In the field of Engineering, the solution of many complex problems is great limitless and usually impossible by analytical methods. For high exactness and repeatability, machine tools are used in industrial operation. Normally, several components such as base, knee, saddle, machine table, column and headstock, column are the main parts of the machine tools to get reliable performance. The work piece is held and supported on the machine table. A machine table should be enough rigid and must have good mechanical properties, to obtain a good finished and accurate work piece on a three axis CNC milling machine. A finite element analysis FEA gives a methodical study of failure principle which helps for additional progress of the 3 axis machine tables. In this paper, Static Analysis is performed on machine table to find out stresses generated in table, deformation of the table due to its weight. The finite element analysis is done by making 3D geometry in Solidworks software and analyse by using ANSYS software. The material comparison is shown in table and Grey Cast Iron is more dependable than other materials. Nyein Chan | Than Zaw Oo | Aung Myo San Hlaing "Design and Structural Analysis of 3 Axis CNC Milling Machine Table" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29197.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/29197/design-and-structural-analysis-of-3-axis-cnc-milling-machine-table/nyein-chan
Basics of Transformers, DC machine, Single phase and Three phase induction motors and Universal motors are provided here. Students of APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU) may find this helpful for their fifth module preparation.
Dynamo meters are the electronic devices that are widely used to the purpose of force analysis in various field of operations. There is various types of dynamometers such as
Lathe tool dynamometer
Milling tool dynamometer
Drilling tool dynamometer
Basic types of screw fasteners, Bolts of uniform
strength, I.S.O. Metric screw threads, Bolts under
tension, eccentrically loaded bolted joint in shear,
Eccentric load perpendicular and parallel to axis of
bolt, Eccentric load on circular base, design of Turn
Buckle.
Basics of Transformers, DC machine, Single phase and Three phase induction motors and Universal motors are provided here. Students of APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU) may find this helpful for their fifth module preparation.
Dynamo meters are the electronic devices that are widely used to the purpose of force analysis in various field of operations. There is various types of dynamometers such as
Lathe tool dynamometer
Milling tool dynamometer
Drilling tool dynamometer
Basic types of screw fasteners, Bolts of uniform
strength, I.S.O. Metric screw threads, Bolts under
tension, eccentrically loaded bolted joint in shear,
Eccentric load perpendicular and parallel to axis of
bolt, Eccentric load on circular base, design of Turn
Buckle.
This presentation content various types of strain gauges, derivation of gauge factor.
Various course having subject as instrumentation, measuring devices, contenting strain measurement as a topic so introduction to strain gauge can help to understand the topic.
4th axis-solutions - Rotary table solutionsUdaykiran ML
UCAM offers wide range of 4th Axis Rotary Table. Depending on the application we can offer precision Standard CNC Rotary Tables, Tilting Table, Large Bore Rotary Tables, Multi-Spindle Rotary Table, Large Size Rotary Table etc. These Rotary Tables can be integrated into 3 Axis machines to form an integrated 4th Axis solution for interpolation as well as positioning applications. The demand for higher speed and higher clamping torque has made us to bring out the latest version of CNC Rotary Tablee, which is beneficial for the customers in increasing productivity of machining operations
STRUCTURAL AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF DISC BRAKE USING SOLIDWORKS AND ANSYSIAEME Publication
Braking system represents one of the most fundamental safety critical components in modern vehicles. Brake absorbs kinetic energy of the rotating parts (Wheels) and the energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy to the surrounding atmosphere. It decelerates or stops the vehicle. When brake is applied to the disc brake it is subjected to high stress, thus it may suffer structural and wear issues. Hence for the better performance, structural, stress and the thermal analysis is preferred to choose low stress material.
This is a Major Project Report successfully done at DVRCET under the guidance of Mechanical Engineering Department & the Managing Director of NIRAJA TECHNOLOGIES located at Uppal (Hyderabad).
