This presentation discusses pesticide pollution detection and analysis. It defines pesticides as agrochemicals used to control pests that compete with humans for food and spread disease. Pesticide pollution occurs when chemicals from pesticides contaminate soil, water, and air, bringing mostly negative environmental impacts. Detection can be done through gas chromatography with atomic emission detectors or biosensors. Accurate detection is important to prevent issues from overuse of pesticides like resistant pests, decreased biodiversity, water pollution, and air pollution.

1. Welcome
To
Our
Presentation
On
Detection and
analysis of
Pesticides pollution

2. Definition of pesticides
Definition of pesticides
pollution.
Causes of pesticides
Types of analysis and detection
Importance of pesticide
pollution detection and analysis

3. The term ‘pesticide’ is described as
agrochemicals that are used to control
and remove any pest that competes
with human for food, destroys
properties and carries diseases.
The most harmful pesticides are
organochlorine pesticides, namely
aldrin
, endrin, clordane, mirex, toxaphene
and hexachlorobenzene.

4. Pesticide pollution is a major environmental
Problem. The chemicals found in pesticides
cause pollution when they get into contact with
soil, water and air. The chemicals normally bring
mostly negative impacts to the environment.
Many of them are considered to be
particularly hazardous compounds and toxic
because they inhibit fundamental metabolic
pathways .

5.  By running off agricultural fields to
nearby water sources during rainfall.
 Not all of the applied chemicals reach
the target sites.
 Some chemicals go deep into the soil
and take many time to be broken down
 Improper storing, mixing, and loading of
pesticides .
 Improper storing, mixing, and loading of
pesticides .

6. Detection and analysis can
be carried out by using:
A gas chromatography with a
atomic emission detector
A detector switching system
 A Biosensor

7.  An atomic emission detector, consists of
a microwave-induced helium plasma
and atomic emission spectrometer.
 Detect any element in the periodic table
(except helium) from a gas
chromatography.
 It is used for the detection and elemental
characterization of 27 different
pesticides.

9.  There are two types of detector namely selective
detector and multiple detector.
 A selective detector is effective for impurity
components derived from agricultural crops.
 A multiple detector is required for the selective
detector of all pesticides components.
 The system obtain accurate analytical
information with no deterioration in sensitivity.

11. ECD and FCD
Electron Capture detector (ECD)
ECD offers high sensitivity analysis
of chlorinated pesticides.
Flame Photometric Detector (FPD)
FPD detects organophosphate
pesticides.

12.  Biosensors are potentially useful as they detect
pesticides quickly and have been active in the research
area for some years.
 Examples of enzymes used by the biosensors are
cholinesterase, aldehyde dehydrogenase,
acetolactate synthase and ascorbate oxidase.
 Biosensors have been defined as analytical devices
which tightly combine bio-recognition elements
(enzyme, antibody, microorganism or DNA) with
physical transducers for detection of the target
compounds.

13.  The enzyme-based sensors measure the
rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction
as the basis for their response, any
physical measurement which yields a
quantity related to this rate can be used
for detection.

15.  Overdose of pesticides may cause resistant pest and
decrease biodiversity in soil.
 It gets wash away accidentally in waterways due to
heavy rainfall thus causing water
pollution.(eutrophication)
 Pesticides contributes to air pollution. It occurs when
pesticides that are applied to crops blow by winds in
certain areas, potentially posing a threat to wildlife.