The document discusses instrumental design judgments in cross-cultural user research. It analyzes data from design workshops and debrief sessions conducted by a design team in China. The analysis finds: 1. The design team made explicit and implicit efforts to understand Chinese culture, such as relating observations to their own context, asking translators for explanations, and trying out cultural understandings. 2. The design team was also aware of limitations in their cultural perspectives and made generalizations. 3. Over time, the design team shifted their instrumental judgments, first by "nuancing" the role of translators to provide more cultural context, and then by "making familiar" unfamiliar Chinese concepts by relating them to their own experiences