Multilevel inverter fed induction motor driveseSAT Journals
Abstract Induction motor drive is used in almost all industries including oil and gas sectors, production plants and process industries. Speed control of induction motor is a major concern. The proposed technology implements a better speed control for induction motor drives using a multilevel inverter. The switching sequences are generated by optimized pre-calculated angles for controlling induction motor. And also with the use of a multi-level inverter there is lower distortion of output voltages and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of machine currents under steady state operating conditions can be minimized. THD can be further reduced by optimizing the switching angles. This technology can be extended to higher levels of output voltages by using an n state multilevel inverter. In this paper, a seven level multilevel inverter is proposed, its simulation is done in MATLAB/Simulink and the results were verified by experimenting on a hardware prototype. This could be extended to higher levels of voltage waveform and can be used in photovoltaics. A multilevel inverter could be a better choice as a dc-dc converter in solar power circuits. Keywords: Multilevel inverter, optimal pulse with modulation, total harmonic d1istortion.
Modelling and Analysis of CNC Milling Machine Bed with Composite Materialijsrd.com
Structural materials used in a machine tool have a decisive role in determining the productivity and accuracy of the part manufactured in it. The conventional structural materials used in precision machine tools such as cast iron and steel at high operating speeds develop positional errors due to the vibrations transferred into the structure. Faster cutting speeds can be acquired only by structure which has high stiffness and good damping characteristics. Clearly the life of a machine is inversely proportional to the levels of vibration that the machine is subjected. The further process is carried out to undergo the deformation, natural frequency and displacement using Static analysis, Modal analysis and Harmonic analysis respectively. Since the bed in machine tool plays a critical role in ensuring the precision and accuracy in components. It is one of the most important tool structures which tend to absorb the vibrations resulting from the cutting operation. To analyze the bed for possible material changes that could increase stiffness, reduce weight, improve damping characteristics and isolate natural frequency from the operating range. This was the main motivation behind the idea to go in for a composite model involving High Modulus Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Material (HM CFRP). Though carbon has good strength and stiffness properties but it lacks in damping requirements. On the other hand polymer, though it lacks in strength but it has good damping characteristics and it is used to hold the carbon fibers. This makes it ideal to combine these materials in a proper manner. In this work, a machine bed is selected for the analysis static loads. Then investigation is carried out to reduce the weight of the machine bed without deteriorating its structural rigidity. The 3D CAD model of the bed has been created by using commercial 3D modelling software and analyses were carried out using ANSYS.
This presentation content various types of strain gauges, derivation of gauge factor.
Various course having subject as instrumentation, measuring devices, contenting strain measurement as a topic so introduction to strain gauge can help to understand the topic.
4th axis-solutions - Rotary table solutionsUdaykiran ML
UCAM offers wide range of 4th Axis Rotary Table. Depending on the application we can offer precision Standard CNC Rotary Tables, Tilting Table, Large Bore Rotary Tables, Multi-Spindle Rotary Table, Large Size Rotary Table etc. These Rotary Tables can be integrated into 3 Axis machines to form an integrated 4th Axis solution for interpolation as well as positioning applications. The demand for higher speed and higher clamping torque has made us to bring out the latest version of CNC Rotary Tablee, which is beneficial for the customers in increasing productivity of machining operations
STRUCTURAL AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF DISC BRAKE USING SOLIDWORKS AND ANSYSIAEME Publication
Braking system represents one of the most fundamental safety critical components in modern vehicles. Brake absorbs kinetic energy of the rotating parts (Wheels) and the energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy to the surrounding atmosphere. It decelerates or stops the vehicle. When brake is applied to the disc brake it is subjected to high stress, thus it may suffer structural and wear issues. Hence for the better performance, structural, stress and the thermal analysis is preferred to choose low stress material.
This is a Major Project Report successfully done at DVRCET under the guidance of Mechanical Engineering Department & the Managing Director of NIRAJA TECHNOLOGIES located at Uppal (Hyderabad).
