’s debt if he could marry the daughter. Both the merchant and his daughter were horrified by the proposal. The moneylender told them that he would put a black pebble and a white pebble into an empty bag. The girl would then have to pick one pebble from the bag. If she picked the black pebble, she would become the moneylender’s wife and her father’s debt would be forgiven. If she picked the white pebble she need not marry him and her father’s debt would still be forgiven. But if she refused to pick a pebble, her father would be thrown into jail. They were standing on a pebble street path in the merchant’s garden. As they talked, the moneylender bent over to pick up two pebbles. As he picked them up, the sharp- eyed girl noticed that he had picked up two black pebbles and put them into the bag. He then asked the girl to pick her pebble from the bag. What would you have done if you were the girl? If you had to advise her, what would you have told her?
- 18. The girl put her hand into the moneybag and drew out a pebble. Without looking at it, she fumbled and let it fall onto the pebble-street path where it immediately became lost among all the other pebbles. “Oh, how clumsy of me,” she said. “But never mind, if you look into the bag for the one that is left, you will be able to tell which pebble I picked.” Since the remaining pebble is black, it must be assumed that she had picked the white one. And since the moneylender dared not admit his dishonesty, the girl changed what seemed an impossible situation into an advantageous one. MORAL OF THE STORY: Most complex problems do have a solution, sometimes we have to think about them in a different way.
- 20. How does personality influence organisational behaviour?