Multilevel inverter fed induction motor driveseSAT Journals
Abstract Induction motor drive is used in almost all industries including oil and gas sectors, production plants and process industries. Speed control of induction motor is a major concern. The proposed technology implements a better speed control for induction motor drives using a multilevel inverter. The switching sequences are generated by optimized pre-calculated angles for controlling induction motor. And also with the use of a multi-level inverter there is lower distortion of output voltages and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of machine currents under steady state operating conditions can be minimized. THD can be further reduced by optimizing the switching angles. This technology can be extended to higher levels of output voltages by using an n state multilevel inverter. In this paper, a seven level multilevel inverter is proposed, its simulation is done in MATLAB/Simulink and the results were verified by experimenting on a hardware prototype. This could be extended to higher levels of voltage waveform and can be used in photovoltaics. A multilevel inverter could be a better choice as a dc-dc converter in solar power circuits. Keywords: Multilevel inverter, optimal pulse with modulation, total harmonic d1istortion.
Modelling and Analysis of CNC Milling Machine Bed with Composite Materialijsrd.com
Structural materials used in a machine tool have a decisive role in determining the productivity and accuracy of the part manufactured in it. The conventional structural materials used in precision machine tools such as cast iron and steel at high operating speeds develop positional errors due to the vibrations transferred into the structure. Faster cutting speeds can be acquired only by structure which has high stiffness and good damping characteristics. Clearly the life of a machine is inversely proportional to the levels of vibration that the machine is subjected. The further process is carried out to undergo the deformation, natural frequency and displacement using Static analysis, Modal analysis and Harmonic analysis respectively. Since the bed in machine tool plays a critical role in ensuring the precision and accuracy in components. It is one of the most important tool structures which tend to absorb the vibrations resulting from the cutting operation. To analyze the bed for possible material changes that could increase stiffness, reduce weight, improve damping characteristics and isolate natural frequency from the operating range. This was the main motivation behind the idea to go in for a composite model involving High Modulus Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Material (HM CFRP). Though carbon has good strength and stiffness properties but it lacks in damping requirements. On the other hand polymer, though it lacks in strength but it has good damping characteristics and it is used to hold the carbon fibers. This makes it ideal to combine these materials in a proper manner. In this work, a machine bed is selected for the analysis static loads. Then investigation is carried out to reduce the weight of the machine bed without deteriorating its structural rigidity. The 3D CAD model of the bed has been created by using commercial 3D modelling software and analyses were carried out using ANSYS.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Abstract: This Project presents the Design of Machining Fixture for Support Bracket for Machining on VTC (Vertical Turning Centre). Fixture Design consists of High product rate, low manufacturing operation cost. The fixture should be designed in such-a-way that part/product change overtime is very less. The report consists of study of input data from customers like Part drawing and Assembly drawing. The fixture design begins with part modeling, Machining and Analysis of various parts in the fixture assembly using AutoCAD and Solid works, for a analysis ANSYS Software package is used. The actual design begins with study details of project proposal summary from customer. After that machining fixture concept is done. Locating and clamping points are decided. This also includes accessibility, loading and unloading sequence of parts, required material for this fixture is selected, and Fixture is designed at HMT MACHINE TOOL, KALAMASSERY using Industrial application standards. Locating accuracy and machined part quality tested and found that the fixture is as good as any dedicated fixture in production.
GEOMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF CNC VERTICAL MILLING MACHINE BEDIjripublishers Ijri
In this paper, a machine bed will be selected for the complete analysis for both static and dynamic loads. Then investigation
is carried out to reduce the weight of the machine bed without deteriorating its structural rigidity and the accuracy
of the machine tool by adding ribs at the suitable locations.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
DESIGN MODIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF FIXTURE TO ACCOMMODATE DIFFERENT STEAM TU...Journal For Research
A fixture is a special purpose tool used to accurately and stably locate the work piece during machining process. Proper fixture design improves the quality, production of parts and also facilitates the interchangeability of parts that is prevalent in much of modern manufacturing. A machining fixture has two basic functions are to locate the component at a right position in relation with cutting tools and to hold the component tightly. Lack of rigidity causes vibration which is very dangerous. In the present study an attempt has been carried out to make universal type of fixture which is capable to handle different steam turbine casing having geometry changing attributes. Modeling has been carried out of existing fixture using solid modeling software. Based on the available data of existing fixture, force, vibration and control point calculations have been carried out analytically. Static structural and harmonic analysis have been carried out using finite element software. The high vibration and stresses have been found in existing fixture design, which will be eliminated by redesigning of the same. It has been found that frequency has been increased whereas equivalent stress and deformation has been reduced in modified design of fixture.
Abstract 3D Printing is a process of manufacturing the product on the layer by layer. And it is best processes for producing a finished objects. It was started in 1980‟s with the invention of stereo lithography. It has gone through various ups and downs throughout its development and rejection of new technologies. In this paper, we h3ave summarized the printing of hollow compounds with different shapes. Applications of 3D printed hollow compounds are turbine blades, gears, disc brakes etc. One of the major application of 3D printing is hollow turbine blade. A turbine blade is the individual components. These are used to up the turbine section of a gas turbine. The blades must designed to withstand the high pressure and high temperature comings from combustor. These 3D printed hollow compounds has same strength as solid compounds when compared. Major advantages of the Hollow shaped compounds are heat transfer, low material cost. The aim of the paper is to reduce the cost of material and easy manufacturing of hollow compounds compared to traditional process and taken hollow turbine blade as example. Keywords: hollow compounds, 3D printing, turbine blades, Additive manufacturing.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
General stiffness model for five-axis CNC machiningIJRES Journal
Five-axis CNC machining has become an important method for processing thin-walled parts. However, compared with the traditional three-axis machine system, the tool path planning becomes more difficult especially in high-speed and accuracy machining process. In this paper, taking into consideration the rigidity establishes a general stiffness model in order to increase the surface quality, restrain the chatter of the machine and provide a reference for tool path planning. The model considerate the comprehensive impact of the tool posture, tool overhang length, transmission axis of the machine and the parts, in which the finite element method and the principal of virtual-work are applied.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PORTABLE DRILLING AND BORING MACHINEvivatechijri
In India, the growth of manufacturing depends largely on its productivity. Productivity depends upon
many factors, one of the major factors are the portability and compactness along with the manufacturing
efficiency with which the operations are carried out in the industry. Productivity can be improved by automation
of machines and combining the different operations in a single machine etc. Drilling and boring are the major
processes involves in manufacturing of most of the industrial as well as commercial products. In the large scale
industry for performing the drilling and boring operations special, heavy duty machines are used but the down
side of this machines are high initial as well as maintenance cost, large space, skilled workers etc. However, in
case of small scale industry the scenario is completely different, because of lack of space, low capital investment,
unskilled workers etc. they cannot afford heavy duty machines. In This paper, a system is proposed to simplify a
drilling and boring operation by using a gear system and a simple mechanism incorporate in a single machine.
The aim of this paper is to generate a new concept to combine and perform drilling and boring operation
effectively and efficiently.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD29197 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September - October 2019 Page 944
Aleksandar Košaracet. al analysed dynamics characteristics
of machine tools, especially modal parameters, have
significant effect on the cutting procedure and cutting
precision. Dynamic behaviour and purpose of modal
parameter are shown for horizontal milling centres. Forthis
purposes 3D CAD model of horizontal milling centre has
been created using CATIA software, and modal analysis
(natural frequencies and mode shapes of the machine tool
structure) has been conducted by ANSYS Workbench and
APDL. Results gained by FEM modal analysis are validate by
experimental modal analysis. Modal parameters obtained
experimentally and by FEMarecompared,andresults shows
satisfactory matching.
Sagar Pandit Mahajan studied, the conventional structural
materials used in precision machine tools such as cast iron
and steel at high operating speeds develop positional errors
due to the vibrations transferred into the structure. Faster
cutting speeds can be developed only bystructurewhichhas
high stiffness and good restraining characteristics. In this
work, a machine bed is selected for the analysis static loads.
Then investigation is carried out to decrease the weight of
the machine bed without weakening its structural rigidity.
The 3D CAD model of the bed has been created by using 3D
modelling software and analyses were carried out using
ANSYS Workbench.
Pratik Bhambhatt et. al studied by using practical data of
CNC Router structure, equipped 3D CAD model for Finite
Element Analysis in Solid Works 2015. From analysis result
find value of von mises stress, strain and displacement
(deflection) for optimize structure in strength and cost.
Sriranga V Deshpande et. al presented the design and
fabrication of 3-axis milling machine. To produce pulse-
width modulation (PWM)outputsinordertorunthestepper
motors that will be usedinthiswork,Computernumerically-
controlled (CNC) machine will be comprised the use of
Arduino micro controller. A three-axis CNC milling was
formerly used exactly surfaced designed for snapping of
wood, plastic sheet and thin sheet of metal alloy by using a
rotating drill bit which its accuracy was much lesser than
using a lesser cutter technique this machine tool was
transportable and it’s controlled by the personal computer.
Design and Construction of CNC with precision Stepper
motors that contacted with the lead screw moment along
three-axis.
Vedprakash et. al reviewed the sequence of works that have
been carried out by different researchersondesign,analysis,
implementation and construction of a computer numerical
controlled (CNC) mechanical systems. The main objective of
this paper was to permit the future researchers to provide a
passage into the work toimprovetheperformance,accuracy,
efficiency and the design of CNC machine.
Seyed reza besharati researched, reciprocal and
simultaneous motion of the gantry and worktable was
projected as the gantry machine’s X-axis double motion
mechanism. The double motion mechanism was designed
based on a rack and pinion system. A new anti-backlash
system is recommended to compensate for transmission
error and backlash (simultaneously) and for use in the
double motion mechanism. Due to manufacturing
boundaries of the rack and pinion systems, a new double
motion mechanism based on a ball screw system is
proposed. The dynamic and static behaviour of thefinal CNC
gantry machine design is investigated via modal and static
structural analysis using ANSYS software. The gantry’s
natural frequency was designed to be 202 Hz in the first
vibration mode, making the machine capable of working at
higher speeds of up to 11530 rpm, which is appropriate not
only for rough cutting but also for finishing.
The final design of the new CNC gantry machine is updated
according to the obtained results. The increase in natural
frequency during gantry design modification affects
complexity, increasing the weight and manufacturingcostof
the gantry. As such, five different gantry designsareselected
for comparison. Four parameters, i.e., the first four natural
frequencies, total deformation due to mechanical forces,
weight and manufacturing cost are measured performance
indices. One is selected among five designs mathematically
and improved by MOGA (multi-objective genetic algorithm)
in ANSYS software. In the optimization process, the gantry’s
natural frequency is maximized, thus minimizing the total
gantry weight and deformation against mechanical forces.
CNC gantry machine documents for manufacturing are
equipped, followed by modelling, casting, machining and
assembly. To estimate and confirm the design and analysis,
an investigational modal test is performed. The tentative
results show less than 11% error between the dynamic
analysis and investigational test.
III. Material and Method
Fig. 1 Design Flow Chart
IV. MATERIAL USED FOR MACHINE TOOL
STRUCTURE
The productivity and precision of the part manufactured in
structural materials used in a machine tool havea significant
role. Material selection is a significant of quality and cost.
The properties of the material must be acceptable to meet
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD29197 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September - October 2019 Page 945
design necessities and service conditions. Most commonly
used material for machine tool structure is cast iron and
steel.
Cast Iron
Cast iron is mainly an alloy of iron, carbon, and silicon. From
primary times cast iron has been the most commonly used
material for machine tool structures. It may be cast into
complex and complex shapes. It is easily machined and may
be hand scraped and lapped to a high degree of accuracy. It
has fairly good damping properties and also has reasonably
good antifriction properties helped by the graphite
contained in it. It can be given very good long-term
dimensional stability by giving it a special long cycle stress
relief annealing treatment. Cast iron should be preferred for
complex structures subjected to normal loading,whenthese
structures are to be made large in numbers.
Structural steel
The main condition in the selection and inspection of the
steel is the tensile strength which is used as the basis of
design.
Generally load carrying welded structures such as frames,
beds, and column.
Steel
Steel is very widely used for machine components as it can
be manufactured and processed into a number of different
specifications each of which has a definite use. Two
properties of steel apart from strength are of special
significance in selection of proper grade of steel. First, the
maximum hardness that can be attained and second, the
harden ability which regulates the depth of hardened zone.
V. Design Consideration
Fig.2 Isometric View of CNC Milling Table
Fig. 3 Side View of CNC Milling Table
A 3D model of the CNC machine bed, its supporting rib and a
workpiece for real time analysis was created in SolidWorks
2017 of the dimensions:
Table1 Dimensions of CNC Milling Machine Table
Model
Dimension (mm)
Length ✕✕✕✕ Breadth ✕✕✕✕ Depth
Work piece 500 ✕ 200 ✕ 50
Table 1000 ✕ 300 ✕ 141.06
Saddle 381 ✕ 350 ✕ 78.14
Knee 304.8 ✕ 500 ✕ 396.875
VI. Design Analysis
Firstly, the design model is imported from Solid Works to
ANSYS 17. Mesh size is 5mm and node points and element
size are 4264771 & 2798773 respectively. Material is Grey
Cast Iron. Display style is orthogonal qualityandthe3Dview
of mesh, Total Deformation, Equivalent Stress, Equivalent
Strain and Maximum Principal Stress are as follow:
Fig.3 Mesh of a Milling Machine
Fig. 4 Total Deformation of a Milling Machine
Fig. 5 Equivalent Stress of a Milling Machine
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD29197 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September - October 2019 Page 946
Fig. 6 Elastic Strain of a Milling Machine
Fig. 7 Maximum principle stress of a Milling Machine
Secondly, the design model is imported from SolidWorks to
ANSYS 17. Mesh size is 5mm and node points and element
size are 4264150 & 2798383 respectively. Material is
Structural Steel (ANSI 304). Display style is orthogonal
quality and the 3D view of mesh, Total Deformation,
Equivalent Stress, Equivalent Strain and MaximumPrincipal
Stress are as follow:
Fig. 8 Mesh of a Milling Machine
Fig. 9 Total Deformation of a Milling Machine
Fig. 10 Equivalent Stress of a Milling Machine
Fig. 11 Elastic Strain of a Milling Machine
Fig. 12 Maximum principle stress of a Milling Machine
Finally, the design model is imported from SolidWorks to
ANSYS 17. Mesh size is 5mm and node points and element
size are 4260551 & 2795635 respectively. Material is
Structural Steel (ANSI 1045). Display style is orthogonal
quality and the 3D view of mesh, Total Deformation,
Equivalent Stress, Equivalent Strain and MaximumPrincipal
Stress are as follow:
Fig.13 Mesh of a Milling Machine
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD29197 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September - October 2019 Page 947
Fig. 14 Total Deformation of a Milling Machine
Fig. 15 Equivalent Stress of a Milling Machine
Fig. 16 Elastic Strain of a Milling Machine
Fig. 17 Maximum principle stress of a Milling Machine
Table2. Comparison between Material
Sr. No. Description
Result
Gray Cast Iron ANSI 304 ANSI 1045
1. Total Deformation (mm) 1.8601e-5 1.1335e-5 2.06e-5
2. Equivalent Stress (MPa) 0.027891 0.034248 0.074173
3. Elastic Strain (mm/mm) 4.986e-7 2.2849e-7 4.9943e-7
4. Maximum Principal Stress (MPa) 0.0070949 0.020747 0.041219
VII. Conclusion
From the above tables and figures, the results are shown. As
a result, Total Deformation of Grey Cast Iron is less than
ANSI 1045 Steel but it is greater than ANSI 304 (Mild Steel).
Equivalent Stress, Elastic Strain and Maximum Principal
Stress are 0.02789, 4.985e-7and0.0070949 respectively.So,
for CNC Machine Table, Grey Cast Iron is more reliable than
other materials.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
A special thanks is offered to Dr. San San Yee, Rector,
Technological University(Taunggyi),forherencouragement,
constructive guidance and kindly advise throughout the
preparation of this research.
A special thanks is offered to Dr. Nang Woe Swam, Professor
and Head of Mechanical Engineering Department,
Technological University(Taunggyi),forherencouragement,
constructive guidance and kindly advise throughout the
preparation of this research.
The author especially would like to take this opportunity to
express my sincere gratitude, respect and regards for his
colleges, U Than Zaw Oo and U Aung Myo San Hlaing,
Lecturers, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Technological University (Taunggyi), with the help of their
guidance, constant encouragement, patient and trust, I have
worked on this research.
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